YouTube presentation on the topic of conventional means of destruction. Modern conventional means of destruction. If the fire mixture gets on personal protective equipment or clothing

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Presentation on the topic " Modern means defeat" can be downloaded absolutely free of charge on our website. Subject of the project: OBZH. Colorful slides and illustrations will help you interest your classmates or the audience. To view the content, use the player, or if you want to download the report, click on the appropriate text under the player. The presentation contains 17 slide(s).

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Weapons of mass destruction

A weapon designed to inflict mass casualties or destruction over a large area. The damaging factors of weapons of mass destruction, as a rule, continue to cause damage for a long time. WMD also demoralizes both the troops and the civilian population. Comparable consequences may also occur in the case of the use of conventional weapons or the commission of terrorist acts on ecologically dangerous objects such as nuclear power plants, dams and waterworks, chemical plants, etc. The following types of weapons of mass destruction are in service with modern states: chemical weapons biological weapons nuclear weapons

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Biological weapons

Pathogenic microorganisms or their spores, viruses, bacterial toxins, infected animals, as well as their means of delivery, designed to mass destruction of enemy personnel, farm animals, crops, as well as damage to certain types of military materials and equipment.

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The damaging factor

As bacterial (biological) means to defeat people, the enemy can use pathogenic microbes - the causative agents of plague, cholera, smallpox, tularemia, etc., and toxins - poisons secreted by certain microbes. External signs bacteriological (biological) contamination are the formation of an aerosol cloud after an explosion of ammunition, as well as the appearance of a large number of insects in places where bombs and containers fall. Shelters equipped with filter-ventilation installations, anti-radiation shelters, means personal protection respiratory organs and skin, as well as special means of anti-epidemic protection: preventive vaccinations, sera, antibiotics.

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Chemical weapon

Weapons of mass destruction, the action of which is based on the toxic properties of toxic substances, and the means of their use: shells, rockets, mines, aerial bombs, VAPs (pouring aviation devices). Along with nuclear and biological weapons, it refers to weapons of mass destruction (WMD).

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Toxic chemicals

Mustard Lewisite Phosgene Fluorine Sarin

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Nuclear weapon

The totality of nuclear weapons, their means of delivery to the target and controls. Nuclear ammunition is an explosive weapon based on the use of nuclear energy released during a chain nuclear fission reaction of heavy nuclei and / or a thermonuclear fusion reaction of light nuclei.

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Classification of nuclear weapons

* "Nuclear" - single-phase or single-stage devices in which the main energy output comes from a nuclear fission reaction heavy elements(uranium-235 or plutonium) with the formation of lighter elements. * "Hydrogen" - two-phase or two-stage devices in which two physical processes sequentially develop, localized in different areas of space: at the first stage, the main source of energy is the nuclear fission reaction, and at the second, fission and thermonuclear fusion reactions are used in different proportions, depending on the type and configuration of ammunition. The first stage starts the second, during which the largest part of the energy of the explosion is released. The term thermonuclear weapon is used as a synonym for "hydrogen".

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shock wave

The shock wave propagates with great speed, so, in the first 2 s it travels 1 km, in 5 s - 2 km, in 8 s - 3 km. The shock wave in most cases is the main damaging factor and has great destructive power. The degree of damage to manpower depends on the power and type of explosion, the distance from the place of the explosion and on the use of the protective properties of the terrain, fortifications and standard equipment. The shock wave causes injuries of varying severity. Trenches and other defensive structures are good protection against shock waves. So, an open trench reduces the radius of damage by 1.5-2 times.

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light emission

Light radiation - a stream of ultraviolet and infrared radiation, propagating almost instantly in all directions from the explosion site. It can cause burns to exposed skin, damage to the eyes, ignite some parts of weapons and equipment, and even melt metal. A great danger to the human eye is light radiation at night.

