How to organize a small enterprise for the production of alcohol. We open a vodka distillery — a product in two varieties: Standard and Premium. Stronghold Requirements

The tradition of drinking fun, invigorating and intoxicating drinks among peoples has evolved over thousands of years. It is difficult to determine what is primary - cultural traditions or traditions of drinking intoxicating drinks. In any case, modern nations and peoples can be classified as drinkers. Today, vodka is an obligatory attribute of any feast and a characteristic of belonging to the Slavs.

Definition

Vodka is a mixture of a certain amount of rectified ethyl alcohol with water, which is subjected to special filtration and purification with activated carbon.

The amount of this alcoholic beverage is expressed in decalitres and liters (volume units). There is such a thing as a fortress, expressed as a percentage and representing the alcohol content in the mixture. The permissible level of strength in ordinary vodka is 40%, but there are also 50% and 56%.

The modern Russian distillery industry produces five types of vodka: 40%, 50%, 56%, Moscow special vodka - 40% and Stolichnaya - 40%. These types of alcoholic beverages differ in the concentration of alcohol in them, the level of its purification and other taste characteristics, which depend on the amount and type of added flavoring ingredients.

In the production of 40% vodka, single rectification alcohol is used, all the other four types use alcohol of the highest purity.

Improving the quality of the finished product is achieved through the addition of such components as sodium acetate, sugar, as well as the use of a longer purification of vodka with activated carbon.

A bit of history

People have tasted alcohol for a long time. Scientists assume that about 30 thousand years ago, a person who tried a product obtained as a result of the fermentation of berries or fruits was convinced of its tonic effect. On the initial stage it was grape wine. Then we learned how to make beer.

Back in the 4th millennium BC. e. Ancient Egypt was famous for brewing and winemaking. At that time, more than a hundred varieties of grapes were known. The Roman Empire exported wine all over the world.

The production of vodka began with the creation of a distillation process. Based on some sources, oddly enough, we can say that this invention belongs to the Arabs. However, their discovery did not become widely known, as it went against the Qur'an.

Others argue that alcohol was obtained in the 11th and 12th centuries by Italian alchemists. Still others conclude that the distillation process itself was already known both in the West and in the East. In search of a substance capable of causing intoxication, alchemists managed to isolate a substance from wine with the help of distillation, which is a kind of its spirit and soul. This is how the production of vodka was born. Officially, the term "vodka" itself began to be used quite successfully only by the 20th century.

Comparison of production technologies

Specialists conducted a study, the results of which compared the modern technology for the production of vodka with previous technological processes.

Each historical stage was characterized by different components of the production of alcoholic beverages. So, the 18th century is marked as the most fruitful period of searching for successful compositions and recipes for this alcoholic beverage. Flavoring components began to be used quite successfully. At that time, the production of vodka was carried out only for own consumption, and not for sale.

In the same period, home winemaking began to develop quite rapidly.

Equipment upgrade

In the second half of the 19th century and throughout the 20th century, equipment for the production of vodka was constantly updated, as well as various technological innovations were introduced. In the same period, close attention began to be paid to the time, temperature and speed of passing through the various stages of production cycles.

Turning to modern technologies, let's say that the production of vodka in accordance with current standards is based on the use of ethyl alcohol obtained from water and food raw materials as a raw material. According to the technologies used, the permissible content of ethyl alcohol is in the range of 38-56% of the volume of the finished product. The range of this alcoholic drink is represented by tens of thousands of names.

Vodka production technology

Vodka production in Russia dates back to the 16th century. The first mention of it was found in the Novgorod Chronicle. At that time, the main use of this alcoholic beverage was medicine, vodka in the first mentions is found under the name "health fire". Over the next few centuries, technologies were developed and improved. There was an accumulation of methods and recipes for making this drink, which glorified Rus' abroad.

This article will consider the technological scheme for the production of vodka.

Water treatment

Even if natural water is considered the purest, it must still undergo special purification in several stages. This includes settling, aeration, and filtration through quartz sand.

The vodka production process provides for the presence of modern enterprises installed sand and carbon columns, membrane and cartridge filters. Water must undergo molecular and ultraviolet purification. With the use of a special installation, the salt level of the water is corrected. Properly prepared water should be absolutely clear, colorless and contain a minimum level of salt. However, it is not subjected to boiling and distillation. Only in this case, the vodka will turn out soft, will have crystal purity and a unique taste.

If there are various impurities in the water that is planned to be used in this production, which were not removed using sand filters, this liquid is clarified by the coagulation method. When certain components are introduced into water, the electrokinetic potential of individual particles decreases, followed by aggregation and sedimentation of colloidal substances. Modern technology the production of this alcoholic product provides for the use of iron and aluminum sulfate (ferrous sulfate) as coagulants for water purification, from which a poorly soluble hydroxide is released during the chemical reaction.

