Properties of electronic money. The best payment systems, electronic money and crypto-currencies

If a couple of decades ago we would have been informed that in the future mankind would be able to use for calculations not only “real”, but also electronic money, for sure most would be skeptical about this forecast. Meanwhile, today use of electronic money is perceived as quite a common fact - with their help you can pay for goods and services, receive wages or, on the contrary, to pay remuneration to an employee, engage in charitable activities and conduct many other financial transactions. Today electronic money systems varied. Each of them has its own characteristics, advantages and disadvantages. And since without the use of electronic money modern man definitely not enough, it is important to know how payment systems of this type function, when and how they can make our lives easier, and what types of electronic money exist today ...

We learned about such a term as "electronic money" relatively recently.

Their rapid development began in 1993, and after 10 years, according to studies, electronic money began to be used in 37 countries around the world.

This is not surprising, because they allow you to quickly make settlements with correspondents who can be located almost anywhere in the world. Electronic money in Russia quickly gained popularity, because with their help you can significantly reduce the time and effort spent on transfers and payments. So relatively recently, it became possible to purchase goods for electronic money in online stores, pay bills for the phone or the Internet. Now these means of payment are in no way inferior to their “real” counterparts - such money has a similar value, although at a certain stage of the settlements they do not have any material expression.

Electronic and non-cash money: is there a difference?

A very common misconception is the identification of electronic and non-cash money. Actually, it is not. Electronic money does not act as a substitute for conventional financial resources. They are issued in the same way as non-cash money. The only difference is that a specialized organization takes part in this process, and in the case of non-cash money, the central state bank acts as an issuer.

Also, do not confuse electronic money with credit cards. The cards themselves act as ways to use the client's bank account, and all transactions in this case are made using ordinary money. As for electronic money, they act as a separate means of payment.

Advantages and disadvantages of electronic money

Of course, many will be interested in why they are needed at all. electronic payment systems and electronic money, if they are connected with cash or non-cash funds only indirectly and, at first glance, do not differ from them? Meanwhile, electronic money has a large number of indisputable advantages:

1. Combinability and divisibility - the use of electronic money makes it possible to dispense with the issuance of change.
2. Low cost of issue - there is no need for minting coins, issuing banknotes and the cost of paint, paper, metals and other materials in connection with this.
3. High level of portability - unlike cash, the value of the amount of electronic money is not related to their weight or overall dimensions.
4. Ease in the process of settlements - there is no need to recount electronic money, since this process is automatically carried out using a payment instrument.
5. Simplicity in the organization of physical protection of electronic means of payment.
6. Reducing the impact of the human factor - the moment of payment is always recorded by an electronic system.
7. Save space and time - electronic money does not need to be packed, transported, counted or left in vaults.
8. The impossibility of hiding funds from taxation - we are talking about payments made through fiscalized acquiring devices.
9. Qualitative uniformity - electronic money cannot be damaged, like, for example, banknotes or coins.
10. Ideal persistence - electronic money can retain its qualities for a long period of time.
11. High level of security - electronic money is protected from denomination change, counterfeiting or theft, which is ensured by electronic and cryptographic means.
12. The exchange of electronic money for cash is simple - today electronic money can be withdrawn to bank card or an account, as well as receive cash using the services of specialized organizations.

But, like any other type of means of payment, electronic money has a number of disadvantages:

1. Lack of stable legal regulation- Today, many countries have not yet fully defined the status of electronic money and, therefore, have not developed a number of laws that could regulate the process of mutual settlements carried out through the use of electronic payment systems.
2. The need to use special handling and storage tools.
3. The impossibility of restoring monetary value in the event of the physical destruction of an electronic money carrier - however, cash is not without this drawback.
4. Lack of recognition - the amount of electronic money cannot be determined without special technical means.
5. High probability that the personal data of payers can be tracked by fraudsters.
6. Low level of security - in the absence of the necessary security measures, electronic money can be easily stolen directly from the owner's account

Forms of electronic money

It is believed that modern electronic money can exist in two main forms: based on networks and based on smart cards. There are also such forms of electronic money as fiat and non-fiat money. The former are a kind of money of a certain payment system and are expressed in the form of one of the state currencies.

Since it is the state in its laws that obliges citizens to accept fiat money for payment, their emission, redemption and circulation is carried out in accordance with the rules current legislation and the central bank.

As for non-fiat money, they act as a unit of value of non-state payment systems. Such electronic money is a type of credit financial means and is regulated by the rules of non-state payment systems, which are different in each country.

Types of electronic money

Types of electronic money are quite diverse. A few years ago, there were a limited number of payment systems in the world. Today, their number is constantly growing. For convenience, all electronic money and systems should be divided into domestic and foreign ones.

