Pavel Pavlovich Kutsko Column of the department of radio-electronic industry. We do not see direct investments of foreign companies in Russian electronics
1. Increasing the efficiency of coordinating management of the creation of new dual-use microelectronic products.
1.1. Geopolitical position of Russia.
1.2. Modern weapons and military equipment and the tasks of developing the domestic microelement base.
1.3. Problems of managing enterprises of the domestic electronic industry in the transition period.
1.4. Tasks of development of means of automation of coordination management of designing and production of new dual-use microelectronic products. Statement of the research problem.
2. Formation of a unified integrated information environment for the coordination management of the development and production of dual-use microelectronic products.
2.1. Target tasks of coordination management and application of information technologies for their solution.
2.2. Methodological and organizational basis system unity of the information space for the coordination management of the design and production of dual-purpose microcircuits.
2.3. Linguistic and Information Support basic tools for coordinating management of electronic industry enterprises.
2.4. Principles of coordination management in the information system of enterprise management.
2.5. The architecture of the information system for the coordination management of electronic industry enterprises in the creation of dual-purpose microcircuits.
3. Development of problem-oriented mathematical and software for coordination management.
3.1. Substantiation of the structure of problem-oriented software and its unification.
3.2. Models for describing the characteristics of electronic industry enterprises and forming their rating when implementing the tasks of monitoring EP enterprises.
3.3. Formation of the legislative and legal basis for the coordination management and the main activities of the integrated target program development of electronic component base.
3.4. Information technologies for solving the problems of managing certification and licensing of electronic industry enterprises, conducting prospective research and analyzing sales.
3.5. Long-term forecasting of ECB development.
3.6. Mathematical models of conducting and monitoring the implementation of projects.
4. Implementation of a system of coordinating management in the electronics industry.
4.1. Integration and implementation of technical means of control automation.-.*:.
4.2. Implementation features software package interaction management of electronic industry enterprises.
4.3. Implementation of a management system, evaluation of its effectiveness and development of methodological support.
4.4. Methodological support for improving management and decision-making mechanisms in order to increase the efficiency of their functioning.
Recommended list of dissertations
Managing the development and production of next-generation dual-use chips 2010, Doctor of Technical Sciences Fortinsky, Yuri Kirovich
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Introduction to the thesis (part of the abstract) on the topic "Coordinating management of enterprises that create a dual-use electronic component base"
The relevance of the work. The level of development of the electronic industry (EP) of the Russian Federation determines scientific and technical progress in the leading sectors of the economy and the defense complex. The main tactical and technical parameters and the effectiveness of the use of most weapons and military equipment (AME) is determined by the level of development of specialized computing and radio engineering systems (ViRTS). In turn, it unequivocally depends on the characteristics of the electronic component base (ECB), on the basis of which they are created.
Specialized computing and radio engineering systems are the basis for the development of control systems (CS) for military and civilian purposes. These primarily include the control systems of the nuclear deterrence forces (SNF), missile defense, air defense, aviation and space aircraft, high-precision weapons, command posts, etc., as well as objects of increased danger: nuclear power plants, nuclear reactors, chemical industries, technical complexes for scientific research, etc.
Therefore, the development of domestic ED is a priority area of the technical policy of the Russian Federation. In 2006, by order of the Government of the Russian Federation, a program was developed and adopted strategic development EP. It attaches particular importance to solving the problems of development and production of modern technological equipment with a level of technical parameters corresponding to the best world standards; the necessary range and quantity of electronic components with increased resistance to radiation and electromagnetic radiation of high intensity, including ultra-high-speed VLSI, sets of digital signal processing LSI, digital-to-analog and analog-to-digital converters, etc.; development of breakthrough technologies - micro-mechanotronics, nanoelectronics, neural systems, homogeneous computing environments, etc.
A change in the methodology for automating the design and production of microelectronic products in advanced countries and the high efficiency of its application required changes in the structural reorganization of EP enterprises - the creation of a network of design centers (DC) for the design of VLSI and silicon workshops (SMS) for their production.
A state that has a developed network of DCs and CMs, in addition to income from the sale of highly paid intellectual labor, gains independence in creating the most modern WiRTS in the interests of developing all sectors of the economy, including defense industry and strong positions in the world. In our country, there is both a need and all the prerequisites for creating a national network of DCs and CMs for the design and production of VLSI on the basis of microelectronics enterprises and electronic departments of universities.
The creation of DCs and CMs is a "very complex and expensive problem requiring the accumulation of large financial resources necessary to equip them with modern computer technology and technological equipment. In accordance with the adopted program of strategic development. The EP provides for their allocation from the state budget and the creation in the near future of several dozen DCs and CMs.
The most important task of ensuring the efficiency of the EP enterprises is the use of modern information technologies (IT) to automate the management and implementation of the processes of creating a modern ECB.
They are of paramount importance in the information systems of coordinating control (CU) of EP enterprises engaged in the development and production of special ECB in the interests of the defense complex and for building ViRTS for the management of especially dangerous civilian facilities (hereinafter referred to as dual-use microelectronic products). The introduction of these systems should ensure the effective interaction of enterprises, the process of defect-free design and production of new products with a significant reduction in the time of their creation.
Therefore, within the framework of this work, the task was set to create a unified information system for CG by the basic enterprises of EP and their interaction in the development and production of dual-use microelectronic products.
The dissertation was completed according to the programs major works Ministry of Defense (MO). According to the plans of research and development work "Serdyuk", "Bust", "Izyumovets", "Potometry", etc. And also in accordance with the interuniversity scientific and technical program I.T.601 "Perspective Information Technology in high school" and scientific direction Voronezh State Forest Engineering Academy (VGLTA) - "Development of automation tools for control and design (in industry)". ;
Purpose and objectives of the study. The purpose of the dissertation work is to create a single information space for coordinating control (CU) by the development and production of dual-use microelectronic products in EP, as well as the introduction and evaluation of the effectiveness of control automation tools.
