Federal State Unitary Enterprise rfats vniief. Nuclear Center. How Russian Railways and the Federal Nuclear Center jointly develop software
The economic development of the city is determined, first of all, by the activities of its main city-forming enterprise - RFNC-VNIIEF.
Russian Federal Nuclear Center - All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Physics (RFNC-VNIIEF) - federal state unitary enterprise State Corporation for Atomic Energy "Rosatom". The Institute was founded in 1946 to implement the Soviet nuclear project. The first domestic atomic and hydrogen bombs were developed here.
Director - Kostyukov Valentin Efimovich.
At the moment, about 24 thousand people work at the institute. The Institute has a powerful experimental and testing base. This includes a complex for gas-dynamic testing of products and explosives, complexes for mechanical, thermal and climatic testing of nuclear charges and ammunition, irradiation and laser installations, and a complex for aeroballistic testing. The computing base of the institute, which has powerful mathematical software, is currently one of the largest in Russia.
Enterprise history:
The starting point of the history of RFNC-VNIIEF can be considered April 9, 1946, when the Decree of the Council of Ministers of the USSR N 805-327ss was issued on the creation of the design bureau KB-11 at Laboratory N 2 of the USSR Academy of Sciences, one of the most secret enterprises for the development of domestic nuclear weapons. By the same decree, Deputy Minister of Transport Engineering P. M. Zernov was appointed head of KB-11, and Professor Yu. B. Khariton was appointed chief designer.
Plant N 550 of the People's Commissariat of Ammunition, which produced artillery shells, was chosen as the base for the deployment of KB-11. The plant was located in the village of Sarova, Gorky region, where the famous Sarov Monastery once was located. The leaders of KB-11 selected specialists for the first Soviet nuclear center regardless of their departmental affiliation. Most of the specialists who came to KB-11 in the early years were bright personalities, thought outside the box, and had a huge intellectual potential. In addition to scientists and engineers, a significant contribution to the creation of the first domestic atomic bomb was made by highly qualified workers, without whom it was impossible to implement bold technical solutions.
In just a few years, a high-tech and knowledge-intensive industry was created in a country bled dry by war, capable of solving the most difficult tasks to ensure the security of the Fatherland. KB-11 has become one of the leading enterprises in the industry. Already on August 29, 1949, the first domestic atomic bomb RDS-1, created here, was tested. Having mastered the secrets of nuclear weapons, our Motherland for many years ensured the military-defense parity of the two leading states of the world - the USSR and the USA. The nuclear shield, the first link of which was the legendary product RDS-1, still protects Russia today. In 1992, by order of the President Russian Federation The All-Union Research Institute of Experimental Physics was given the status of the Russian Federal Nuclear Center.
Today, Federal State Unitary Enterprise RFNC-VNIIEF is the largest scientific and technical center in Russia, which includes several institutes: theoretical and mathematical physics, experimental gas dynamics and explosion physics, nuclear and radiation physics, laser physics research, a scientific and technical center for high energy density physics and directed radiation fluxes, as well as design bureaus and thematic centers, united by a common scientific and administrative leadership.
The rich experience accumulated by RFNC-VNIIEF over more than fifty years of work, the scientific and experimental, mathematical, production and technological base, coupled with highly qualified specialists, make it possible to solve problems not only of a defense nature.
Kostyukov Valentin Efimovich. Doctor of technical sciences, professor. Laureate State Prize Russian Federation in the field of science and technology. He was awarded the Order of Honor, the Order "For Services to the Fatherland" III and IV degrees, the medal "For Labor Distinction", the badge of honor "Gratitude of the Governor".
City
Sarov (Nizhny Novgorod region)
Activity
Federal State Unitary Enterprise "RFNC-VNIIEF" is the largest research center in Russia, solving the most important scientific tasks of national importance, mainly defense ones.
RFNC-VNIIEF includes several institutes: theoretical and mathematical physics, experimental gas dynamics and explosion physics, nuclear and radiation physics, laser physics research, a scientific and technical center for physics of high energy densities and directed radiation fluxes, as well as design bureaus and thematic centers united by a common scientific and administrative leadership.
Federal State Unitary Enterprise "RFNC-VNIIEF" works in the following areas of activity:
carrying out research, development, design and theoretical work in the interests of the country's defense capability;
complex mathematical modeling of physical processes using modern high-performance computing systems;
development of warheads, various kinds weapons;
laser physics research;
physics of interaction of laser radiation with matter;
inertial thermonuclear fusion;
radiation technologies and radiation safety;
high voltage equipment;
electronic computers, new mathematical methods and programs;
security environment, environmental monitoring;
nuclear power safety;
development and implementation modern means accounting and control of fissile materials;
arms control and non-proliferation of weapons of mass destruction;
technologies for creating new materials;
intensification of production, transportation and processing of oil and gas; medical equipment and tools.