Alcohol Purification

Distilleries use such raw materials for the production of vodka as ethyl alcohol. There are three main varieties of it: "Higher cleaning", "Extra" and "Lux". By many manufacturers, this alcoholic drink is made on raw materials own production using ancestral technology. At that time, grain crops served as raw materials: rye, wheat and rye malt. The scheme for the production of vodka also provides for the addition of a certain amount of oats, barley, corn, millet, peas and buckwheat.

Some factories purchase alcohol from their respective factories. Such production of vodka from alcohol requires strict control of raw materials.

Preparation of water-alcohol mixture

In the technological process, this stage is known as "sorting". Depending on the required content of ethyl alcohol, the finished product is obtained in various strengths.

Water with alcohol is fed into sorting vats and mixed with special mixers. At the same stage, other ingredients are added in accordance with the recipe of the alcoholic beverage.

Filtration

The scheme for the production of vodka implies the use of quartz sand as a filtering tool. This process is carried out under the pressure of a jet of filtered liquid. Sorting flows by gravity to the filter from the pressure tank, which is located above the filters.

With an increase in the volume of the purified liquid, the height of the sediment layer on the material also increases. As the height of this layer changes, so does the resistance, and the filtration rate decreases. In this regard, the filtration surface must be periodically cleaned of sediment.

Carrying out treatment with activated carbon

This stage is one of the most important stages. It binds such harmful impurities as aldehydes and esters. In the process of performing this stage of production, the organoleptic characteristics of the alcoholic beverage are formed.

At the end of this stage, the vodka is filtered again (often this happens several times). This stage is necessary to remove the smallest particles of coal and obtain a transparent and crystal clear product.

"Relaxation"

This stage is the final one before bottling the finished product. In accordance with the current standards, assimilation continues for two days. However, some experts say that such a time period is insufficient. It is best to let the water-alcohol mixture “rest” for about a week. Due to this period of time, the maximum interaction of the components of the drink is achieved. Only in this case, according to experts, a mixture of water and alcohol can turn into soft and clean vodka.

Spill

For spill finished products special equipment is used for the production of vodka. At this stage, all bottles must be subject to strict control. At the same time, each bottle is rinsed with vodka before the start of the filling process in order to maintain the desired strength of the drink and clean the bottle from the inside. And only then the finished product is directly bottled and corked.

Homemade vodka production

Thus, the above technological process is the industrial production of an alcoholic beverage. Appropriate equipment for the production of vodka was used at all its stages. However, for true connoisseurs of this drink, quality comes first. Therefore, some of them carry out the production of vodka at home. The following ingredients are used as raw materials: water, yeast and sugar. However, it is necessary to provide competent filtering.

Often a simplified technology is used. Ready alcohol at 95 degrees is diluted with distilled water, filtered with activated carbon, and then the resulting liquid is infused with herbs or berries. In this way, you can get bitters (vodka is infused with certain herbs, roots and berries), gin (infused with juniper berries) and whiskey, thanks to the insistence on oak bark.

"Vodka" business

It has long been customary in Rus' that the production of vodka and other alcoholic beverages is a successful and profitable business. Finally, the monopoly of the state and dry law are far in the past. Therefore, if there is a desire to organize the production of vodka, a business of this type will bring a stable income. However, the entrepreneur must not only thoroughly study the process of making this alcoholic beverage. He must also have all permits in order, including a license for the production of vodka.

As for the technology, it basically does not differ from the above scheme. But there are features in the use of special automated lines and their productivity. Direct bottling of vodka, labeling of bottles is carried out only on special equipment, the productivity of which is in the range of 6-12 thousand bottles per hour.

Financial questions

An important component of a successful business is the successful solution of financial issues, among which the most important are the following.

Firstly, the cost of equipment for the production of alcoholic beverages with their subsequent bottling into glass containers depends on the manufacturing company and the productivity of the line itself. Significant savings can be obtained by purchasing used equipment, since if an automated line, for example, is two years old, then it is unlikely that it could become outdated and wear out significantly. However, you should not go to extremes and take too old equipment, as in this case there will be additional costs associated with its repair and modernization.

Secondly, certain financial costs will be required for such milestone as promotion of their own alcoholic products on the market. Any entrepreneur must understand that all the efforts expended on production are insignificant in comparison with the efforts that must be made for a good sale of an already produced product. Often, marketing costs in large alcohol companies significantly exceed the cost of equipment and other industrial real estate.

In this case, the most correct way out would be to purchase an already promoted production of alcoholic beverages. It is much easier to enter the relevant market through the acquisition of formed assets than to create new brand or a trademark.