To achieve this goal, it is necessary to solve the following tasks:
To analyze the state of the EP and determine the tasks of improving the efficiency of the CG by creating modern electronic products for use in special conditions IT-based operation;
Determine the target tasks, "principles of construction and justify the architecture of a unified information system and the structure of unified automation tools for control systems by EP enterprises engaged in the development and production of dual-use microelectronic products;
Develop a methodology for the formation and implementation of a unified linguistic and information support for the CG system;
Develop mathematical models and algorithms for CG by basic enterprises and their interaction in the implementation of special projects for the development and production of microelectronic products;
To carry out software implementation of the mathematical support of the CG system;
Implement the developed CG tools, evaluate their effectiveness and develop methodological support.
Research methods are based on the theory of control systems, analysis and synthesis of computers and systems, optimization; apparatus of computational mathematics, applied statistics; theory of program construction; methods of modular, structural and object-oriented programming; simulation, structural, and parametric modeling; expert assessments, on computational experiments.
Scientific novelty. The following main results, characterized by scientific novelty, were obtained in the dissertation:
The principles of construction, architecture, software structure of the unified information system of the CU, which ensured the creation of a common information platform for managing the industry and basic enterprises, which are distinguished by high efficiency in solving management problems and their optimization;
Methods and models organizational management basic ES enterprises and their interaction in solving target tasks: monitoring of ES enterprises, maintenance and continuous updating of legal and regulatory teaching materials, certification and licensing, competitive selection and project management, long-term forecasting of the development of dual-use electronic components. They are distinguished by functional completeness and versatility, high adequacy of real-time display of management processes and decision-making;
The methodology for the formation and methods of implementation of the linguistic and information means of the CG system, ensuring the unity of the methodology for collecting, processing, storing, presenting and exchanging data within the industry, relevant modern technologies building information systems;
Solutions for technical implementation and a methodology for the optimal use of the developed CG tools by basic enterprises and their interaction, laying the foundation for the unification of the software for management tools within the industry and their integration into the Internet system.
The main provisions for defense:
Principles of construction, architecture, software structure of the unified information system of CU;
Methods and models of organizational management of basic ES enterprises and their interaction in solving target problems;
Methodology of formation and methods of implementation of linguistic and information means of the CG system;
Decisions on technical implementation and the methodology for the optimal use of the developed CG tools by the basic enterprises and their interaction.
Practical significance and implementation results. The main practical result of the work is the development of a unified information system for CU and standard software tools for managing basic EP enterprises and their interaction in the design and production of dual-use electronic components. Implementation of the developed tools confirmed the high efficiency of the proposed solutions.
The created KU tools are used in the ES when creating the entire range of dual-use ECB. Scientific and practical results of the work are the basis for the creation and implementation of training electronic systems at the Voronezh State Technical University for lecture courses, laboratory work, course and diploma design, training of graduate students and doctoral students in special disciplines. The results of the dissertation work are implemented in the "Department for the Development of Basic Military Technologies and Special Projects" of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation (Moscow), JSC "Angstrem", JSC "Voronezh Plant of Semiconductor Devices-Assembly" (Voronezh) and in studying proccess Voronezh State technical university with a big" economic efficiency.
Approbation of work. The main provisions of the work were reported and discussed at: collegiums of the Ministry of Defense of a number of Ministries of the Russian Federation, seminars and meetings of the Scientific Council "Federal problems of creating an element base of information-computing and control systems." The results of the work were reported at international scientific conferences "Systemic problems of reliability, quality, information and electronic technologies" (Moscow, 2007), " Mathematical Methods in engineering and technology - MMTT-20" (Yaroslavl, 2007), "Theory of conflicts and its application" (Voronezh, 2006); Russian conferences: "Intellectualization of management in social and economic systems" (Voronezh, 2007), "Resilience" (Moscow, 2002, 2006, 2007, 2008), "Intellectual Information Systems"(Voronezh, 2007), "New technologies in scientific research, design, management, production" (Voronezh, 2008).
Publications. 35 papers were published on the topic of the dissertation, including 11 articles and a monograph recommended by the Higher Attestation Commission (the author personally completed 146c of all papers). In the works published in co-authorship, the author's personal participation consists in determining the goals and objectives of the work, in carrying out scientific and technical research, justifying the architecture of the CG system, developing models and algorithms, analyzing their effectiveness, developing the main elements of controls and their implementation in industry .
The structure and scope of the dissertation. The dissertation consists of an introduction, four sections, a conclusion, a list of references and an appendix. The dissertation is presented on 156 pages, including 128 pages of typewritten text, 9 illustrations, a list of references of 117 titles and an appendix - three implementation acts on four pages.
Similar theses in the specialty "Management in social and economic systems", 05.13.10 HAC code
Development of automation tools for the design of complex functional blocks of microelectronics, taking into account the impact of individual nuclear particles 2008, candidate of technical sciences Potapov, Igor Petrovich
Management system for the formation and implementation of projects for the design center of microelectronics 2012, candidate of technical sciences Belyaeva, Tatyana Petrovna
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Dissertation conclusion on the topic "Management in social and economic systems", Kutsko, Pavel Pavlovich
The results of the work are implemented in the "Department for the Development of Basic Military Technologies and Special Projects" of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation (Moscow), the Federal State Unitary Enterprise "Scientific Research Institute of Electronic Technology" (Voronezh) and in the educational process. A methodology for assessing the effectiveness of the CG system is proposed. A significant economic effect was obtained, confirmed by implementation acts.
Conclusion
1. An analysis of the state of weapons and military equipment was carried out, which showed that the main tactical and technical parameters and the effectiveness of the use of most weapons and military equipment are determined by the level of development of the military and technical equipment. In turn, it unequivocally depends on the characteristics of the ECB, on the basis of which they are created. The state of ES in the transitional period and the problems of its management are analyzed. The importance of IT in solving the problems of CG by ES enterprises for the development and production of special dual-purpose microelectronic products is determined.