Electronic money in Russia is represented by the following systems:

1. Webmoney - perhaps today it is one of the most popular payment systems that work with electronic money.
The system does not set any restrictions, allows you to make instant money transfers, and to make a transaction it is not at all necessary to open a bank account or provide complete information about yourself. System users can correspond and conduct transactions via secure channels by creating electronic wallets WMZ (dollars), WMR (rubles), WME (euro) and so on. The level of security when making transactions using Webmoney is quite high. However, users' wallets are often hacked by hackers. It is very difficult to return the funds later - the exception is cases when the account owner or the system management is looking for a criminal in hot pursuit. Needless to say, it's not easy? But, at the same time, Webmoney constantly informs users about the measures that they can take to protect themselves. And they really do work.

2. Yandex money is another popular payment system that is similar to Webmoney in many ways.
Yandex money allows you to make instant payments within the limits of the system. The ability to manage the wallet directly from the official website, a high degree of protection and confidentiality, and the speed of settlements between users of the system are the main advantages that made Yandex money popular in Russia.

3. RBK Money is a kind of prototype of the Rupay payment system.
Electronic money transfer in this case is carried out instantly. All funds are equivalent to the ruble, and you can withdraw them to a bank card or account. Used to make a transaction mobile phone, computer, communicator. The main advantage of RBK Money is the ability to make payments for utilities, telephone, Internet quickly and easily.

4. ASSIST - a system created by Reksoft, which is a leader in the field of system integration and consulting in the development of software solutions and the implementation of information technology.
One of the main tasks of this system is to ensure credit card payments when making purchases in the Ozon online store. True, the development of electronic money subsequently led to the fact that ASSIST began to be used to pay for goods and services of a different nature.

Less well-known, but no less popular in Russia are also considered:

5. CG PAY
6.CHRONOPAY
7. CYBERPLAT
8. E-PORT
9 MONYMAIL
10.RUNET
11. SimMP
12. Z-PAYMENT
13. PILOT
14. TELEBANK
15. RAPID
16. RAMBLER

As for foreign types of electronic money and payment systems that work with them, their choice is also great:

1. PayPal is a large debit electronic payment system that allows you to work with 18 national currencies. Since 2002, PayPal has been a division famous company eBay.

PayPal payments are made through a secure connection. The registration procedure involves the transfer of a small amount of money from the user's card to the account. After the identity of the account and card holder is confirmed, the funds will be returned. Registration and transfer Money using PayPal are free. The commission is paid only by the recipient of the payment, and its amount depends on the country of residence and status in the PayPal system.

2.Mondex- this system was developed by British banks and operates, for the most part, in Europe and Asia.
Mondex involves the issuance of a special smart card to the client, on which there is a chip - a kind of analogue of an electronic wallet. It is on it that electronic cash is stored - cash, which acts in the system in the status of a cash equivalent. The advantages of electronic cash are the possibility of making purchases via the Internet, storing electronic money in five currencies at once, and transferring funds to a correspondent without intermediaries. Mondex funds are accepted by many restaurants, shops, airlines, hotels, gas stations - 32 million businesses worldwide that operate in the field of trade and services.

3. Visa Cash is a prepaid smart card that allows you to quickly and easily pay for small expenses. With Visa Cash, you can pay for movie or theater tickets, telephone conversations, newspapers, goods and services. The convenience of using Visa Cash is that you can quickly transfer a fairly large amount from your personal bank account to it.

4. E-gold is an international payment system that involves investing in precious metals.
Playing at gold rates, you can receive electronic money and carry out various financial transactions with their help. The main advantages of the E-gold system are anonymity, transnationality and the availability of profitable affiliate program. At the same time, a fee is charged for storing money in the system every month. The same applies to transfers - for each transaction you will have to pay a certain percentage. You can always replenish your account using transfers from Yandex-money, Webmoney, etc. systems. Also, electronic money exchangers can cope with this function quite well.

In addition, among the well-known foreign payment Internet systems are:
5. CASHKASSA
6.ALERTPAY
7. EASYPAY
8. EMONEY
9. LIBERTY
10. MONEYBOOKERS
11. CHECKFREE
12. Cybermint
13. DATA CASH
14. DIGITCASH
15. EPASPORTE
16. FETHAND
17. GOLDMONEY
18. GOOGLE-CHECK
19.NETCASH
20. PAYMER
21.PECUNIX

If you decide to use electronic money: some tips for beginners

The first thing you need to remember is that electronic money is quite "real" and losing it can hurt you a lot.

That is why, do not be lazy to study the instructions of a particular payment system, pay close attention to ensuring the security of your account or account. Sometimes it is easier to purchase a special anti-virus program or a utility for detecting hacker attacks than later to lose a large amount of money, which will simply be stolen from your account.

Second, study the conditions for withdrawing, depositing and exchanging electronic money.

Each payment system offers the user its own conditions. Today, it is quite possible to exchange electronic money within two systems or currencies on favorable conditions. The same applies to the input and output of electronic means of payment. In the first case, you can use terminals, and in the second, you can transfer money to a card, bank account or receive it in cash by contacting specialized organizations.

And finally, the third - do not give up the opportunity to use electronic money.