Innovations in the vodka production industry

Today, the producers of this alcoholic drink are making every effort to make the finished product different. high quality. So, some of them use high-quality grain for the production of alcohol. There are laboratories at the factories where each batch of alcohol undergoes strict control.

Many enterprises that carry out this species activities, have their own artesian wells, from which the so-called "living" water is extracted, which is used in the production process. Modernity is distinguished by the introduction of constant innovation. The production of alcohol was no exception. So, in the preparation of water, membrane technology, cationic softening, blending and conditioning are used.

The classic activated carbon technology has been improved in the filtration process. For this, birch charcoal is quite successfully used, which is characterized by special sorption characteristics. Or there is another analogue - coal mousse of various origins, which is obtained from birch, apricot pits and coconut shells.

During the “rest” of vodka, natural plant ingredients such as honey, spices (cardamom, cumin, cinnamon and cloves), pepper, and many herbs (wormwood or sage) are used for infusion. Dried fruits or birch buds can also be used quite successfully.

And finally final stage production - bottling - also contains some innovations. For example, the respective workshop may be equipped with a set of filter elements at the stage of the actual bottling process. Often, factories use only new glass bottles.

To identify and protect the finished product, bottle necks and lids are marked with the date of bottling using laser equipment, thanks to which all numbers are engraved in relief and clearly. Also, as a protective agent when corking bottles, "opening control" is used.

Summing up the material presented in this article, it should be noted that the history of vodka production dates back to ancient times. However, this process is subject to constant improvement and the introduction of new technologies. At the same time, the scheme for the production of this alcoholic drink remains unchanged, and the main ingredients are the same. In pursuit of a quality alcoholic product, some connoisseurs of this drink try to make it at home. However, the successful implementation of this process requires some skill and special devices.

The menus of bars and restaurants often contain their own homemade tinctures. Do they need to separately obtain a license not only for the sale, but also for the production of alcohol? And what about cocktails – won’t this also fall under production? One institution received a fine of 50 tr., the other - 200 tr. What were the fines for and how to keep the original bar card without breaking the law, read in this article.

Personally, I prefer to insist limoncella exclusively on alcohol, add ginger and lemon juice (may the Italians forgive me for distorting the traditional recipe, but this is how it turns out to be soft and pleasant to the taste - there is no spirit of alcohol in sight, despite 42 degrees). Often my friends, after tasting a drink, either jokingly or seriously, offer to start selling my limoncella. Fortunately, it never came to export to the people, because then the police could already be interested in me. After all, it is one thing to prepare tinctures for your own purposes, and another to sell them to someone from the outside - then you become a producer of strong alcoholic products with all the ensuing licensing requirements.

But what about bars and restaurants? Their menu often contains not only factory liquors, but also “homemade” tinctures of their own preparation. Do they really need to obtain a license not only for the sale, but also for the production of alcohol? But these are completely different requirements, one authorized capital only needs 10 million rubles.

I was not the only one who asked this question, it turned out that the OBEP was also very worried. One of the first major scandals on this basis was associated with the Moscow institution "Sandunovsky Bani", then, back in 2012, they were attracted to Art. Part 4 Art. 17.14 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation for the illegal production of alcoholic products, namely lemon, cranberry and juniper tinctures (with a strength of about 30%). The Moscow Arbitration Court fined the baths for 50,000 rubles, but the decision was appealed on appeal, and all claims from the institution were withdrawn. The appeal was motivated by the fact that they did not have special equipment for the production of alcoholic beverages on an industrial scale (for more details, see Resolution of the Ninth Arbitration Court of Appeal dated October 29, 2012 N 09AP-29615 / 2012 in case N A40-94376 / 12-120-921) .

However, one decision cannot carry the force of law, and disputes on this topic still periodically flared up in the circles of restaurateurs, especially since everyone was primarily concerned not with tinctures, but with alcohol-based cocktails - they certainly are in every institution, where strong alcohol is served. Needless to say, the fears were not unfounded. An example is already another landmark case, already associated with alcoholic cocktails.

So, in the fall of 2014, employees of the Ministry of Internal Affairs came to one of the bars in Pskov. They found that the establishment, among other things, sells in the bar the OLD school BAR alcoholic cocktail, obtained by mixing whiskey with Coca-Cola, followed by pouring the resulting cocktail into 0.25 l bottles, corking them and sticking labels with the inscription OLD school BAR. These circumstances allowed two courts to recognize that the bar carries out activities for the production of alcoholic beverages in the sense given to the concept of "production" by Law N 171-FZ. And the fine was already imposed four times more than in the previous case - 200,000 rubles. (with confiscation of goods).