2. The principles of construction, architecture and structure of the software of a unified information system of CU, which ensured the creation of a unified information platform for managing the industry and basic enterprises, which are distinguished by high efficiency in solving management problems and their optimization, are proposed.
3. Methods and models of organizational management of the basic enterprises of EP (including DC and CM) and their interaction in solving the entire set of target tasks of the CU for the implementation of special projects for the creation of a new dual-purpose ECB have been developed. They provide functional completeness and versatility, high adequacy and optimization of decision making in real time.
4. Mathematical models for automating the integration of standard software of the CG information system with the possibility of automatic control of rationality and optimization of its structure, as well as its formation on the basis of own and borrowed developments, are proposed.
5. A methodology has been developed for the formation and implementation of linguistic and information means of the CG system, which ensure the unity of the methodology for collecting, processing, storing, presenting and exchanging data within the industry, corresponding to modern technologies for building information systems.
6. The algorithmic basis of the CG by the basic enterprises and their interaction has been created, laying the foundation for the unification of the mathematical support of the means integrated management within the industry and their integration into the Internet;
7. A software implementation of applied automation tools for CU was carried out by creating a dual-purpose ECB. I
9. The proposed solutions are used in the development of current and future federal programs for the creation and development of special ECB, CU facilities.
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78. Litvinov, H.H. Methods for Accelerating Learning of Neural Networks in Prediction Problems investment activity. Text. / H.H. Litvinov, P.P. Kutsko // Drive technology 2007 - №1. - P.60 - 61.
79. Fortinsky, Yu.K. Operational-situational modeling of management of electronic industry enterprises / Yu.K. Fortinsky, P.P. Kutsko, A.V. Kuzmin // Information technologies of modeling and management. 2007. No. 3(37). - p.386 - 392
80. Fortinsky, Yu.K. Information-logical model of the resource selection stage. Text. / Yu.K. Fortinsky, Yu.S. Serbulov // High tech in technology, medicine and education: interuniversity. Sat. scientific tr. / Voronezh, state. tech nol. academician - Voronezh, 2006. S. 64-69.
81. Serbulov, Yu.S. Formalization of information in decision-making problems Text. / Yu.S. Serbulov, J1.B. Stepanov // Interuniversity. Sat. scientific tr. / Voronezh. higher school Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. - Voronezh, 1997. S. 35-38.
82. Starikov A.B. Unified information interface and its implementation in integrated CAD. Text. /A.B. Starikov, P.P. Kutsko, I.P. Potapov // Software products and systems 2007 - №2. - P.37 - 38.
83. Kuzmin, A.B. Development of a model of a multi-purpose information system for managing the electronic industry / A.V. Kuzmin, P.P. Kutsko P.P., Yu.K. Fortinsky Yu.K. // Control systems and information technologies, N1.2(27), 2007. P. 238-240.
84. Fortinsky, Yu.K. Information subsystem for management of electronic industry enterprises. / Yu.K. Fortinsky, P.P. Kutsko, A.B. Kuzmin // Drive technology 2007 - №1. - P.40 - 45.
85. Kutsko, P.P. Regulations on the procedure for discontinuation of electronic equipment, quantum electronics and electrotechnical products Text .: guidance material / P.P. Kutsko [et al.]. - M .: GNPP "Cyclone Test", 2000.12 p.
Please note that the scientific texts presented above are posted for review and obtained through original dissertation text recognition (OCR). In this connection, they may contain errors related to the imperfection of recognition algorithms. There are no such errors in the PDF files of dissertations and abstracts that we deliver.
Last week, the State Duma hosted the first meeting of the Expert Council for the Development of the Electronic and Radio-Electronic Industry under the Committee for economic policy, industry, innovative development and entrepreneurship. A hot topic was discussed - the legislative consolidation of the functions of the state customer for the development, production, application, standardization and quality assurance of the electronic component base (ECB) for weapons, military and special equipment(VVST) for the Ministry of Industry and Trade. Pavel Kutsko, Deputy Director of the Department of Radio-Electronic Industry of the Ministry of Industry and Trade of the Russian Federation, made a presentation. And although most of his report was held behind closed doors, some of it can still be revealed.
The idea of assigning the functions of a state customer to a civilian department is by no means new. Moreover, the issue was already resolved by the Russian government in 2009. Then they drew up a plan for the transfer of this function from the Ministry of Defense to the Ministry of Industry and Trade, the government instructed the departments to begin the transfer. In the future, another order of the government ordered the two departments to ensure interaction. It would seem that the goal has been achieved and the process should be completed. But Russian officials themselves, probably without suspecting it, are secret followers of the leader of the Second International, Eduard Bernstein. Or secret Trotskyists. “Of course, in our country and, as a matter of fact, in any country, there are always, always have been and always will be forces for which it is not the prospect of development that is important, but the constant Brownian movement. Remember the famous Trotskyist slogan: “The movement is everything, the ultimate goal is nothing,” Vladimir Putin said at a meeting of the federal coordinating headquarters of the All-Russian Popular Front on December 27, 2011. In fact, Comrade Trotsky (on the 100th anniversary of the October Revolution, it would be a sin not to remember him) in his work “Before the historical frontier. Political silhouettes" called this slogan "nonsense and vulgarity", but very revealing: "the reformist daily struggle has taken on a self-sufficient character." The modern Russian bureaucracy clearly demonstrates this by the example of the transfer of functions from one department to another.