Benefits and working conditions (unique benefits)
RFNC-VNIIEF is a socially oriented enterprise with great traditions:
1. For the first 3 years of work, a guaranteed level is established for young professionals wages, annually indexed upwards (in 2019 - 46,500 rubles)
2. The institute has a program for the adaptation and retention of young specialists at the enterprise.
3. Out-of-town young specialists are paid lump-sum payments upon employment (20,000 rubles), as well as payment for travel and luggage from their place of residence to the enterprise.
4. The possibility of continuing education in graduate school.
5. Provision of a comfortable hostel.
6. The possibility of building your own housing on preferential terms.
7. Industry-leading benefit package
Opportunities for students and graduates
You have a unique opportunity to get a profession of the future at an enterprise where a powerful scientific and technical potential and a wealth of experience in solving the most complex non-traditional problems are concentrated. In candidates, we expect to see competence (achievement in the diploma above 4, and in major disciplines above 4.5 points), purposefulness, high efficiency in work. The selection of young professionals is carried out at job fairs, personal meetings of company representatives with students, as well as by sending resumes to [email protected] Each student is interviewed by phone. Scroll required documents for registration at RFNC-VNIIEF is located on the website vniief.ru in the "Career" section.
RFNC-VNIIEF invites university students, starting from the 3rd year, to study industrial practice, undergraduate practice and graduation design and provides free accommodation.
The Russian Federal Nuclear Center - All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Physics (RFNC-VNIIEF) is a federal state unitary enterprise of the state corporation Rosatom. The Institute was founded in 1946 to implement the Soviet nuclear project. The first domestic atomic and hydrogen bombs were developed here.
Federal State Unitary Enterprise RFNC-VNIIEF is the largest scientific and technical center in Russia, which includes several institutes: theoretical and mathematical physics, experimental gas dynamics and explosion physics, nuclear and radiation physics, laser physics research, scientific and technical center for physics of high energy densities and directed radiation fluxes, as well as design bureaus and thematic centers, united by a common scientific and administrative leadership.
More than 20 thousand employees work in the center.
IT in the nuclear center
2018: Development of a PLM system for 5 billion rubles
2014
How Russian Railways and the Federal Nuclear Center jointly develop software
In October, 2014 the vice president for information technologies and development of a control system of Russian Railway Alexey Illarionov told TAdviser about the main directions of technological cooperation of his company with the Federal Nuclear Center in Sarov (RFNC-VNIIEF). According to him, such cooperation has been going on for many years, and its goal is to combine the partners' experience in creating complex and large information systems to give the IT infrastructure of railway transport additional capabilities.
One of the systems jointly developed with Sarov specialists is automated system optimization of train traffic management processes and infrastructure maintenance railway transport based on predictive technologies. The system, in particular, calculates the optimal sufficiency of railway infrastructure resources for the timely delivery of goods to the optimal short time and minimizes the influence of the human factor.
“With the help of this system, taking into account technological and technical limitations in real time, we calculate the optimal resource parameters that ensure the transportation process. On the scale of a company like Russian Railways, this is very important, since saving even on a small percentage of transactions, and there are up to 5-6 million of them per day, means a significant figure in terms of costs, ”explains Alexei Illarionov.
The source material for the development was, in particular, data on the cost of basic technological processes and unproductive losses. The system takes into account such indicators as: throughput various sections of the railway network, the processing capacity of stations, the provision of locomotive crews, the optimal train schedule, etc.
This project has a network-wide scale, but so far the system is being tested at a pilot site - on the Gorky Railway. In the future, it is planned to expand the experimental site to the Northern and Oktyabrskaya railways, and then to the entire network. railways Russia. The system software is deployed in the central data center, and the calculations are carried out taking into account the correspondence that is formed throughout the entire railway network as a whole.
For this system, RFNC-VNIIEF specialists help to create an algorithmic basis, layouts, and also provide integration with other systems: for example, with a transactional database, in order to receive a flow of information about the progress of operational work. Also for this project, RFNC-VNIIEF has developed a special computer complex to support the tasks being solved on parallel computing.
“It would be correct to call this project an innovative and research project, because the resource optimization tasks that we solve are very complex in terms of computational problems and are solved in a very limited amount in the world. And taking into account the specifics of Russian railways, many tasks are even more difficult to solve,” says Alexei Illarionov.
Another major block of joint work between Russian Railways and the Sarov Nuclear Center could be the development of a stack of products based on open source software, both basic and applied, says Illarionov. The former include the operating system platform and DBMS for various tasks(application servers, web applications, etc.), and applied, for example, a system and software for transactional systems.