And only in the third instance - in the Arbitration Court Northwestern District the bar managed to prove its case. Here are the reasons the court took into account: "the controversial OLD school BAR cocktail, served to bar patrons in a glass bottle, is a sort of" calling card» bara (volume 1, sheet 101). Since the average consumption of a cocktail per shift is 150 - 200 units, in order to reduce the serving time of a popular cocktail, the bartender prepares the base of the drink in accordance with technological map approved by order of the director. Only a part of the ingredients for mixing is stored in containers of 0.25 ml, and in the final form the cocktail is served with the addition of a lime wedge and decorative decoration. These bottles are capped manually (without the use of industrial means) to extend the shelf life, since for an open drink this period is only six hours (volume 1, page 102). At the same time, the Bar Rules prohibit visitors from leaving the bar with drinks or consumer packaging (volume 1, sheets 98-99). The bottles into which the branded controversial drink is poured are reusable containers.

As a result, the court concluded that “in itself, the mixing of alcohol products purchased by the Company and legally in circulation with other food products when providing services Catering at the bar and original way serving the resulting drink do not constitute an action for the production of alcoholic products in the sense given by Law N 171-FZ to the concept of "production"(Resolution Arbitration Court of the Northwestern District dated July 29, 2015 in case N A52-4266 / 2014).

Who knows whether these judicial acts influenced the legislator or something else, but not so long ago in paragraph 15 of Art. 2 of the Federal Law of November 22, 1995 N 171-FZ, an official explanation appeared on this subject: “Actions for the manufacture of alcoholic products by mixing purchased alcoholic products contained in consumer packaging and labeled in accordance with Article 12 of this Federal Law, with other food products or using other technological processes(infusion, fermentation and others) in relation to such alcoholic products, committed by an organization engaged in the retail sale of alcoholic products in the provision of public catering services at the places of provision of such services".

That is, you can safely infuse tinctures and mix cocktails. A manufacturing license is not required. But you should still take precautions:

1. Do not forget that only alcoholic ingredients officially purchased from your supplier can be used for tinctures. Alas, you will not find pure alcohol in retail sales, although traditional tinctures are best obtained on its basis. Therefore, you can only insist on "factory" vodka or other strong drinks. By the way, there is vodka and 65-70 degrees (for example, mulberry), but, it is clear that the cost of such a tincture will increase significantly. Do not be tempted to find an alternative to factory alcohol in the form of buying your own mini factory alcohol. Although these units are in legal circulation, it is worth remembering that all moonshine stills are for personal home use only.
2. It is not recommended to arrange a warehouse for manufactured products in the back rooms - be it tinctures or cocktails. Yes, in the above example, the bar managed to fight back, but only after going through as many as three trials. Still, stacks of corked bottles, and even with a label of their own manufacture, one way or another will arouse the suspicions of the inspection authorities.
3. You can not sell tinctures with you. And, in principle, you can’t sell any alcohol for takeaway (I’ll write a separate article about this somehow). Everything purchased must be consumed on the spot.

So, the law allows: experiment with tastes to your heart's content, because there is an opinion that it is the culture of drinking that will help eradicate the "culture of drinking" in our society.

For obtaining a license for the production of alcoholic beverages, you need to pay a state duty. If for any reason the issuance of the relevant document is refused, the amount of the state duty will not be returned. The article will answer the question of how you can get a license. It will also consider what problems the organization may face.

When is a permit required?

Activities related to the production or circulation of ethyl alcohol and alcoholic products are subject to mandatory licensing. This is established in Federal Law No. 171. So, a license for the production of alcoholic products gives the right to carry out the following actions:

• The process of production, storage and supply of produced alcohol and denatured alcohol.
• Production, storage and sale of alcohol-containing products.
• Storage of alcoholic food products and ethyl alcohol.
• Procurement of alcohol-containing products.
• Production, storage and supply of alcohol-containing non-food products.
• Retail sales of alcoholic products.

Why is a license required from Rosalkogolregulirovanie? This question is answered below.

Products subject to licensing

It is important to note that the production of absolutely every type of supplied product, which is listed in Federal Law No. 171, is subject to licensing, namely:

• Ethanol.
• Denatured alcohol.
• Alcohol-containing products.
• Potable ethyl alcohol.
• Alcohol-containing food products.
• Wine and vodka.
• Alcohol-containing non-food products.
• Denatured goods.
• Alcoholic goods.
• Alcoholic drinks.
• Wine materials.

Requirements

There are certain requirements for all enterprises in obtaining a license.

For example, they may affect the size of the authorized capital or organizational equipment. Special attention pay to the absence of any debt related to the payment of taxes or fees. Such shortcomings in payment should not be either at the time of obtaining permission, or during the production of goods. If there is a tax debt, then the license for the production of alcoholic beverages may be canceled.