The stumbling block was the provisions of the Ministry of Industry and Trade on the list of electronic components permitted for use in the development, modernization and operation in the military and military equipment, and on the procedure for using foreign-made electronic components. They were approved by the VPK Collegium as the only intersectoral documents. However, no one canceled the order of the Minister of Defense, which provided for a permitting procedure for the use of foreign-made ECB in the AMSE. Seven years later, it turns out that the Ministry of Defense still duplicates the functions of the Ministry of Industry and Trade. The Main Directorate of Armaments of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, along with the list of the Ministry of Industry and Trade, has its own list of authorized EKB nomenclature. As a representative of the civil department put it, "this leads to a split personality among consumer enterprises that do not understand which document to use when forming the nomenclature for completing samples of military and military equipment." The main flaw in the military list is the products of enterprises that no longer exist, or products that have not been produced for three years. Or, on the contrary, for six years they have been produced by enterprises at their own expense, because they are ordered by the military department. In addition, the military is not too lazy to take on the hard work of coordinating the ECB nomenclature, which is not to the liking of the civilian department.
The question logically arises: what kind of motive does the military have? After all, the people who work in the Main Directorate of Armaments are probably well aware of the state of the industry. The answer, it would seem, lies on the surface: the list of permitted products should contain only what is required for the defense of the country, and not for paper reports.
Another attempt to remove the military from the formation of the list of permitted nomenclature of the EKB is by no means connected with strengthening the country's defense, but with the desire of officials to fulfill the President's orders at all costs. strategic objective– use the potential of the military-industrial complex in production high-tech products civil purpose, in demand in the domestic and foreign markets.
Minister of Industry and Trade Denis Manturov last year promised the president to maintain a steady increase in civilian segment output at a level of at least 5% growth per year, which should allow reaching a 50:50 ratio by 2020.
However, in order for the share of civilian products to be about 50%, its volume must be increased six times. This is difficult to do, but it is even more difficult to find consumers of such volumes in conditions of tight budget constraints. There are no customers, no demand, no service network and support for high-tech products. In addition, it is difficult for defense industry enterprises to get into the framework of competitive procedures when selling civilian products.
Meanwhile, the diversification of defense production is not an end in itself, but a means of saving the radio-electronic industry from collapse after 2020. According to the Deputy Chairman of the Expert Council, Doctor of Technical Sciences Arseny Brykin, the radio-electronic industry permeates all parts of the state defense order. According to another participant of the meeting, Vladimir Melnikov, candidate of technical sciences, this is one of the most dynamically developing sectors of the Russian economy today. But the scientist notes that this growth rate is primarily due to the high share of state defense orders - from 70 to 100%. When the weapons program is completed, significant technological, scientific and production capacities will remain idle.
The government, obviously, is still considering how not to weaken the defense capability and preserve the radio-electronic industry. True, in case of failure, the culprit has already been identified, this is the Ministry of Defense, which for many years has resisted the innovations of the Ministry of Industry and Trade.
At the June SEMICON Russia 2013 conference dedicated to the microelectronics market and held in Zelenograd, the key players in this market, including representatives of government agencies, science, industry and innovative business, discussed the acute problems facing the industry and ways to solve them.
New state program
Pavel Kutsko, Deputy Director of the REP Department of the Ministry of Industry and Trade of the Russian Federation, presented a new program for the development of the radio electronic industry (REP) for 2013-2025, the purpose of which is to increase the competitiveness of the industry by creating infrastructure for the development of priority areas, integration into international market and realization of innovative potential.
He stated with optimism that after a long crisis, Russian microelectronics is reviving again, which is facilitated by key trends affecting the industry: the dynamic growth of REP, the high growth rates of radio electronics in the structure of the country's economy, the rise in prices for manufacturing, which can become a source of jobs with the highest productivity. labor. At the same time, the microelectronics segment determines the effectiveness of other industries and the solution of social problems.
There are three stages in the state program for the development of REW. The first stage (2013-2015) provides for the creation of conditions for the development of the industry; in the second (2016-2020) — active assistance to the launch of new projects begins; at the third stage (2021-2025), a transition is being made to supporting production growth. The implementation of all three stages provides for coordination with national innovation development centers: Skolkovo, Rosnano, VEB.
The program includes such trends as a gradual decrease in state funding, an increase in private investment, the implementation of a cluster policy, a focus on small and medium-sized enterprises, the creation competitive environment. The industry development strategy, which, according to Pavel Kutsko, is being approved by the government, takes into account the trends in world microelectronics and the conditions in Russia, its intellectual potential.
The total budget for financing the state program of REW for 2013-25. will amount to 517 billion rubles. (without OPK), from federal budget allocated 178 billion rubles. In the microelectronics segment, it is planned to reduce state funding from 19 billion rubles. in 2013 to 11 billion rubles. in 2025 At the same time, it is expected that the volume of microelectronics production will grow due to private investment from 30 billion rubles. in next year up to 45 billion rubles in 2025
Nikolai Lisay, Business Development Director at Angstrem, believes that "the microelectronics industry is a very sensitive industry, closely related to the interests of the state - policy, strategy, relevant programs, which is generally important for the development of Russia." Therefore, the presented state program and the topic of the development strategy touched upon in the speech of the representative of the Ministry of Industry and Trade play such a significant role. According to him, "this is a very painful issue, because without a clear plan and strategy, it is not clear how and where to move."
Frost & Sullivan estimates that the global semiconductor market last year was $320.4 billion. situation in some regions and as a result of weakening consumer demand for electronics. According to analysts' forecast, this year the situation will stabilize; it is expected that the volume of this market will increase to 322 billion dollars - by 6.4%.
“Today, the global electronics industry has almost reached the bottom of an ongoing three-year decline. Taking into account the cyclical nature of the industry in about five to eight years, we can say with a certain degree of confidence that the next two years will be the most favorable for the start of its revival in Russia,” said Ankit Shukla, Director of Frost & Sullivan Technology Research Practice.