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penetrating radiation

Penetrating radiation is a stream of gamma rays and neutrons that propagate from the moment of the explosion in all directions within 10-15 s. The damaging effect of penetrating radiation is based on the ability of gamma rays and neutrons to ionize the atoms that make up living tissues. As a result, the human body is disturbed life processes and high doses cause radiation sickness.

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radioactive contamination

Radioactive contamination is formed by the fission of a nuclear charge and radioactive isotopes, formed as a result of the impact of neutrons on the materials from which a nuclear weapon is made, and penetrating radiation - into some elements that make up the soil in the explosion area. Radiation of radioactive substances also cause radiation sickness in humans. Damage is determined by the magnitude of the dose of radiation and the time during which it is received. Protection from ionizing radiation of radioactive contamination are various engineering structures and other shelters.

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"Means of individual protection of the population" - Self-rescuers. Cotton-gauze bandage. The value of antidotes. Types of medical property. RPE classification. Additional (hopkalite) cartridges. Civilian gas masks and respirators. The bag is medical sanitary. Application of IPP-8. The rule of using a gas mask. PPE classification. It is best to use rubber boots to protect your feet.

"Means of collective protection" - Shelter plan. Emergency exits of shelters. Protective ventilated suit and light protective suit L-1. Gas masks GP - 7 and training in civil defense. Shelter plan. Self-rescuers "Condor" and "Phoenix". Respirators RU - 60, RPG - 67, "Petal". Gas masks GP - 7. Plan of a prefabricated shelter. Protective gas mask for children PDF-2D(sh).

"Personal protective equipment for organs" - Types of means of providing primary care. Means of respiratory protection (gas masks). The first aid kit is individual. Individual dressing package. Personal protective equipment for skin filtering type. FPC (filtering-absorbing gas mask box). medical property. The simplest means of protecting the skin. Hand tools.

"Means of protecting the population" - Basic principles and methods for protecting personnel of economic facilities. Medical protection measures. urgent work in emergency zones. Combined arms protective kits. Principles of protection of the population. A man with his constitutional rights. Basic principles of organization and management civil defense. Civil defense.

"Personal protective equipment" - Cotton-gauze bandage. Civil gas mask GP-5. Products can be used in all climatic regions. Filtering gas masks GP-5 (GP-5M and GP-7, GR-7V). Gas and smoke protection kit. Respirators R-2, ShB-1 (petal). Anti-dust fabric mask. Sizing. The gas mask is produced in 2 modifications GP-7 and GP-7V, which differ in the design of the front parts.

"Protective means" - Personal protective equipment. Respiratory protective equipment includes gas masks, respirators, cotton-gauze bandages. Means protecting the skin from harmful sources are protective suits. Eye protection equipment includes special glasses. Personal protective equipment (PPE) - products designed to protect the skin and respiratory organs from exposure to toxic substances and / or harmful impurities in the air.

There are 12 presentations in total in the topic

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fragmentation ammunition

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BALL ANTI-PERSONNEL BOMBS AND MINES They can be the size of a tennis ball to a soccer ball and contain up to 200 striking elements 5-6 mm in size. The radius of destruction of one such bomb is from 1.5 to 15 meters. Used in cassettes containing 96 - 640 bombs. The radius of spread of striking elements is up to 250 thousand square meters.

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ARE DESIGNED TO DESTROY LARGE GROUND OBJECTS (INDUSTRIAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE BUILDINGS, RAILWAY JOINTS, ETC.) THE CALIBER OF SUCH BOMB CAN BE FROM 50 TO 10000 KG. THE MAIN MEANS OF DELIVERY OF HIGH-EXPLOSIVE AIRBOMBS (FAB) ARE AIRCRAFT.

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DESIGNED TO DESTROY ARMORED TARGETS. PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION - BURNING THE OBSTACLES WITH A POWERFUL JET OF GAS OF HIGH DENSITY WITH A TEMPERATURE OF 6000 -7000 DEGREES. FOCUSED DETONATION PRODUCTS ARE ABLE TO BURN HOLES IN ARMORED COVERINGS A THICKNESS OF SEVERAL DOZENS OF CENTIMETERS.