Collection of documents

According to Federal Law No. 171, the following documents are required:

• Application for a license. This document must contain information about the organization, as well as all of its separate subdivisions(branches). The application lists the types of activities and indicates the period for which the license is required.
• Copies of constituent documents, as well as papers on state registration legal entity. These copies are in without fail must be certified by a notary. If this is not done, then you will need to attach the originals to the copies.
• A copy of the document that confirms the company's registration with the tax authority.
• A copy of the document confirming the payment of the state fee for the rendered licensing.
• Conclusion from the authorities, which will confirm that the production and storage facilities fully comply with sanitary and epidemiological, as well as fire and environmental requirements.
• A document that confirms the technical competence of the laboratory for chemical control of the production of alcohol and alcoholic products. A duplicate of the agreement on the relevant control is also valid.
• Copies of certificates confirming the conformity of the basic technological equipment.
• A document that will confirm the amount of paid authorized capital.

At the same time, it should be emphasized that the licensing authority should not require any other documents.

Payment of state duty

A license for the production of alcoholic products is issued for a period specified by the organization, but the total duration this document cannot exceed five years. The amount of the state fee is most often five hundred thousand rubles. At the same time, it is important to emphasize that six million rubles will have to be paid for licensing the production, storage and supply of the produced denatured and ethyl alcohol. This amount of state duty is established for obtaining a license for the production, storage and wholesale distribution (supply) of any alcoholic goods. Only wine is not included in this list.

The state duty for obtaining a license for the retail sale of alcoholic beverages will cost the applicant forty thousand rubles for each year of its validity. The amount of the state fee for reissuance fully corresponds to the amount established for obtaining the corresponding type of document. True, in the event that the license is reissued as a result of the reorganization of the enterprise (as part of a merger), then the state fee will be only two thousand rubles. An important condition for this is that each organization that takes part in the merger must have a license for the same type of activity at the time of registration of the successor.

If the organization changes its name or its location, which is indicated in the permit, then reissuing the corresponding document will also cost two thousand rubles.

How to obtain a license for the production of alcoholic beverages, it is important to find out in advance.

Accounting for the cost of paying the state fee

The amount of the state duty during the calculation of income tax is taken into account as part of other expenses, in accordance with Article No. 264 of the Tax Code. Previously, officials required that such costs be written off during the entire period of the license. According to Article No. 272 ​​of the Tax Code, a uniform write-off of expenses is required, which provides for the receipt of income for a time period of more than one reporting period. This does not imply a phased delivery of goods.

Later, officials changed their position and came to the conclusion that all the costs of issuing a license for the production of alcoholic beverages should be taken into account at a time. In their opinion, the requirements of Article No. 272 ​​on the equal write-off of expenses should be applied only strictly within the framework of civil law agreements. It is obvious that the issuance of licenses is carried out outside the contractual relationship. Therefore, you should not write off the cost of obtaining licenses during the entire period of their validity.

This approach is confirmed by arbitration practice. True, given the fact that the amount of state duty for a license for the production of alcohol is very significant, it would be better to clarify the accounting procedure by contacting your tax office.

In some cases, the organization has the right to demand a refund of the state duty. Situations in which this is possible are given in article No. 333 of the Tax Code. So, in the event that the company paid the fee for a license for the production and circulation of alcoholic products, and the licensing authority, in turn, refused to provide the required document, then the transferred amount is not refundable. In this case, it can be counted against the amount of the fee that is payable for performing a similar action. In other words, a set-off can only be made in respect of the amount of the state duty, which was paid in an amount exceeding the value established by Chapter 25 of the Tax Code.

It is important to note that the costs associated with the payment of the state duty for obtaining a license can be taken into account in expenses when calculating income tax. Such explanations are given by officials. True, before they offered to write off such expenses evenly over the entire period of the licenses. About which procedure it would be better to use, you should check with the tax office.

Who can assist in obtaining a license for the production of alcoholic beverages?

Help of intermediaries

So, in order to carry out the legal production of alcoholic products on the territory of our country, it is necessary to obtain a special permit, which is issued in accordance with Russian legislation. Obtaining this document is a rather complicated procedure, since the administrative regulations impose rather stringent requirements and conditions for production. Alcoholic license is quite expensive.

This situation applies not only to technological equipment and production premises, as well as warehouses of finished products in which alcohol is produced. We are talking about all the documents that need to be properly drawn up and submitted for consideration to the regulatory authorities, whose competence includes issuing licenses for the production of alcoholic products.

It is very difficult to go through all the necessary stages of licensing on your own. For this reason, many domestic entrepreneurs are forced to seek help from one or another intermediary. This is due to the fact that obtaining a license for the production of alcoholic beverages requires a lot of experience, practical skills and certain connections. dating the right people allow in as soon as possible eliminate any possible errors that can occur in almost any manager of an alcohol enterprise or warehouse where alcohol-containing goods are stored. Of course, how quickly, and most importantly, how well the process of obtaining a license will go through, directly depends on the professionalism and level of training of the intermediary.