Today they are successfully used in various countries of the world as a means of payment for goods, works, services. Experts are already saying that next years the number of people using electronic money for settlements will grow steadily. This is not surprising, because it is worth trying to carry out any financial transaction using electronic money only once, and you will also understand that it is convenient and simple!

Electronic money today: legislative news

A few years ago, electronic money was not equated to their paper counterpart. However, in connection with the expansion of the scope of their use, new ideas about means of payment appeared, and it became necessary to regulate such relations in a legislative manner. So on June 27, 2011, Russian President Dmitry Medvedev signed a new one, which will make it possible to regulate the procedure for making payments using electronic money.

This bill was adopted in December last year, but due to the amendments that were made to it over a long period of time, the document was signed only in June 2011. The main purpose of the law "On the National Payment System" is to establish requirements for payment systems in the area of ​​their functioning and organization.

The bill describes the rules for the transfer of funds, and also introduces the concept of "clearing center". This status is played by an organization that ensures the acceptance for execution of applications from participants in the payment system at the time when they transfer their funds using electronic forms of payment. In addition, the law introduces 3 types of means of payment that can be used in the process of electronic payments (the properties of the systems are listed below):
1. Non-personalized electronic means of payment:
- user identification is not performed;
- the maximum balance at any time is 15 thousand rubles;
- the limit on the turnover of funds per month is 40 thousand rubles;
- use for mini-payments.

2. Personalized electronic means of payment:
- identification of the client is carried out;
- the maximum amount of funds on the account is 100 thousand rubles per month.

3. Corporate electronic payment instruments:
- can be used legal entities with their preliminary identification;
- the maximum balance of funds at the end of the working day is 100 thousand rubles;
- allow the acceptance of electronic money as payment for services and goods.

It should be noted that the law "On the National Payment System" will also have an impact on the regulation of mobile payments. The operator of the electronic payment system will be able to conclude an agreement with a mobile operator. Based on this, he will be entitled to increase the balance of electronic funds individual, which is a subscriber given operator, at the expense of financial resources paid in advance to the telecom operator. One can even say that the new bill has created all the conditions for using a mobile phone as a device for making various types of payments.

In general, it can be seen that every year electronic payment systems and electronic money are becoming increasingly popular. Do not miss the opportunity to feel the comfort of using them, because electronic payments can really make the payment process more convenient!

Everything in this world is constantly changing, and of course money is changing. People are gradually moving to electronic currency. But not everyone knows what electronic money is and how to use it. Many people think that electronic money is ordinary paper money, which is simply used to pay for Internet services. In fact, electronic money is virtual, conditionally invented banknotes that have the force of real money. paper money.

Where does electronic money come from?
Like any money, electronic money needs to be earned. The Internet is an unlimited source of earning electronic real money. Everyone earns their money in their own way, someone writes articles to order, someone plays poker, someone who sells shampoo or candles, someone plays on the stock exchange.

What can be bought with electronic money?
Almost everything. On the Internet, you can buy a house, an apartment, a car, or just a pack of pasta with home delivery. If we talk about the Russian-language Internet, then we mainly use electronic money to buy electronic equipment, cell phones, books, jewelry and cosmetics. In the west, many people have stopped going to conventional stores altogether. Since it is more convenient to buy in virtual stores than in ordinary ones. A person simply visits the website of the store he needs, searches for the necessary product, compares prices with other stores, and then orders home delivery. Convenience is that, firstly, a person saves his time. For example, a sofa can be chosen in lunch break, after work, by this time, the sofa will have already been delivered to the buyer's home, you can already relax on the new furniture.
Secondly, no one puts pressure on the buyer and does not try to foist goods he does not need. That is, no sales consultant will not get on your nerves with your attempts to sell stale goods. Thirdly, any product, even a handkerchief, can be ordered with home delivery. In the USA, for example, in many electronic stores delivery within the country is free. In our electronic stores, very expensive. The cost of delivery is made up of the weight of the goods, the commission for work and the distance to the buyer. So, for example, if you buy the cheapest shampoo on OZON.RU for 100 rubles, then its delivery, for example, to Nizhny Novgorod, will cost 250 rubles. That is 2.5 times more expensive than the product itself. Of course, if the owners of online stores do not figure out how to reduce the cost of delivery, then it is unlikely that online shopping will be used. in great demand in Russia.

How to use electronic money?
There are special computer programs for working with electronic money. The program is very popular in Russia WEB MONEY. The so-called electronic wallet is downloaded from the site of the same name, installed on your home computer, wallets are created in the desired currency (rubles, dollars, euros, etc.), and then you can use your money. The program is easy to use, although it has flaws in terms of money security.

How to convert electronic money into real rubles.
In order to convert electronic currency into paper currency, you need to come to the exchange office with a passport, having previously sent the electronic payment and your secret password to the wallet of the exchange office. At the exchange office, after you show your passport and name your secret password (you come up with this password and only you know it too), the cashier will give you your legal real paper money, only take a commission for services, about 4% of the amount.

