Semi-automatic dowel cutter for double-sided milling of round dowels TF. CNC oval tenon cutter Balestrini PICO CN Adjustment of tenon dimensions

SPECIFICATIONS

Tenoning machine designed to form round, oval and rectangular spikes at various angles. The programmable logic controller (PLC) allows you to get up to 800 spikes per hour, with impeccable processing quality.

Axis drives, instead of a mechanical copying unit, allow you to get uniform and accurate movement at any point on the part. CNC tenoning machine tables remain stationary during processing. The only possible adjustment is to change the angle of inclination. The clamping of parts is carried out by cylinders with rods, which exclude the scrolling of the thrust pad.

The control unit is a programmer that can store 150 or 250 work programs. The LCD monitor located on the control panel has a size of 5.4". The milling speed can reach 15 m/min.

To create work programs, a simple and convenient environment is used, which allows you to create a new program step by step. Also, programs can be created using macros, where the operator will initially determine the tenon geometry and other processing parameters. In accordance with the selected type of tenon, the program will determine the entry / exit points of the tool, which eliminates the possibility of chipping.

Due to the fact that the tables of the tenoning machine are stationary, the machine can be equipped with reliable and compact casings that protect the operator from the risk of injury during operation, as well as reduce noise during processing.

The main advantages of the PICO CN machine:

There is no mechanical copy unit in the design of the tenoning machine, which allows to achieve better processing quality at higher milling speeds;

Digital drives provide uniform and accurate movement of the cutter at any point in the trajectory;

The time of reconfiguration from one program to another is a matter of seconds (selecting another program from the list);

The software determines the point of entry and exit of the tool, and also regulates the trajectory of movement, minimizing the chances of chipping;

Technical characteristics of tenoning machine:

Productivity, - up to 800 spikes/hour;

The maximum width of the spike, - 190 mm;

The maximum thickness of a thorn, - 100 mm;

The maximum depth of the spike, - 50 (100) mm;

Frontal tilt angle of the table, - 5 ... +20 degrees;

17.09.2018

Some elements of furniture or joinery are interconnected “on a spike”. A spike is a protrusion at the end of one of the two blanks, which enters the groove provided in the other. In this case, the landing dimensions of the thorn and groove are the same. "Thorn groove" is considered one of the strongest connections. As accurately as possible, only a tenoning machine can prepare certain parts for joining such a plan.

Below we will consider the features, characteristics and principle of operation of this equipment.

Machine classification

A spike is a rather labor-intensive element in execution. In addition to reliable connection of components, it helps to lengthen the finished structure. It is almost impossible to manually make a spike and a groove on two workpieces to create a tight connection. For these purposes, specialized equipment is used.

According to the type of profile, the spike happens:

• box (single, double, multiple);
• round;
• oval;
• type "dovetail" in the form of an isosceles trapezoid;
• jagged;
• eye;
• in the dark;
• in semi-darkness.

Machine tools are divided according to the type of spikes manufactured into three groups:




1. Equipment for the production of spikes for window, frame, door structures.

Spikes in this case are divided into:

• unilateral,
• bilateral,
• returnable,
• walk-throughs.

The working body is saws or cutters for a tenoning machine (horizontal or vertical). The tenoning milling machine produces a straight tenon or lugs that connect the segments of frame or frame structures.

1. Machines for dovetail spikes. They are used in the mass production of furniture and joinery. They differ from those previously named by more reliable fixation of the segments.


1. Automatic CNC machines. With their help, complex connections are made - round and oval. Spikes are subject to stringent precision requirements, so most of the work is done by machinery and human intervention is kept to a minimum.




The key requirement for the machine is the high precision of the connection elements. If it is not observed, the components will not be able to properly dock with each other. The connection will be impossible or at least not tight, which will entail additional costs for raw materials.

Scope of use

In addition to carpentry and the manufacture of furniture structures, CNC machines for furniture production are used to solve a number of other tasks. So, with the help of a tenon cutter, you can:

• process chipboard or calibrated wood panels;
• adjust the elements of door frames or window frames around the perimeter;
• produce parquet board.

Tenoning machines are absolutely indispensable at production bases, where they are used for high-precision splicing of wooden blanks.

The process includes the following steps:

1. The equipment cuts toothed spikes on the side surface of the parts.
2. The resulting teeth are coated with special glue and rigidly joined.
3. The blanks are placed under the press and kept there for some time.




The above steps are performed automatically. The operator only sets the parameters of work, after which he controls the work of the tenon cutter and the press.

Machine Specifications

Settings that allow you to get the same type of stud may differ in several ways. The technical characteristics of the devices are indicated in the passport for the product.

The list of the most significant technical parameters that you need to pay attention to when choosing a woodworking tenoning machine are:

• maximum size of processed workpieces;
• the maximum width of the spike being created (or another value - diameter, side of the trapezoid, etc.);
• the maximum available cross section of the spike;
• spindle speed (responsible for the speed and quality of processing);
• electric motor power;
• type of electrical network to power the motor (some models are powered by a single-phase 220 V network, others need a three-phase line with a voltage of 380 V);
• installation dimensions (the larger the dimensions, the weaker the vibration);
• weight of the machine (affects the ease of transportation of the unit);
• the type of stud the device is equipped to produce.