Market
Nikolai Lisay believes that the absence of open access statistics on the pace of development of the domestic microelectronics market is one of the problems that have a negative impact on its development. Since the time of the USSR, it remains, in his opinion, closed: it is quite difficult to get reliable information on it, learn about products, etc. Not all firms publish data on their activities, limiting themselves to general words, while in the Western market there are many open publications on this topic. “For me, every time to understand what the Russian market is, it is sheer torment. So, while in Moscow, I managed to find some official data on this topic only on the Internet in the CIA World Factbook (The World Factbook - annually published by the Central intelligence agency United States book in the style of an almanac about the countries of the world), but in our country it turned out to be impossible, ”he explained.
Most of the forum participants are sure that the key problem hindering the development of domestic microelectronics is the narrow domestic market of the country, which has been occupied for decades by foreign electronic giants, which are not easy to dislodge.
“Without entering the foreign market, it will be difficult to solve the issues of attracting private capital. The Ministry of Industry and Trade and the Government of the Russian Federation are working in these areas,” said Pavel Kutsko.
Alain Astier, vice president of STMicroelectronics, believes that the market in Russia is too small, but there is potential for its development, which is difficult to realize, since Russia lacks a common strategy for implementing innovative solutions. This is a limiting factor for the development of microelectronics.
Nikolai Lisay agrees with his colleagues that the country's microelectronics should enter the world markets, since the domestic market is small. And here the main thing is to find a niche, ensure the quality, rhythm of product deliveries, etc. “But we are very far from understanding how to enter world markets and how they are arranged,” he believes, “how to present a brand, guarantee quality, timely deliveries etc. is not an easy task. This is one of the areas for the resurgent microelectronics in Russia, which needs to be mastered.”
Alain Astier believes that the market in Russia is not only very small, but also heavily occupied by suppliers of foreign components that have been present here for decades.
Nikolai Shelepin, Deputy General Designer of Mikron and NIIME, is sure that domestic manufacturer electronic components (EC) when trying to enter this small market, fierce competition awaits. For example, when supplying transport electronic components to the subway, “we will face fierce competition, and not always fair competition.” He believes that the industry should first of all make domestic electronic components competitive by reducing their production costs (keeping in mind that silicon wafer prices are the same all over the world), and to improve specifications EC - to use the intellectual potential of specialists.
Forum participants noted that investments in Russia are too small. And Nikolai Shelepin spoke more harshly: “In what conditions do we want to develop our market? All companies want to cooperate with us, but… for our money. We do not see foreign investments in our electronics.”
In his opinion, only one precedent can be cited here: a long time ago, Philips built a plant for the production of kinescopes and televisions in Voronezh and then left there, since business in the country did not take place.
Priority segments
The Ministry of Industry and Trade believes that the implementation of the state program for the development of REP will have to focus on priority segments: energy-efficient systems, the automotive industry, medicine, security, and industrial electronics. Russian enterprises in these segments have a backlog of technology, production and intellectual potential, Mr. Kutsko believes. Production of key electronic components (EC) is planned.
According to Frost & Sullivan, in the next three years the products of the Russian microelectronics market will be most in demand in the aerospace and defense industries, as well as in telecom and transport.
Alain Astier noted that each region has its own characteristics, and although “Russia is a very rich country with a rich population, such problems have not been solved in it. as transport, security, medicine”, where microelectronic products are actively used.
Nikolai Shelepin agrees with him: in our country, from the point of view of electronics, these segments are the priority ones. In the presence of end-to-end state programs for the creation of equipment, they could become "a powerful driver for the development of Russian electronics, which we dream of." So, foreign microcircuits with cryptoprotection should not compete with domestic ones, including in connection with entry into the WTO. “But Russia still needs components for space, which are complex and do not give orders for large series to load enterprises,” he added and expressed confidence that “if you catch up, you will never catch up. It is necessary to develop those areas in which there are competencies and in which we can compete with the world in terms of development technology.”
At the same time, when mastering a new niche, unexpected problems arise, the solution of which requires professionalism and intelligence. So, when launching the UEC project (universal electronic card) it was believed that it should be designed for domestic payment system. But Sberbank insisted on the need for UEC to comply with international standards. At that time, domestic specialists did not have competence in this area, but thanks to their intellect, they managed to understand the problem and solve this problem in two years: already in 2012, international certificates of master cards and security were received. “In the list of certified international manufacturers, we (Mikron) are in eighth place,” Nikolai Shelepin noted with satisfaction.
Pavel Kutsko believes that the state should support these areas: domestic microelectronics should replace foreign ones in those industries where it is necessary and permitted by agreements with the WTO. Thus, the creation of databases of microelectronic components for space, passport and visa documents and special purpose needs to be funded by the government. According to him, a lot of work has been done in determining the status of domestic microelectronics over the past year, in particular, in determining preferences for the supply of products.
State support
Pavel Kutsko said that thanks to state support, which will be reduced, it was possible to solve important tasks that allow the industry to move forward: they preserved the structure of enterprises, created the basis for the development of microelectronics production, formed the structure of design centers capable of working on modern equipment. “In recent years, we have seen a leap forward in microelectronics. First of all, the successes are connected with the enterprises of Zelenograd. R&D is being funded at levels never seen before,” he said.
Nikolai Shelepin confirmed that in the past three years, concrete steps have been taken in terms of state financing of the industry. In his opinion, in the presented state program for the development of REW, a good sign is the curtailment by the government of the program of direct support for enterprises in the industry: only enterprises with real investment projects that allow them to enter the market with real products will be financed.
When implementing state projects, their support from the state is absolutely necessary. “For example, when we developed a new generation of domestic chips for passport and visa documents,” he explained, “there was no money (15 million rubles) for their interdepartmental tests at the Ministry of Communications. It took a lot of effort to carry them out, and at the expense of the developers - "Mikron" and "Angstrem".