Advantages of electronic money.
With electronic money, you can replenish the balance of your cell phone without leaving your home, and without any commission. With electronic money, you can pay for the Internet, utility bills, any goods that are sold in online stores. Electronic money saves time, and sometimes when paying with electronic money, some online stores make discounts.

Economists believe that electronic money is the future. Since they allow you to avoid queues at the bank, at the post office, in the store, and therefore save the most precious thing - our time.

Nowadays, the Internet is a huge world that has unlimited possibilities. With it, you can make purchases without leaving your apartment (workplace). It is more convenient and faster than the traditional method, and often much cheaper. But this requires electronic money.

Electronic money is a virtual monetary unit, through which all kinds of payments are made on the Internet. These are, in fact, the same banknotes that have the same value as real money or funds in bank accounts, with the difference that their entire circulation takes place exclusively on the Internet. Electronic money can be in different currencies, they can be exchanged for real money and vice versa.

Electronic money is a perpetual monetary obligation of a financial and credit institution, expressed in in electronic format, certified by an electronic digital signature and redeemable at the time of presentation in ordinary money.

Electronic money is a new means of payment that allows you to make payment transactions and does not require access to deposit accounts.

Electronic money - in the broad sense of the word, are considered as a set of subsystems of cash (issuance is carried out without opening personal accounts) and non-cash money (issuance is carried out with the opening of personal accounts) or as a system of monetary settlements through the use of electronic technology.

Electronic money - in a narrow sense, they represent a subsystem of cash issued into circulation by banks or specialized credit institutions. Here, the main difference is the optional use of a bank account when making a payment, when the operation is carried out from the payer to the recipient without the participation of the bank.

Electronic money is a means of payment that exists exclusively in electronic form, that is, in the form of records in specialized electronic systems Oh. Currently, they are used mainly on the Internet, but can exist outside of it.

Electronic money is issued in the form of rather arbitrary payment units, for example, WMZ or WMR in the WebMoney electronic money system. As a rule, these units are tied to some currency.

Electronic money first appeared in Japan in the late 1980s. At that time, pre-paid chip cards of some Japanese telephone, transport and trading companies were being introduced, and other firms gradually began to use and accept them.

In Europe, the first applications of previously paid electronic payment products have been introduced since the early 1990s. They enabled users to store electronic money on cards. New means of payment have attracted attention not only because of their innovative technical qualities, but also because they were not issued by banking institutions. Soon, banks began to implement similar projects.

TYPES OF ELECTRONIC MONEY

There are 2 types of electronic money:
1. Electronically issued payment certificates or checks. These certificates have a specific denomination, are stored in encrypted form, and are signed electronic signature issuer. When making settlements, certificates are transferred from one system participant to another, while the transfer itself can go beyond the issuer's payment system.
2. Entries on current account member of the system. Settlements are made by writing off a certain number of payment units from one account, and entering them into another account within the payment system of the electronic money issuer. The second type is a fairly accurate analogue of non-cash funds.

From the point of view of the owner of electronic money, both of these types are practically indistinguishable, and are used in approximately the same way. The capabilities of systems built on different principles are also almost identical.

MAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF ELECTRONIC MONEY

In modern monetary systems, electronic money is fiat money, has a credit basis, performs the functions of a means of payment, circulation, accumulation, and has a guarantee. The basis for issuing electronic money into circulation is cash and non-cash money. Electronic money acts as the issuer's financial obligations when servicing non-cash transactions.

Electronic money is characterized by an internal contradiction: on the one hand, they are a means of payment, on the other hand, the obligation of the issuer, which must be fulfilled in traditional non-electronic money.

Main characteristics of electronic money:
- the monetary value is recorded on an electronic device;
- they can be used for various payments;
- the payment is final.

Unlike conventional non-cash money, electronic money exists only within the issuer's payment system and cannot be transferred to other systems unchanged. This limitation greatly simplifies the creation and maintenance of electronic money systems, which leads to a very large reduction in the cost of transactions, since all transactions occur within the system.

LEGAL AND ECONOMIC STATUS OF ELECTRONIC MONEY

Initially basics legal status and rules for the use of electronic money were enshrined in federal law dated June 27, 2011 No. 161-FZ "On the national payment system", and later - in regulations Bank of Russia. One of the latest was the Leaflet "On Electronic Money", approved by the letter of the Bank of Russia dated December 20, 2013 No. 249-T, which was recommended by the mega-regulator for examination by credit institutions and distribution among their customers - individuals.

From a legal point of view, electronic money is the issuer's perpetual monetary obligations to the bearer in electronic form, the issue (issue) of which is carried out by the issuer, both after receiving funds, in an amount not less than the volume of obligations assumed, and in the form of a loan . The circulation of electronic money is carried out by assigning the right of claim to the issuer and gives rise to the obligations of the latter to fulfill monetary obligations in the amount presented by electronic money. Accounting for monetary obligations is carried out in electronic form on a special device.