A CNC tenoning and slotting machine for wood during operation rarely moves from place to place, so it is necessary to evaluate the unit in terms of size and weight last - the quality of the geometry of the resulting tenons is much more important.




The principle of operation of the device

It happens that the user needs to make four spike connections for his own assembled pigtails or door frame. Before starting operation, it is necessary to thoroughly study the specifics of the machine and the safety rules in the attached instructions. Processing wood blanks on a tenoning machine will allow you to achieve greater accuracy in size than if you do it yourself with a conventional tool.

Making spikes using a machine includes six steps:

1. Laying wood blanks on the work table.
2. Surface marking.
3. Cutting according to design dimensions.
4. Equipping the working head of the machine bed with a cutter of the required size.
5. Milling work with the workpiece.
6. If necessary, the surface is trimmed so that the edges of the workpieces are aligned.

As a result, blanks with spikes or lugs of a given shape are obtained. Compliance with the above sequence of actions is a guarantee of the high quality of the resulting components.

Tenoning machines are used not only in carpentry workshops or in mass production of furniture. They are also bought for periodic carpentry work at home. Such machines have the functionality of both a milling cutter and a tenon cutter at the same time, and are also characterized by:

• low weight,
• ergonomics,
• low power,
• the presence in the design of a miniature carriage.

Large manufacturing enterprises use high-tech, powerful and fully automated CNC machines.

CNC allows you to make spikes in all the variety of characteristics - just set the desired parameters. The settings are easy to set up, easy to master, and the operator only occasionally checks the equipment for correct operation.




Operation features

The tenon cutter, like any other industrial equipment, requires the operator to have certain skills and knowledge of safety.

Below we provide some interesting facts and tips for the operation of tenoning machines:

1. Large enterprises have long been convinced of the merits of installing equipment on the ceiling. For this, the machine can be equipped with special clamping structures. Reception of wood is carried out by scoring saws. The workpiece is fed to the miter saw, and a pair of removable milling cutters completes the processing.
2. The higher the spindle speed, the more accurate and high-quality the spikes with grooves are. The minimum frequency of movement of the element is 7000 rpm.
3. Structurally, the tenon cutter provides for the simultaneous use of several woodworking tools at once.
4. It is possible to complete the equipment with extensions of the working table and clamping mechanisms of pneumatic type.

The use of the machine makes it possible to significantly optimize the mass production of structures in which the tongue-and-groove connection is implemented. If the enterprise operates in a moderate mode, and the equipment is purchased as an alternative to high-performance industrial lines, significant savings can be made on its purchase.

With the help of a tenoning machine, even voluminous decorative elements are obtained. Cutting parts with a complex contour is also not a problem. And compactness, ease of operation, and high speed of parameter adjustment make the CNC tenon cutter an indispensable assistant in any production.

The tenoning machine is designed to form round and oval tenons at various angles. The design of the copy unit allows for high processing accuracy with a productivity of 600 to 800 spikes / h.

The fixed tables of the tenoning machine, on which the workpiece is located, guarantee the absence of vibrations, regardless of the length of the parts.

Benefits of a tenoning machine

• Possibility to stop the spike processing process at any moment of the cycle (Balestrini patent);
• High processing accuracy, because the workpiece is stationary during operation, and the block with the cutting tool moves;
• Possibility of processing long parts without the use of special supports (application: parts of beds, benches, garden furniture, etc.);
• The ability to almost completely close the tool, leaving only the space for feeding workpieces, which has a positive effect on operator safety, and also reduces noise.

Design features of the tenoning machine

The tenoning machine works using Balestrini's patented "anti-splintering cycle". In order to avoid chipping, cutting should occur from the outside to the inside. To ensure this, the starting position of the tool must change, depending on which table, right or left, is being processed.

Diagram "A" shows the traditional "anti-scalp cycle" scheme.
And diagram "B" shows a diagram of the "anti-splintering cycle" used on a tenoning machine.
The new system prevents the tool from re-passing the finished stud, ensuring high quality and increasing productivity.



The tenoning machine has the ability to adjust the tables in height, in the transverse and frontal directions, as well as tilt. All adjustments are made using handwheels or wrenches (which are part of the basic tenoning machines). All adjustments have scales, as well as fixed zero points calibrated during the manufacture of the tenoning machine.
The position of the desktop is securely fixed with the help of comfortable handles.


Setting the tenon size

Two digital size indicators located on the back side of the tenoning machine help to fine-tune the length and thickness of the resulting tenon. Depth
the spike is adjusted by the tool. The inclination of the spike from 0 to 90 degrees relative to its axis is carried out by turning the working unit relative to the radius scale. This model of tenoning machine is equipped with mechanical locks for the angle of inclination in any position.




The patented anti-splinter machining cycle guarantees high precision machining without loss in productivity.