Mykola Lisay expressed doubt that the industry needs state support at all, citing data consulting company McKinsey to study state support in China, Israel, Taiwan and the United States, which is allegedly practically absent there. As for supporting innovation in our country through tax cuts, in Western countries the tax burden is much higher, he recalled.
Alain Astier has a different vision: everything major countries- developed or emerging - seek to support the semiconductor industry, considering it as a key driver of innovation and social progress. Thus, the governments of France, Germany, and others support initiatives in the field of microelectronics if they are aimed at solving problems in the country. This trend will continue in the short and medium term. According to him, currently 90% of innovative solutions are based on microelectronics.
According to a study by Frost & Sullivan based on a survey (conducted in April-May of this year among about a hundred experts and top managers of Russian and foreign companies), 92% of respondents believe that the measures taken by the government today to support the competitiveness of Russian microelectronics are insufficient.
Heinz Kundert, President of SEMI Europe, is also sure that state support for such an industry as microelectronics plays an important role in all countries, such as China, the USA, and Japan.
He said that in May the EU Commission launched an initiative to invest about 100 billion euros over the next seven years in European micro- and nanoelectronics in order to increase the share of European countries in the world market of this industry from 10 to 20% by 2020. . To achieve this goal, new technologies should be created. Eight large firms supported this initiative. Approximately 10 billion euros from private, regional, national sources and the EU will be directed to R&D, including 5 billion euros through public-private partnerships.
For comparison: the volume of the domestic microelectronics market is at a level of less than 1%.
According to Mr. Kundert, the Russian government, just like the European Union, can provide state support to its own industry in order to significantly increase the country's share in the global microelectronics market.
Clusters
Nikolay Shelepin believes that developments Russian companies competitive, but very few make it to production and the market. In addition, important elements of the electronics production chain (for example, CAD, equipment and raw materials, electronics assembly, etc.) are missing or not developed in Russia. All these urgent problems of the domestic industry can be effectively solved with the help of the cluster policy laid down in new program REP development.
He is sure that today no company is able to solve in isolation the entire layer of problems of modern microelectronics. For development and successful competition, it is necessary to consolidate the resources of many organizations that unite in a cluster in order to build a complete chain from development to production, identify and eliminate gaps in the production chain.
According to him, such a cluster, which includes 150 companies, de facto is Zelenograd with an “anchor” center of two firms, Mikron and Angstrem. The school of software developers, circuit engineers, designers created at Mikron during this time, as well as own production, will allow, as stated, to quickly respond to new requirements of state bodies.
The creation of innovative clusters is provided for by the state program for the development of REW. According to Pavel Kutsko, the issue of creating 20 such clusters is being worked out. However, when creating clusters, Nikolai Shelepin believes, it is necessary to provide a number of market regulation measures and state support following the example of global technology parks: infrastructure development (telecom, housing, education, etc.), cheap credit money, economic and administrative freedoms, a policy of integrating cluster enterprises with anchor company.
The forum presented the results of individual achievements, which prove that with an adequate investment policy by the state, Russian microelectronics has begun to emerge from a protracted crisis. At the same time, one gets the impression that the increase in production of EC, the pace of recovery from the crisis and the timing of the resuscitation of the domestic industry can hardly be called at all acceptable for a country like Russia, in comparison with similar indicators of foreign competitors who do not intend to invest at all. in our industry, let alone give up their positions both in their own and in the Russian market of microelectronics.
As a manuscript
KUTSKO Pavel Pavlovich
COORDINATING MANAGEMENT OF ENTERPRISES,
CREATING ELECTRONIC COMPONENT BASE
DUAL PURPOSE
05.13.10 - Management in social and economic systems
dissertations for a degree
candidate of technical sciences
Voronezh - 2008
The work was carried out at the State Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education Voronezh State Forestry
academy.
Scientific adviser doctor of technical sciences, professor
Antimirov Vladimir Mikhailovich
Official opponents: doctor of technical sciences, professor
Stanchev Dmitry Ivanovich
candidate of technical sciences, associate professor
Kuripta Oksana Valerievna
Leading organization Federal State Unitary
Enterprise Research Institute of Electronic Technology
(Voronezh)
The dissertation will be defended on January 30, 2009 at 1000 at a meeting of the Dissertation Council D 212.034.03 at the State Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education Voronezh State Forestry
academy at the address: 394613, Voronezh, st. Timiryazev, 8, room. 348.
The dissertation can be found in the library of the Voronezh State Forest Engineering Academy.
Scientific Secretary
Dissertation Council E.A. Anikeev
GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF WORK
The relevance of the work. The level of development of the electronic industry (EP) of the Russian Federation determines scientific and technological progress in the leading sectors of the economy and the defense complex. The main tactical and technical parameters and the effectiveness of the use of most weapons and military equipment (AME) is determined by the level of development of specialized computing and radio engineering systems (ViRTS). In turn, it unequivocally depends on the characteristics of the electronic component base (ECB), on the basis of which they are created.
Specialized computing and radio engineering systems are the basis for the development of control systems (CS) for military and civilian purposes. These primarily include the control systems of nuclear deterrence forces (SNF), missile defense, air defense, aviation and spacecraft, precision weapons, command posts, etc., as well as high-risk facilities: nuclear power plants, nuclear reactors, chemical industries, technical complexes for scientific research, etc.
Therefore, the development of domestic ED is a priority area of the technical policy of the Russian Federation. In 2006, by decree of the Government of the Russian Federation, a program for the strategic development of the EP was developed and adopted. It attaches particular importance to solving the problems of development and production of modern technological equipment with a level of technical parameters corresponding to the best world standards; the necessary range and quantity of electronic components with increased resistance to radiation and electromagnetic radiation of high intensity, including ultra-high-speed VLSI, sets of digital signal processing LSI, digital-to-analog and analog-to-digital converters, etc.; development of breakthrough technologies - micro-mechanotronics, nanoelectronics, neural systems, homogeneous computing environments, etc.