In an economic sense, electronic money is a payment instrument that, depending on the implementation scheme, has the properties of both traditional cash and traditional payment instruments (bank cards, checks, etc.): bypassing the banking system, with traditional payment instruments - the possibility of making cashless payments through accounts opened with credit institutions.

There is a fundamental difference between electronic money and ordinary non-cash money, it lies in the fact that electronic money is not a substitute for ordinary money, but is a means of payment issued by an organization, while ordinary money (cash or non-cash) is issued by the central state bank of a particular country. There is no direct relationship between non-cash funds and electronic money.

There is also a fundamental difference between electronic money and credit cards. Electronic money is a completely separate and independent means of payment, and a credit card is just one of the ways to use your bank account, all transactions take place with ordinary money, albeit in a non-cash form.

PAYMENT SYSTEMS

Just as banks are the circulatory system of the economy of any state, electronic payment systems act as the circulatory system and ecommerce these are the main, but not the only directions of their use.

Each electronic payment system issues its own electronic money, which can correspond to different real currencies. Various electronic payment systems have different level development, different functionality, different coverage network, different purpose. As a rule, electronic money of one payment system can be exchanged for the currency of another, but not always, in addition, such an operation will require a certain commission. Electronic payment systems earn on commissions that are charged for all transactions with their currency.

As a rule, electronic payment systems issue exactly as much electronic money as there is a need for them, that is, to the extent that users of the system deposit their real money to buy electronic currency. The issuance of electronic money is usually regulated by law, so electronic payment systems that are registered and operate in the territory of a particular country must adhere to these rules. However, often this does not actually happen, since electronic money is very difficult to trace, and the legislation in this area is still imperfect.

There are many electronic payment systems, however, when choosing, they are usually guided by two rules: popularity (prevalence) and reliability (degree of protection), and these factors significantly narrow the circle of considered electronic money. It is necessary to choose the most famous payment systems, since it is their currency that is supported by most online stores and sites.

Payment system WebMoney

Webmoney Transfer is the most widespread and reliable Russian electronic payment system for conducting financial transactions in real time, created for users of the Russian-speaking part of the World Wide Web. it undisputed leader among payment systems not only in Russia, but also in other CIS countries, it also has a certain circulation around the world. Legally, WebMoney Transfer is not a payment system, since it does not issue electronic money, but the so-called. title units by means of which the transfer of monetary rights of claims is carried out. The company was founded in 1998 and today there are more than 25 million participants in the WebMoney system, while WebMoney wallets are used by more than 35% of Runet users.

Anyone can become a user of the system. The means of payment in the system are title units called WebMoney, or abbreviated as WM. All WM is stored in so-called electronic wallets. In total, the system uses about a dozen electronic currencies (including special credit currencies), among which are the equivalents of the currencies of the CIS countries, world currencies of the dollar and euro, as well as gold.

The most common wallets are of three types:
WMR - ruble wallets;
WMZ - dollar wallets;
WME - euro wallets.

To use the system, a special WebMoney Keeper program is used, which can be downloaded free of charge from the system's website during registration. The level of protection of transactions is very high, so you can be sure that your money will not disappear anywhere and all transfers will reach their destination. When transferring money, a small commission is charged (0.8% of the transfer amount) in favor of the system.

The WebMoney Transfer payment system allows you to:
- carry out financial transactions and pay for goods (services) on the Internet;
- pay for the services of mobile operators, Internet and television providers, pay for a subscription to the media;
- exchange WebMoney title units for other electronic currencies at a favorable rate;
- make payments by e-mail, use a mobile phone as a wallet;
- owners of online stores accept payment for goods on their website.

Payment system Yandex Money

Yandex Money is the second most popular universal payment system on the Russian-speaking Internet. In mid-2002, Paycash entered into an agreement with the largest search engine Runet Yandex on the launch of the Yandex Money project. Currently, the system is not just a combination of reliable PayCash technology and Yandex's multi-million audience, but also a partnership with hundreds of participants. Among the partners are banks, Internet providers, online stores, post office, utilities, and other payment systems.

The main features of the Yandex Money payment system:
- pay for services (Internet access, cellular, hosting, apartment, etc.);
- accept payments on your site in more than 20 ways;
- electronic transfers between user accounts;
- buy, sell and exchange electronic currencies;
- transfer funds to a credit or debit card.

The transaction fee is 0.5% for each payment transaction. When withdrawing funds to a bank account or otherwise, the Yandex Money system withholds 3% of the amount of withdrawn funds, in addition, an additional percentage is charged directly by the transfer agent (bank, post office, etc.).

PayPal payment system

PayPal is the most popular electronic money system in the world. More than 110 million users around the world trust PayPal and use its services in thousands of online stores.

Of paramount importance in choosing PayPal is its globality. With the help of this payment system, you can make exciting shopping in online stores in the USA or China, while being a resident of Russia, Belarus or another CIS country. Due to the speed of action, funds will be transferred in a matter of seconds.