The adjustable cutter head is supplied with standard blades.



Included in the delivery of the PICO tenoning machine

• Adjustable cutter with indexable carbide inserts;
• Guide calipers with stops for setting the length of the workpiece;
• Service keys;
• User's manual.

On request

• Replaceable knife plastics;
• Increasing the width of the spike up to 200 mm, which allows you to work with the backs of chairs.

The basic machine, without which it is very difficult to obtain high quality finished products, with good performance. The PICO tenoning machine is suitable for small enterprises as a key machine, together with the MICRON machine, creating a tenoning pair. Large enterprises find use for tenoning machines in the manufacture of small series of products, as well as in experimental areas.

Description of Balestrini PICO CN Oval Tenon Cutter

• Condition: excellent.
• Producer: Balestrini (Italy)
• Delivery to any city in Russia and Belarus.
• Installation and adjustment of machine tools at your production.

The tenon cutting machine is designed to form round, oval and rectangular tenons at various angles. The programmable logic controller (PLC) allows you to get up to 800 spikes per hour, with impeccable processing quality.

Machine advantages:

• The design of the machine does not have a mechanical copy unit, which allows you to significantly increase the speed, while maintaining the highest processing accuracy.
• Axis drives allow you to get uniform and accurate movement at any point of the part;
• The speed of reconfiguring from one spike size to another takes seconds (selecting a new program from the list);
• The software optimizes the movement of the working unit and determines the point of entry and exit of the cutter, completely eliminating chips;
• Theoretically, the dimensions of the spike are limited only by the dimensions of the protective covers;
• The speed of the working movement of the cutter reaches 15 m/min.

Design features:

• Axis drives allow you to get uniform and accurate movement at any point of the part.
• CNC tenoning machine tables remain stationary during processing. The only possible adjustment is to change the angle of inclination. The clamping of parts is carried out by cylinders with rods, which exclude the scrolling of the thrust pad.
• The control unit is a programmer that can store up to 1000 work programs. The LCD monitor located on the control panel has a size of 5.4". The milling speed can reach 15 m/min.
• To create work programs, a simple and convenient environment is used, which allows you to create a new program step by step. Also, programs can be created using macros, where the operator will initially determine the tenon geometry and other processing parameters. In accordance with the selected type of tenon, the program will determine the entry / exit points of the tool, which eliminates the possibility of chipping.
• Due to the fact that the tables of the tenoning machine are stationary, the machine can be equipped with reliable and compact casings that protect the operator from the risk of injury during operation, as well as reduce noise during processing.

Specifications PICO CN

Name	Meaning
Productivity, spikes/hour	800
Maximum spike width, mm	190
Maximum spike thickness, mm	100
Maximum spike depth, mm	50(100)
Front tilt of the table, °	+5°-20
Lateral tilt of the table (adjustable by software)	Not limited
Angle of rotation of the ruler on the table, °	45
Tool rotation speed, rpm	9000-12000
Main engine power, kW	3
Overall dimensions, m	1.3 x 1.2 x 1.6
Machine weight, kg	860

for making vertical and horizontal rounded dowels on straight or curved parts

Advantages all settings are made quickly and easily with a single key due to the pendulum operation of the tables, downtime of the machine is reduced to a minimum accurate, in the long-term operation of the machine, setting the spike and moving the table are achieved by 2 powerful horizontal pneumatic cylinders and moving along a vertical guide made in the form of a dovetail the operator can, depending on the type of wood, the angle of location, the texture and the complexity of the tenon, easily adjust the speed of cutting the tenon the machine is controlled by an electronic card (P/C), which makes it easy to identify a malfunction when it occurs the bed is cast from gray cast iron with subsequent precision machining two work tables, also made of cast iron, perfectly ground and aligned for the most accurate tenon cutting work tables move along flat rails made of special anti-friction material work tables independently of each other are easily adjusted in height and angle of rotation work tables are alternately brought to the processing spindle, allowing the operator to change the part on another table in one work cycle 2 powerful horizontal table movement cylinders Easily adjustable to any tenon size combined milling cutter with interchangeable cutting blades, with anti-splintering undercutters - in the basic configuration of the machine

Options, descriptions

The machine mills both horizontal and vertical oval spikes with chamfers and undercutting at the base on a straight or curved part (as a rule, sides of chairs, tables, furniture frames, etc.). The two fixed work tables are independently height and tilt adjustable. The cutter runs on each table in turn, allowing the operator to place a part on one table while the other is processing. Thus, the loss of working time is reduced and, accordingly, productivity is increased. The tenon milling speed is adjustable and is selected by the operator depending on the material being processed and the dimensions of the tenon. All operations of the machine are controlled by the PLC, which, moreover, performs self-diagnosis of all electronic components of the machine and can immediately determine which element is faulty by indicating on the PLC. In addition, the machine has an anti-splintering cycle mode to avoid chipping on the spike at the end of the milling cycle. As standard, the machine is equipped with mechanical counters for quick changeover and setting the thickness and height of the spike. The length of the spike is adjustable on the cutter.