A change in the methodology for automating the design and production of microelectronic products in advanced countries and the high efficiency of its application required changes in the structural reorganization of EP enterprises - the creation of a network of design centers (DC) for the design of VLSI and silicon workshops (SMS) for their production.
A state that has a developed network of D - and KM, in addition to income from the sale of highly paid intellectual labor, gains independence in creating the most modern ViRTS in the interests of developing all sectors of the economy, including the defense industry and strong positions in the world. In our country, there is both a need and all the prerequisites for creating a national network of D - and KM for the design and production of VLSI on the basis of microelectronics enterprises and electronic departments of universities.
The creation of D - and KM is a very complex and expensive problem that requires the accumulation of large financial resources necessary to equip them with modern computers and technological equipment. In accordance with the adopted program for the strategic development of EP, their allocation from the state budget and the creation of several dozens of D - and KM in the near future are envisaged.
The most important task of ensuring the efficiency of the EP enterprises is the use of modern information technologies (IT) to automate the management and implementation of the processes of creating a modern ECB.
They are of paramount importance in the information systems of coordinating control (CU) of EP enterprises engaged in the development and production of special ECB in the interests of the defense complex and for building ViRTS for the management of especially dangerous civilian facilities (hereinafter referred to as dual-use microelectronic products). The introduction of these systems should ensure the effective interaction of enterprises, the process of defect-free design and production of new products with a significant reduction in the time of their creation.
Therefore, within the framework of this work, the task was set to create a unified information system for CG by the basic enterprises of EP and their interaction in the development and production of dual-use microelectronic products.
The dissertation was prepared according to the programs of the most important works of the Ministry of Defense (MO). According to the plans of research and development work, Serdyuk, Bust, Izyumovets, Potometry, etc. And also in accordance with the interuniversity scientific and technical program I.T. management and design (in industry).
Purpose and objectives of the study. The purpose of the dissertation work is to create a single information space for coordinating control (CU) by the development and production of dual-use microelectronic products in EP, as well as the introduction and evaluation of the effectiveness of control automation tools.
To achieve this goal, it is necessary to solve the following tasks:
To analyze the state of the EP and determine the tasks of improving the efficiency of the CU by creating modern electronic products for use in special operating conditions based on IT;
Determine the target tasks, principles of construction and justify the architecture of a unified information system and the structure of unified automation tools for CU by EP enterprises engaged in the development and production of dual-use microelectronic products;
Develop a methodology for the formation and implementation of a unified linguistic and information support for the CG system;
Develop mathematical models and algorithms for CG by basic enterprises and their interaction in the implementation of special projects for the development and production of microelectronic products;
To carry out software implementation of the mathematical support of the CG system;
Implement the developed CG tools, evaluate their effectiveness and develop methodological support.
Research methods are based on the theory of control systems, analysis and synthesis of computers and systems, optimization; apparatus of computational mathematics, applied statistics; theory of program construction; methods of modular, structural and object-oriented programming; simulation, structural, and parametric modeling; expert assessments, on computational experiments.
Scientific novelty. The following main results, characterized by scientific novelty, were obtained in the dissertation:
The principles of construction, architecture, software structure of the unified information system of the CU, which ensured the creation of a common information platform for managing the industry and basic enterprises, which are distinguished by high efficiency in solving management problems and their optimization;
Methods and models of organizational management of basic ES enterprises and their interaction in solving target tasks: monitoring of ES enterprises, maintenance and continuous updating of legal and regulatory guidance materials, certification and licensing, competitive selection and project management, long-term forecasting of the development of dual-use ECB. They are distinguished by functional completeness and versatility, high adequacy of real-time display of management processes and decision-making;
The methodology for the formation and methods of implementation of the linguistic and information means of the CG system, ensuring the unity of the methodology for collecting, processing, storing, presenting and exchanging data within the industry, corresponding to modern technologies for building information systems;
Solutions for technical implementation and a methodology for the optimal use of the developed CG tools by basic enterprises and their interaction, laying the foundation for the unification of the software for management tools within the industry and their integration into the Internet system.
The main provisions for defense:
Principles of construction, architecture, software structure of the unified information system of CU;
Methods and models of organizational management of basic ES enterprises and their interaction in solving target problems;
Methodology of formation and methods of implementation of linguistic and information means of the CG system;
Decisions on technical implementation and methods for the optimal use of the developed CG tools by basic enterprises and their interaction.
Practical significance and implementation results. The main practical result of the work is the development of a unified information system for CU and standard software tools for managing basic EP enterprises and their interaction in the design and production of dual-use electronic components. Implementation of the developed tools confirmed the high efficiency of the proposed solutions.
The created KU tools are used in the ES when creating the entire range of dual-use ECB. The scientific and practical results of the work form the basis for the creation and implementation of educational electronic systems at the Voronezh State Technical University for conducting lecture courses, laboratory work, course and diploma design, training postgraduates and doctoral students in special disciplines. The results of the dissertation work have been implemented in the Department for the Development of Basic Military Technologies and Special Projects of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation (Moscow), Angstrem OJSC, Voronezh Semiconductor Plant - Assembly (Voronezh) and in the educational process of the Voronezh State Technical University with great economic efficiency.
Approbation of work. The main provisions of the work were reported and discussed at: collegiums of the Ministry of Defense of a number of Ministries of the Russian Federation, seminars and meetings of the Scientific Council Federal problems of creating an element base of information-computing and control systems. The results of the work were reported at international scientific conferences Systemic problems of reliability, quality, information and electronic technologies (Moscow, 2007), Mathematical methods in engineering and technology - MMTT-20 (Yaroslavl, 2007), Conflict theory and its application (Voronezh, 2006); Russian conferences: Intellectualization of management in social and economic systems (Voronezh, 2007), Resilience (Moscow, 2002, 2006, 2007, 2008), Intelligent information systems (Voronezh, 2007), New technologies in scientific research, design, management, production ( Voronezh, 2008).