Registration in the system is absolutely free, and the time it takes to become a PayPal user is minimal. Account, opened in the PayPal system, provides a convenient transfer of funds from various financial sources for a wide variety of categories of recipients (for example, an online store) without disclosing your financial information.

The PayPal electronic payment system makes it possible to link a bank card or bank account to your account and replenish it at any time, transfer money to other accounts, pay for purchases, exchange currency. At the same time, currency exchange is performed automatically: if the sender's account is opened in a different currency than the payee's account, the system will convert this payment into the required currency. This payment system works with Visa, MasterCard and American Express cards, and more recently with Maestro.

Online wallet

For transactions with electronic money, as a rule, an electronic Wallet is used, which can be considered as an analogue of a regular wallet, or as an analogue of a bank account. From the point of view of the owner of funds, an electronic wallet usually represents a unique identifier, as well as one or more interfaces for interacting with the system, allowing you to control funds and make payments. Sometimes, to work with electronic money, you need to install special software on the user's computer.

To become a member of an electronic payment system, you need to register in it (this must be done only through the official website!) And open one or more electronic wallets, depending on the need.

Electronic money is securely protected by unique details that are used for each transaction. It is impossible to fake the details, which guarantees the safety of the virtual wallet. The lion's share of the theft of electronic money is due to the carelessness of users. The password from the electronic wallet should be complex. And you need to store it either in encrypted form on a computer (there is special programs to encrypt data), or on some non-digital medium - for example, in a notebook that is always at home. You can not tell anyone the wallet password. It is also important to follow the rules of computer security: first of all, install a good antivirus. You need to use the services of only trusted online stores. If the store is mentioned on the site of the selected payment system, then you can be sure of it. If on email a letter comes stating that the account is blocked, you should never follow the link provided.

INPUT AND WITHDRAWAL OF ELECTRONIC MONEY

You can replenish your e-wallet account in the following ways:
- in cash through a terminal or ATM that has a section of this payment system in the menu;
- transfer from a bank card;
- from a mobile phone account;
- in the office of the partner company.

When replenishing an account, a commission is usually charged. Its size depends on the chosen method of replenishment. To choose the option with the minimum commission, go to the website of the payment system. As a rule, the site has a section that lists all possible ways payment indicating the amount of the commission.

Withdrawals can also be made in various ways:
- receiving cash at the cash desk of the system operator or at a cash dispensing point;
- postal transfer to the name specified by the owner of the electronic wallet;
- bank transfer to the specified account;
- replenishment of the credit card account;
- conversion into electronic money of other systems.
Usually, a certain commission is taken for the withdrawal of funds. There are also limits on the amount of withdrawn amounts.

To withdraw funds in the Yandex Money payment system, it is enough to indicate the bank card number and confirm the operation with a password. The specified amount will be immediately withdrawn from the wallet account and transferred to the bank card account. This amount is not credited to the bank account instantly, you will need to wait, from one to three business days.

On the website of the electronic payment system, you can order a "branded" bank card, such as a Yandex Money or Webmoney card, and use these cards to pay in stores, withdraw cash from an ATM, and other transactions.

It should be noted that the gold reserve of the state does not support any electronic money system. All responsibility for certain electronic money lies with the specific system in which they are used. Based on this, such systems are best used as payment systems, without accumulating large amounts of money in their electronic wallets.

Advantages

The most important advantage of using electronic transfers is that almost all financial transactions are carried out virtually, bypassing cash transactions. You buy goods in an online store, or vice versa sell, it is most convenient to use this method of paying for purchases on the Internet.

Mobility is another plus. In any place, and at any time convenient for you, you can perform this or that operation from your electronic wallet. To do this, it is enough to have a mobile phone, computer or other device connected to the Internet. Operations can be performed 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.

Another advantage of electronic money is the speed of transfers between wallets, in almost seconds they come from one wallet to another. There is no need to go to the bank or the post office, "languish" in line to send a transfer, pay utility bills, etc. In addition to saving time, there is another argument in favor of electronic money - low commissions for money transfer operations, and sometimes their absence altogether.

Ease of use is also an important argument in favor of electronic money. Any person, even without special knowledge or experience, can become the owner of an electronic wallet, because. its creation does not cause any difficulties, and work with the account is extremely simplified.

Portability is another benefit. Electronic money does not need packaging, transportation, protection and organization of special storage facilities. No cases or safes. The most important thing is to securely store your data for entering the electronic payment system.

Anonymity is another important plus, since not everyone likes it when outsiders have the opportunity to look into his wallet.