Thus, in such a difficult field of activity as the production of alcoholic goods, entrepreneurs always have a choice: to figure it out on their own or turn to intermediaries for help.

So how do you get a license to produce alcohol?

Getting permission

Before obtaining this permit, legal entities should clarify for what period it is issued. As noted above, according to general rules the period of validity of this permit may not exceed five years. That's what the rules are in the law. But this period of validity is related to those legal entities that are engaged in the production, sale and storage of alcohol and alcoholic products. This refers to activities not only for the needs of the population, but also for industrial organizations.

The period of validity of the permit, which is issued only for the sale of alcoholic products (without their production), is only two years. Such a license is required by various stores selling the relevant products. Thus, any legal entity will be able to obtain a license, the validity of which will be unlimited.

Having found out information about the validity of licenses, one should touch on the question of whether it can be reduced, in cases where any violations are found on the part of legal entities. This question worries many. It can be stated with certainty that if any violations of activity are found at the enterprise that issued the corresponding license, then the validity period of the document will not be reduced. In this case, it will simply be cancelled. All information is entered in the register of licenses for the production of alcoholic beverages.

Cancellation of a permit can entail a number of negative aspects. First of all, penalties will be imposed on the legal entity, which will amount to decent sums of money. In addition, the organization may be blacklisted for an indefinite period of time, and this will result in the denial of extradition permits. This may not be done forever, but for a significant period of time, which will depend on the situation.

Stages of opening a license

The types of activities that require obtaining a license have been indicated above. Now let's figure out what should be done in order to open a license. This is done in stages:

• First of all, an entrepreneur needs to create a legal entity that will have a certain authorized capital. It is important to bear in mind that the requirements for this capital are quite stringent. For the production of such a commodity as drinking alcohol, capital must amount to approximately ninety million rubles. For the manufacture of non-drinking alcoholic products, it is enough to have a fund of eighty million rubles. No permit will be issued unless these requirements are met.
• The next step is the creation of special laboratories that will be engaged in quality control. In the event that the entrepreneur does not have the funds for this, you can get out of the situation. For example, to do this, you can find such laboratories on the side and conclude appropriate agreements with them, which should reflect that these enterprises will constantly monitor production process and monitor the quality of the products produced.
• The next step should be to check and test the equipment through which alcoholic products will be produced. Any equipment must necessarily comply with accepted technological standards, in addition, it must pass the appropriate certification. There is a lot of equipment on the domestic market, but not all of it meets the necessary requirements, since not all representatives of enterprises associated with the production of equipment are in a hurry to get it inspected.
• One of the main issues of interest to the inspecting authorities is the sanitary conditions of the premises in which products are manufactured. Inspectors also have the right to inquire about the qualifications of employees and compliance with safety regulations in the workplace. This point should be taken care of in advance, since the slightest oversight can lead to a refusal to issue a license.
• When all of the above is ready, you can begin to collect the relevant documentation. This will require the Charter of the enterprise, which will reflect the corresponding type of activity. You will also need an extract from the tax authority at the place of registration of the enterprise, information on the size statutory fund and other documents.

Renewal of the license for the production of alcoholic products

To this procedure passed as quickly as possible, many organizations turn to experienced lawyers, in whose name a notarized power of attorney is issued. Such intermediaries, knowing all the subtleties, quickly draw up the required documents. After all the documentation has been collected, you will need to pay the state duty. Next, a representative from government agency in order to check the conformity of the submitted documents. If everything is done correctly, permission will certainly be issued.

Now we know how to get a license for the production of alcoholic beverages.

In any store that has alcoholic drinks in its assortment, on the shelves, in addition to vodka and wine, you can see various tinctures that are always in steady demand.

At the same time, very often tinctures are made on herbs that are medicinal plants, therefore, in addition to a pleasant taste, such tinctures can be very beneficial for health.

For another 25-30 years, there were practically no tinctures in stores, they could be purchased only in the villages from local craftsmen who prepared medicinal miracle tinctures on herbs and berries. No wonder tinctures can be found not only in stores, but also in pharmacies. Many people in the world believe that the birthplace of tinctures is Tibet, where healing infusions have been prepared for centuries.

But Russian people are sure that our country is the birthplace of tinctures, from time immemorial, not a single feast has been complete without this drink, which, brought to a certain condition, was not only medicinal, but also quite intoxicating.

Now, let's move on to the business itself. If you know how to prepare various tinctures and want to do business in this business, then you can easily sell your products. After all, tinctures are in demand at any time of the year. Moreover, most people love them, from cool businessmen to ordinary simple hard workers. After all, tinctures prepared at home are not only healing, but also very pleasant to the taste.