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DESIGNED FOR DESTRUCTION OF AIRWAYS AND OTHER OBJECTS WITH CONCRETE COVERING. CONCRETE BOMB "DURANDAL" WEIGHT 195 kg AND LONG 2.7 m, HAS A WEIGHT OF 100 kg warhead. IT IS ABLE TO PUNCH CONCRETE FLOORS WITH A THICKNESS OF UP TO 70 cm. HAVING PUNCHED THE CONCRETE, THE BOMB EXPLODES (SOMETIMES WITH SLOW DOWN), FORMING A FUNNEL 2 DEPTH AND 5 METERS DIAMETER.

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VOLUMETRIC EXPLOSION AMMUNITION IS INTENDED TO DESTROY PEOPLE, BUILDINGS, STRUCTURES AND EQUIPMENT BY AIR SHOCK WAVE AND FIRE. THEY USE SPECIAL GAS-AIR MIXTURES. THE PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION IS IN SPRAYING SUCH MIXTURES IN THE AIR WITH THE SUBSEQUENT EXPLOSION OF THE FORMED AEROSOL CLOUD. THE EXPLOSION PROVIDES HUGE PRESSURE.

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NAPALM The most effective fire mixture is NAPALM. It consists of gasoline (90 -97%) and thickener powder (3 - 10%). Napalm ignites well even on wet surfaces, it is able to create a high-temperature focus (1000 - 1200 degrees) with a burning time of 5 - 10 minutes. It is lighter than water, so it floats on its surface, while maintaining the ability to burn.

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Metallized incendiary mixtures "Electron" - an alloy of magnesium (96%) and aluminum (3%) and other elements ignites at 600 degrees. And it burns with a dazzling white or bluish flame, reaching a temperature of 2800 degrees. It is used for the manufacture of shells of incendiary bombs.

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THERMITE COMPOSITIONS Compressed powder of aluminum and oxides of refractory metals. Burning thermite heats up to 3000 degrees. At this temperature, concrete and brick crack, steel burns.

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WHITE PHOSPHORUS It is a translucent wax-like solid. It is able to ignite spontaneously by combining with atmospheric oxygen. The temperature of the flame in this case is 900 - 1200 degrees. It is mainly used as a napalm igniter and smoke generating agent.

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If the fire mixture gets on personal protective equipment or clothing: Clothing or a protective suit must be quickly discarded; Cover a small amount of an incendiary substance on clothing or an open area of ​​the skin tightly with sleeves, hollow clothing, turf, soil, sand, silt, etc.; You can't run, because this will intensify the combustion process and lead to a more severe defeat; If a person gets a large amount of fire mixture, then they throw a cape, jacket, burlap on him and press him to the ground. If there is a body of water nearby, you need to dive into the water without taking off your clothes; Do not use a fire extinguisher to extinguish napalm on the victim.

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A winged missile is usually a single-launch unmanned aerial vehicle equipped with wings, a guidance system, and an air-breathing engine. At the same time, there were designs, both having rocket engines and controlled by suicide pilots. Obsolete names - projectile plane, planning bomb. cruise missile"Tomahawk" USA in flight RCC P-800 "O Knicks", Russia

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A ballistic missile is a type of missile weapon. It performs most of the flight along a ballistic trajectory, that is, it is in uncontrolled motion. According to the field of application, ballistic missiles are divided into strategic and tactical. You can often see the division of missiles by range, although there is no generally accepted standard classification of missiles by range. Short-range ballistic missiles (up to 1000 kilometers). Medium-range ballistic missiles (from 1000 to 5500 kilometers). Intercontinental ballistic missiles (over 5500 kilometers). ICBMs and medium-range missiles are often used as strategic missiles and equipped with nuclear warheads. Their advantage over aircraft is their short approach time (less than half an hour at an intercontinental range) and the greater speed of the warhead, which makes it very difficult to intercept them even with a modern missile defense system.