Flaws

Along with the advantages, there are also disadvantages:
1. The main disadvantage is that the issue of electronic money is guaranteed exclusively by the issuer, the state does not give any guarantees of maintaining their solvency.
2. Electronic money exists only within the framework of the system in which it is issued. In addition, electronic money is not a generally accepted means of payment that must be accepted.
3. Transferring funds from one electronic money system to another can be quite an inconvenient and expensive operation, such a transfer is much more expensive than a transfer within the system.
4. Interest is not accrued on the balance of electronic funds, and no other remuneration is paid to the client for their use.
5. The operator is not entitled to provide the client with funds to increase the balance of electronic money. Thus, lending through electronic money is excluded.
6. Working with electronic money requires some knowledge and experience. If you are just starting to work with this type of money, I recommend operating with those amounts that you are not afraid to lose.
7. If outsiders have gained access to the wallet and the money has disappeared, there will be nowhere to turn. It will not be possible to return the stolen money, since the legal basis of this party financial activities on the Internet is not yet fully developed.

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Electronic money is a virtual currency that is equivalent to ordinary cash or non-cash funds and does not require opening a bank account.

In fact, this is money, the circulation of which occurs not in the form of paper notes, but through the introduction of computer technologies and modern system connections.

At first glance, electronic money looks like a cashless payment, but this is not entirely true. Non-cash funds were originally the usual monetary units that a person, for example, deposited in a bank account. After that, they turned into his working capital within the banking system.

Electronic money is initially, the storage of which is the Internet. They can be used by a person to pay for goods on the Internet or withdrawn to a bank card for cashing out or cashless payments. One electronic currency is equal to a fiat currency.

Flaws

Now fly in the ointment.

• Not everywhere you can pay with such a currency.
• Usually, a commission is charged for transfers to wallets of other systems.
• Dependence on the Internet: no Internet - you can not use it.
• Electronic currency is not regulated by the state.
• Restriction on the size of transfers, cashing out, etc.

Now the issue of using electronic money is relevant. Business is increasingly conducted via the Internet, and without such a currency, nowhere.

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31.10.2017 2529

More videos on our channel - learn Internet marketing with SEMANTICA Let's take an example of what kind of service it is. Larisa is a journalist. Regular business trips, employment at work. There is very little time for household chores. Utility bills are often delayed. A colleague advised me to open an electronic wallet. I chose Yandex.Money for its convenience and a wide range of functions. Now transferring money for services, phone and even insurance premiums takes several…

Electronic money - conventional means for purchases, only calculated by them on the Internet. This is similar to a bank card, many operations are carried out identically: payment for goods in any country, payment for services, and even exchange for real money in the desired currency. There are also differences that should be taken into account when making a virtual wallet.

What is "electronic money"?

Many Internet users are already actively operating with virtual money, and electronic systems specialists are struggling to overtake competitors in the provision of services. Electronic money is a term that is used in several meanings:

1. Systems of storage and transfer of national and private currencies.
2. Monetary obligations of a responsible person, which are stored on an electronic medium.
3. Instrument of payment.

Virtual wallets are indispensable for freelancers who. Such wallets are handled by EPS - electronic payment systems, performing the functions of virtual banks. Several of them work, some even interact, allowing users to transfer amounts from one wallet to another. They also create plastic cards, they are accepted by terminals. Electronic money is fixed for banks, they help to cash out funds in real currency. You can do this in two ways:

1. Through mobile.
2. Through internet banking.

Electronic money - pros and cons

New electronic money has its advantages and disadvantages, so it has not yet received too wide application. But given that their systems are constantly improving, it is possible that popularity will increase over time. Cons of electronic money:

1. Legal regulation. Virtual currency is not accepted in many countries, making a large purchase with them will not work.
2. turnover. Not everyone uses virtual currency, it is more difficult to cash it out.
3. Dependence on technology. If you are left without electricity or the Internet, access to money will be closed.

Advantages of electronic money:

1. Speed. Payment is carried out instantly, you can transfer any amount to any country.
2. Automation. All transfers are taken into account, the operation is carried out by a computer.
3. Preservation. This money cannot be spoiled or counterfeited, it cannot be lost or stolen. All transactions are securely protected by the system.
4. Protection. Hacking electronic money or a wallet is very difficult. They can steal funds if the user has used fraudulent schemes.

Advantages of electronic money

Although the Internet payment scheme is similar to by bank transfer, virtual money is still closer to cash: their circulation is personified, the details of the parties are known. The properties of electronic money give them a number of advantages:

1. The payment goes through with perfect accuracy.
2. Modest issuance price: paper and paint are not needed to create virtual money.
3. Money does not need to be counted manually, this is done by the payment instrument.
4. No security is required when storing large amounts.
5. The payment is fixed by the systems.
6. The amounts in the wallet are stored very long term, you do not need to pay interest for the service.

Disadvantages of electronic money

The use of electronic money has its disadvantages. One of the most tangible is the complete dependence on the computer on which the startup files are installed. If the PC is out of order, you will not be able to enter your wallet. There are other disadvantages:

1. Internet connection for transactions. Not everyone and not always has the ability to access the Internet, so in some cases access to funds is limited.
2. You cannot directly transfer money from one payer to another.
3. Cryptographic protection tools have not yet been sufficiently tested and tested, how they will behave in the mass use of electronic money is still unknown.