The most popular product for the preparation of tinctures is, of course, mountain ash, a tincture from it has a wonderful delicate taste and, moreover, is very healthy. To prepare the tincture, it is necessary to prepare rowan berries for future use in the fall. Before infusion, the berries are washed, and then placed in a tub or any other suitable vessel, in an even layer and poured with cold water. After that, for a month and a half, the vessel is placed for infusion in a dark and cool place. And after the deadline, the tincture can be bottled and look for buyers.

But you should not get hung up on only one mountain ash, besides it there is great amount berries, tinctures from which have excellent taste. From horticultural crops, of course, it is worth making drinks from various kinds currants, plums, cherries, raspberries. Of the forest berries, lingonberries and cranberries growing in the swamp are most often insisted. Very often, masters of tinctures use several berries at once to prepare tinctures; such a drink has an excellent flavor bouquet that can compete even with good wine.

You have probably noticed that berries are used in the preparation of tinctures, which have a pronounced therapeutic effect. Therefore, they are also used as remedy and as an intoxicating drink, which, in terms of its characteristics such as strength, sweetness and viscosity, is very similar to liquor.

To make the tincture more like a fragrant strong liquor in terms of its hop characteristics, you do not need to do something special. Just at the time of laying the berries, their layers alternate with layers of sugar, which will contribute to the fermentation process. At the same time, the strength of such tinctures will be at a very decent level.

And yet, if you want your products to have a more delicate taste and beautiful color, then as a vessel for infusion, it is better to choose barrels that are made of natural wood, it is better if it is oak or maple.

Of course, in order to have a more or less decent income from the sale of tinctures, you should not trade them on the market. We must strive to reach a higher level. To do this, you need to register at the place of your residence, as individual entrepreneur and open production at home, it’s good if it is your own private house.

Such production does not require a lot of equipment, raw materials can be bought in villages, and sugar will cost you less if you buy it in bulk. Also, for a drink, you will need special plastic or glass bottles, like those in which balms are sold in pharmacies. You certainly won't sell bottles without labels, so design your own and print them yourself on a printer or order from a print shop. The buyer must recognize your product, it will be your brand, your brand.

Another advantage of such a business is that you do not need to spend money on advertising, go to the points selling alcoholic products and offer your product. There will definitely be those who want to sell your product, of course, for a certain percentage of sales.

And at first, make the price of your product low enough, and only after you see that there is a demand for your products, gradually raise the price, making it approximately average among similar products.

Try, maybe just this business will help you, if not get rich, then become a completely wealthy person. If things go well, then you may have to open your own distillery.

Turnover of alcoholic products in Russian Federation is a legislative matter. To regulate its production and turnover, back in 1995, Federal Law No. 171-FZ of November 22, 1995 was adopted, which is still in force to this day, however, with many amendments and changes.

In order for all the requirements prescribed by law to be properly implemented, there is a special supervisory body - the Federal Service "Rosalkogolregulirovanie".

The main task of the Service, as well as the entire Federal Law, is to prevent the distribution of low-quality alcoholic products on the market in order to protect consumers from fakes and simply low-quality products, to protect them from criminal dealers of clandestinely produced products containing ethyl alcohol.

First of all, the law gives a clear list of concepts and definitions so that there are no discrepancies in its interpretation:

concept	Interpretation
Turnover of alcoholic products	Purchase, supply (export), retail, storage, transportation
The circle of persons involved in the turnover of products	All types of organizations, regardless of the form of ownership, involved in the production and circulation of ethyl alcohol, alcoholic and alcohol-containing products; Individual entrepreneurs engaged in the retail sale of non-food products containing alcohol, beer and beer drinks, apple cider, mead; individuals who are in labor relations with the listed entities. activities; consumers
Alcoholic products	Products (food), which in the final volume of the finished product contains more than 0.5% ethyl alcohol - vodka, wines (grape, liqueur, fruit, sparkling), cider, beer,

When a license is needed

So, what types of products are subject to state licensing? If the content of ethyl alcohol in the product does not exceed 15%, a license for such alcoholic products is not required and it can be produced and sold on a common basis.

However, the manufacturer must remember that the above The federal law divides products with an alcohol content exceeding 15% into food (semi-finished products for alcoholic products - wine material, emulsion, must) and non-food (perfumes, paints and varnishes), and prescribes that they do not require licensing:

• sale (retail) of alcohol-containing products for non-food purposes;
• production, purchase and distribution of beer and beer drinks;
• purchase and transportation of liquids containing alcohol, which is used as a raw material or for technical needs, but the annual volume should not exceed 2000 liters.