Modern conventional Modern conventional means of destruction means of destruction Lecturer-organizer of life safety Degtyarev A.I.

Munitions and conventional weapons systems Conventional weapons and weapons systems mixtures (artillery, rocket and mixtures (artillery, rocket and aviation ammunition, small arms aviation ammunition, small arms, mines, incendiary weapons, mines, incendiary ammunition and fire mixtures), as well as cold ammunition and fire mixtures), as well as edged weapons. weapon.

High-precision weapons reconnaissance-strike, anti-aircraft and anti-tank missile systems. anti-aircraft and anti-tank missile systems. Cruise missile "Tomahawk" Guided ballistic missile Aviation Cruise missile "Tomahawk" Guided ballistic missile

High-explosive ammunition High-explosive ammunition Designed to destroy shock Designed to defeat shock waves and fragments of large ground waves and fragments of large ground objects (industrial and administrative facilities (industrial and administrative buildings, railway junctions, etc.). buildings, railway junctions and etc.). The mass of such a bomb may be The mass of such a bomb may be from 50 to 10,000 kg. Fixed assets from 50 to 10,000 kg. The main means of delivering high-explosive bombs are aircraft. delivery of explosive bombs - aircraft.

Hand-held fragmentation grenades Hand-held fragmentation grenades Actively used both in defense and in offensive action to destroy manpower offensively to destroy enemy manpower. enemy. M26, M61 hand grenades (USA) M26, M61 hand grenades (USA) M61 fragmentation grenade (USA) M61 grenade (USA)

Grenade launchers Grenade launchers Currently, each motorized rifle unit Currently, each motorized rifle unit is armed with hand grenade launchers. The range is armed with hand grenade launchers. The range of a grenade launcher depending on the model, 200 grenade launchers depending on the model, 200 - 500 meters. - 500 meters. RG25,30 underbarrel 6G30revolver GM

Aviation fragmentation munitions Aviation fragmentation munitions are used to destroy people and are used to defeat people and animals. When the bomb explodes, a large animal is formed. When a bomb explodes, a large number of fragments are formed, which scatter into different numbers of fragments, which scatter in different directions at a distance of 300 meters. sides at a distance of 300 meters.

Ball (cluster) anti-personnel bombs Ball (cluster) anti-personnel bombs bombs Can be the size of a tennis ball Can be the size of a tennis ball to a soccer ball and contain up to a soccer ball and contain up to 200 metal or up to 200 metal or plastic balls with a diameter of 5 - 6 mm. plastic balls with a diameter of 5 - 6 mm. The radius of destruction of such a bomb is in The radius of destruction of such a bomb, depending on the caliber, is 1.5 - 15, depending on the caliber, it is 1.5 - 15 meters. meters.

Ammunition of volumetric explosion Ammunition of volumetric explosion They use liquid hydrocarbon fuel as a combat charge: ethylene oxide or liquid hydrocarbon fuel: ethylene or propylene oxide, methane. propylene, methane.

HEAT munitions HEAT munitions Designed to destroy Designed to destroy armored targets. armored targets. cumulative effect cumulative effect

Concrete-piercing ammunition Concrete-piercing ammunition Designed for destruction of airfields Designed for destruction of runways of airfields and other objects, runways of airfields and other objects with a concrete coating. covered with concrete.

Incendiary Weapons Incendiary Weapons Incendiary substances are called substances and mixtures, which are such substances and mixtures that have a damaging effect, have a damaging effect as a result of high temperature, as a result of the high temperature created during their combustion. created when they burn. Incendiary weapons are subdivided into: Incendiary weapons are subdivided into: incendiary mixtures (napalms); incendiary mixtures (napalm); metallized incendiary metallized incendiary mixtures based on petroleum products mixtures based on petroleum products (pyrogel); (pyrogel); thermite and thermite compounds; thermite and thermite compounds; white phosphorus. white phosphorus.