Electronic money - types

Varieties of electronic money include RUpay, Stormpay, Moneybookers, Liqpay, Single Wallet, Money Mail systems, but they are rarely used. The main thing is to decide why you need a virtual wallet so that there are no disappointments and overlays later. All systems cope with the purchase and payment of goods online within Russia, but WebMoney is the best with foreign payments. Wallets are different:

1. Replenishment method: ATM, mobile, cards.
2. Commission for the movement of funds.
3. monetary units.
4. The security level of user data and transfers.
5. The popularity of the service.

What is the best electronic money? The most popular payment systems today:

• WebMoney, accepted in all online stores, a very practical service;
• Yandex-Money, accepts only rubles, simple interface;
• Qiwi is not particularly popular in online stores, but it is easy to pay for utilities through the terminal.

Electronic money WebMoney

Electronic money systems have their own rules of use, which should be considered. One of the first appeared WebMoney Transfer, which holds a leading position in the ranking. It is used by hundreds of thousands of Russian-speaking users, but not everyone knows that in some countries it is forbidden to pay with such money. Other features:

1. The system operates with four monetary units: dollar, hryvnia, Belarusian and Russian ruble.
2. Any operations are carried out: from making payments to accepting them.
3. You can replenish your wallet at Sberbank, through cards and exchange offices.
4. A scan of your passport is enough to confirm your identity.
5. Good protection.
6. Withdrawals are allowed only to a bank account that is confirmed.
7. Commissions for transfers within the state do not take.

Electronic money Yandex

The second system popular on the Internet is, it was launched 15 years ago specifically for Russians, so it focuses only on the domestic currency. You cannot transfer money to another. How to use the Yandex-Money e-wallet:

1. Create a mailbox in Yandex, open the "Money" tab in it and click the "Open Wallet" button. Link it to a cell number.
2. The account is replenished through terminals, ATMs and bank branches, and funds are withdrawn - to a Yandex-Money card or a card from the proposed list of banks.
3. Commission for many actions is not removed.
4. Buyers can easily pay for goods or services immediately on the site.

Qiwi electronic money

Qiwi electronic virtual money is more in use within the CIS, but online stores use this system reluctantly. Many operations are carried out through terminals. Added to the positive:

1. The wallet is tied to a cell number.
2. You can put money through a mobile phone, ATM and terminal.
3. There are four currencies in use: rubles, dollars, euros and Kazakhstani tenge.
4. Payment goes through the terminal or card.
5. The commission is within 2% for all transactions.

Paypal electronic money

By European standards, the best electronic money is PayPal from eBay, which is accepted in 203 countries. The system has recently added support for new currencies. Unlike other services, PayPal works with real money, the card or account is linked to the user's account. This system appeared in Russia in 2003, but the Russians were able to receive and withdraw funds only four years ago. Therefore, it is not particularly popular among compatriots, customers rarely offer such a wallet to freelancers.

From advantageous sides PayPal experts call:

1. Many types of operations.
2. Working with money on the mobile version.
3. Sending invoices for payment by mail.
4. Withdrawals every day.

Electronic money Easypay

Recently appeared the new kind electronic money - Easypay, this is the virtual currency of Belarus, the calculation is in local rubles. Created as an alternative to WebMoney. Reliable security system, no analogues - one-time control codes. There are other benefits too:

1. Transfers are made via the Internet and mobile phone.
2. It is easy to add money to the account at the cash desk or post office.
3. Commission within the country - 2%, for the withdrawal of money - 1.5%.

Some activities are free of charge:

• purchases in online stores in Belarus;
• replenishment of mobile;
• payment for Internet services;
• communal payments;
• charity;
• cinema and theater tickets.

Electronic money Bitcoin

The new electronic money bitcoin is called an innovative breakthrough in the business networks of the Internet, a kind of analogue of communism in the virtual. Authorship is attributed to Satoshi Nikamoto, bitcoins are stored in special wallets, you can replenish and withdraw money. Surprising growth in cost and universal popularity, despite the fact that this system does not have an owner and even an administrator, it is impossible to influence transfers from outside. There is no commission either, only payment to miners for supporting transactions.

Bitcoin is a special electronic money, they are characterized by:

1. Independence. The system is completely independent.
2. Limitation in bitcoin stocks.
3. Complete anonymity. It is impossible to calculate the owner's wallet numbers.
4. No intermediaries. You don’t need a bank to transfer units, but the downside is that you won’t be able to cancel the payment.
5. Illegalization. Many governments call them illegal.
6. instability course.

How to earn electronic money?

How to earn electronic money on the Internet - this question is asked daily by thousands of online users. It is quite possible to find an occupation that will generate income online, but these are not very large amounts. There is trading on the stock exchange, but for this you need to have knowledge and start-up capital. There are niches with more modest profits than from financial transactions.

If we discard a lot of fraudulent schemes, then these types of earnings really bring income:

1. Own sites.
2. postal services.
3. Sale of texts.
4. Networks of referrals in commercial projects.
5. Partnership programs.
6. Internet shops.
7. Earnings on online games.
8. Providing various services.