Conclusion: to implement entrepreneurial activity for the supply, production and sale of alcoholic food products with an alcohol content of more than 15%, it is necessary to obtain a state license.

Types and price

The sale of alcohol-containing products subject to licensing is divided into:

• wholesale - upon receipt of such licenses, additional requirements are put forward for the availability storage facilities sufficient area and relevant technical characteristics;
• retail - for catering establishments, cafes, bars, restaurants, shops.

For a small business, obtaining a license to sell alcohol is too expensive. Such a high bar is explained by the desire of the state to allow only those suppliers on the market who can provide the consumer with a truly high-quality product.

Those businessmen for whom the amount of state duty for wholesale trade is still too high, you should start with retail and a license for 65,000 rubles.

Requirements for obtaining an alcohol license in 2019

To simplify the difficult fate of entrepreneurs, non-state intermediary companies entered the market, having received license certificates for the provision of services for obtaining licenses for the sale of alcohol for individuals and legal entities. They assist their clients, advise them, renew their existing ones and obtain new licenses for them.

An application for obtaining the right to carry out retail trade in alcohol is submitted to the Department for the Development of Entrepreneurship and Trade at the place of registration of the subject economic activity. The license itself is issued strictly by Rosalkogolregulirovanie.

No more than 30 calendar days must elapse between filing an application and obtaining a license.

Possible reasons for refusal to obtain a license

It can happen like this: a huge package of documents has been collected, some of them have been notarized (which also costs money!), Finally, funds have been found for the state duty to obtain the coveted license. It would seem that the matter is small: put it all on the table of an official and wait for the deadline established by law in order to start making fabulous profits.

But in reality it turns out a little differently - everything is so, but until the moment the license is obtained.

Getting a license is often denied, and here's why. Overdue statutory documents, erroneously executed, fictitious or completely unspecified data about the applicant, requirements for authorized capital and its payment are ignored by the applicant, the premises are unusable, tax debts have not been repaid. Anyway, you can re-submit documents.

But! Neither the state fee, nor the package of documents, in case of refusal, no one will return. Therefore, they should be taken as seriously and responsibly as possible.

Liquor license expiration dates

You will have to get a license to sell alcohol (wholesale or retail) more than once. If further sales of products are planned, then a license with the entire package of documents will have to be issued once a year, or it should be issued immediately for 5 years with the payment of the appropriate state duty.

Benefits from the alcohol business in 2019

One of the most profitable species business activities that are different high profitability, has always been considered retail alcoholic products.

Despite the high costs in preparing documentation, bringing the premises to compliance technical requirements, all of them will more than pay off in the first few months of the outlet's operation. To achieve higher rates in making a profit, several basic conditions must be observed so that the business becomes profitable from the first days of its work.

Since the retail trade in alcoholic products requires trading area with a square of at least 50 m 2, it is better if not only alcoholic drinks are sold on such a large area, but also food, cooking, groceries, tobacco products.

Practice shows that "alcohol boutiques", where only alcoholic beverages are sold, are not yet very popular in the territory of the Russian Federation.

It is important to consider that the percentage of the most popular drinks: vodka, cognac, beer and whiskey should be 70% of the total share of alcohol production. However, on the eve of New Year's or women's holidays, when the demand for wine and champagne increases sharply, their supply should be sufficient to provide the buyer in full, and outlet good earnings.

fines

The already considerable degree of responsibility to the consumer was noticeably tightened by the Federal Law No. 365-FZ adopted in December 2013.

In accordance with its articles, a negligent entrepreneur must pay a fine of up to 15,000 rubles, and organizations - up to 300,000 rubles. In addition to paying a fine, the regulatory authority must confiscate all alcoholic products sold without a license.

In case of non-compliance of the object with licensing requirements, even if there is a license, trade in the store or the operation of a cafe or bar will be terminated for up to 3 months.

The sale of goods with fictitious excise stamps is punishable by a fine of up to 300,000 rubles and the complete confiscation of the entire batch of the product. Moreover, ignorance will not exempt from responsibility and it will not be possible to hide behind the fact that alcohol in this form was received from the supplier.

Well, the loudest "novelty" of 2018 for those involved in retail alcohol, was the introduction from January 1 of the Unified State Automated Information System.

What does the law prescribe? From 1.01.2016 everyone who produces, sells alcohol wholesale and retail must connect to EGAIS in order to send information about their sales to the Rosalkogolregulirovanie Service from July 1, 2016.

In other words, the system will contain data on who, when each bottle of alcoholic beverages was produced, what is its composition, volume and strength.

So here is another potential fine for an entrepreneur: not connecting to the system will cost up to 15,000 rubles for individuals and up to 200,000 rubles for legal entities.

Learn how to get a license for alcohol from the video.

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