Publications. 35 papers were published on the topic of the dissertation, including 11 articles and a monograph recommended by the Higher Attestation Commission (the author personally completed 146c of all papers). In the works published in co-authorship, the author's personal participation consists in determining the goals and objectives of the work, in carrying out scientific and technical research, justifying the architecture of the CG system, developing models and algorithms, analyzing their effectiveness, developing the main elements of controls and their implementation in industry .
The structure and scope of the dissertation. The dissertation consists of an introduction, four sections, a conclusion, a list of references and an appendix. The dissertation is presented on 155 pages, including 128 pages of typewritten text, 9 illustrations, a list of references of 117 titles and an appendix - three implementation acts on four pages.
The introduction substantiates the relevance of the dissertation topic, formulates the goal, scientific novelty, and practical significance of the results.
In the first section, the analysis of the geopolitical position of the Russian Federation, the state of weapons and military equipment and the importance of ECB for their development, the problems of managing EP in the transition period and the issues of using IT in solving the tasks of CG by EP enterprises for the development and production of special dual-purpose microelectronic products is carried out, the research objectives are set.
An analysis of Russia's geopolitical position in the world shows that, despite peaceful assurances, the United States and its NATO allies are continuously building up their military potential and it has always been projected onto the territory of the Russian Federation. At the same time, the threat of both internal and external terrorism against Russia has sharply increased. This is facilitated by humanitarian aid from the West. Even small countries - our neighbors, with the support of the United States and their allies, present us with territorial and financial claims and resort to defiant provocations. A number of neighboring states are actually conducting a peaceful expansion of our territory through illegal migration and the gradual exclusion of the indigenous population from all priority business areas. This process is greatly accelerated by the venality of our legislative and executive branches. It is with their participation that the unprecedented plunder of the national treasure, soldering and intoxication of the country's population is carried out. In these conditions of hopelessness, the indigenous population of Russia is simply dying out at an accelerated pace.
Problems of substitution of imported electronic components in domestic instrumentation and effective ways to solve them
In the context of the economic blockade of Russia by the Western European states and the United States and the ongoing sanctions for more than a year, the leadership of the Russian Federation has set the strategic task of increasing the technological independence of the domestic industry from the EU and NATO countries, which is especially important for strengthening the country's defense capability and security. Domestic potential is involved in solving problems: technical, technological, economic and personnel.
The basis for the construction of radio-electronic means of strategically important state purpose is the electronic component base (ECB), therefore, the creation of a modern necessary range of domestic products of electronic equipment and electrical engineering is a key task.
The problem of real substitution of imported electronic component base of foreign production (ECB IP) in domestic instrumentation and reduction of technological dependence on foreign supplies lies not only in the development of unified domestic analogues of ECB products that are not inferior to the best foreign samples and satisfy primarily the operational requirements of equipment developers, but also in the planned replacement of ECB IP with domestic analogues as part of the equipment at the stage of its modernization. The solution to the problem is not so much in the scientific and technical plane, but in the organizational one, requiring a high level of coordination of activities. federal bodies management, public corporations and industrial organizations. At the same time, the leadership of the Ministry of Industry and Trade of Russia determined the FSUE "Mytishchi Research Institute of Radio Measuring Instruments" (FSUE "MNIIRIP"), the leading research organization of the ministry in the field of development and application of electronic components, as a center of competence.
One of the primary tasks of FSUE "MNIIRIP" is a public discussion of the real problems of import substitution, the search for an optimal and economically viable way to solve them and the development of innovative management solutions to fulfill the tasks set by the state in the field of reducing technological dependence on the supply of ECB IP.
March 1-2, 2018 FSUE "MNIIRIP" with the support of the Ministry of Industry and Trade of the Russian Federation holds a conference " Topical issues deliveries of products of electronic component base of domestic production. Import substitution and quality assurance”.
The conference will address the following issues:
- import substitution and organization of acquisition of samples of radio-electronic equipment for special purposes ECB of domestic production;
- information support for the selection and use of electronic components in the process of development and production of radio-electronic equipment;
- ensuring and quality control of electronic components, the role and place of certification systems in the implementation of measures to improve them.
A business discussion of the above issues will make it possible to form a scientifically based paradigm for managing the coordination of work in the field of creating a new technological structure for enterprises in the electronics industry, developing and serial development of the minimum required range of new generation ECBs, phased import substitution of IP ECBs in the composition of equipment with modern domestic analogues and reducing technological dependence on supplies from abroad.
The conference is planned to be attended by representatives of federal executive authorities, State Corporation Roscosmos, State Corporation Rosatom, State Corporation Rostekhnologii, integrated structures, the Union of Mechanical Engineers of Russia, the Interdepartmental Council of Chief Designers for Electronic Component Base, organizations and industrial enterprises.
Pavel Pavlovich Kutsko appointed director of FSUE "MNIIRIP" (order of the Ministry of Industry and Trade of the Russian Federation dated January 23, 2018). The decision was made in order to strengthen the administrative capacity of the institute's leadership.
P.P. Kutsko is an authoritative senior manager in the radio-electronic industry, has vast many years of experience and practical knowledge in this industry, gained while serving in the military administration of the Russian Ministry of Defense and working in the Department of Radio-Electronic Industry of the Ministry of Industry and Trade of Russia.
Pavel Pavlovich Kutsko was born in Minsk in 1966. In 1988 he graduated from the Minsk Higher Engineering Anti-Aircraft Missile Air Defense School with a degree in Radio Engineering. From August 1983 to April 2011, P.P. Kutsko served in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation as a reserve colonel. From August 2011 to December 2017, he was Deputy Director of the Department of the Radio-Electronic Industry of the Ministry of Industry and Trade of the Russian Federation, Pavel Pavlovich - Candidate of Technical Sciences.