Representatives of the nuclear center told TAdviser in May 2014 that RFNC-VNIIEF is developing its own platform products based on open source software, and Russian Railways was also informed about the entry into this project later in August.
According to the vice president for IT and management system development at Russian Railways, this project is still under discussion, so it’s too early to talk about the timing of product implementation: a number of organizational and legal issues have to be resolved, including those related to the right to use and modify the original code.
Aleksey Illarionov notes that the use is one of the possible measures, the use of which in such big company how Russian Railways makes it possible to increase the efficiency of the information landscape in terms of IT costs, as well as to improve the company's cyber security.
Development of software to replace Windows OS and Oracle DBMS
The Federal Nuclear Center in Sarov (RFYaTs-VNIIEF) develops own OS under the name "Synergy", the deputy director for IT of the nuclear center reported in May, 2014 Oleg Krivosheev. He told TAdviser that this system uses the Linux kernel, and about 70 employees of the nuclear center are involved in its development. A pilot version of Synergy OS is already being used in “special systems”.
In addition to the Synergy OS, RFNC-VNIIEF specialists are also developing their own DBMS and a hypervisor for virtualization, the deputy IT director of the Sarov nuclear center told TAdviser. The former uses PostgreSQL () open source software as the basis, and the hypervisor, like the OS, is based on Linux.
RFNC-VNIIEF is developing this software in order to ensure the import independence of the standard model created by the center information system nuclear weapons complex (TIS YOK). Over time, it is planned to replicate it at all enterprises of the industry, and in the future - to develop a standard platform for defense industry enterprises on the basis of this system. The Sarov Nuclear Center acts as a test site for the use of TIS NWC.
Among the components of TIS YOK are complexes of systems that provide end-to-end 3D design technology, enterprise management, resources and production. In TIS YOK systems, domestic software is already involved to the maximum: for example, end-to-end 3D design technology is based on Ascon software, and the ERP system is based on Alfa System software developed by Informkontakt.
OS "Synergy" and own DBMS will allow to refuse OS Windows and DBMS Oracle and SQL which are used now, Oleg Krivosheev explained to TAdviser. The hypervisor, in turn, should replace the VMware software used in the RFNC-VNIIEF data center, where the TIS NUC systems are located.
According to Oleg Krivosheev, it is planned to certify proprietary software for working with state secrets and use it as platforms for the operation of the main systems included in the TIS NUC, and the OS also for users' workstations who work with these systems. As of May, negotiations are underway with Russian software developers in order to ensure that their solutions used in TIS YOK can work under the OS and DBMS developed by the Sarov nuclear center, he adds.
It is planned to completely complete development of own OS, hypervisor and DBMS, and also to certify this software in 2016, Oleg Krivosheev reported TAdviser. He also noted that certification is a long stage, which takes about 9 months.
2013: Commissioning of the ERP system
In February 2013, Rosatom announced the launch of a standard ERP system at RFNC. Its development was carried out as part of the transformation program information technologies at the enterprises of Rosatom, which in 2010 included enterprises of the nuclear weapons complex. .
2011: Program for creating a typical information system for nuclear weapons
In 2011-2014 in the RFNC-VNIIEF pilot zone, a program is being implemented to create a standard information system (TIS of NWC enterprises). Program projects are grouped in such areas as business applications, systems industrial automation– end-to-end cycles, 3D design, IT infrastructure »
Russian Federal Nuclear Center - All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Physics (RFNC-VNIIEF)- federal state unitary enterprise of the State Atomic Energy Corporation "Rosatom". RFNC-VNIIEF is the country's largest research institute that solves complex problems of defense, scientific and national economic importance. Founded in 1946, the institute made a decisive contribution to the creation of nuclear and thermonuclear weapons in the USSR and the elimination of the US atomic monopoly. The first domestic atomic and hydrogen bombs were developed here. The activities of the institute ensured the achievement of world nuclear equilibrium in the years " cold war", kept mankind from global military conflicts. VNIIEF laid the foundation for the implementation of a large-scale program of the Soviet Union to conduct nuclear explosions for peaceful purposes. In 1962, the unique task of igniting and burning thermonuclear fuel in the absence of fissile materials was solved. It was important step on the way to thermonuclear energy of the future.
The high scientific and technical potential, breadth and variety of tasks solved by the RFNC-VNIIEF team are largely determined by the talent and energy of the outstanding scientists who stood at the origins of the institute. Created by them scientific schools got further development. This allows you to acquire new knowledge in various fields of science and technology, create new developments and high technologies.
Such outstanding scientists as I. V. Kurchatov, Yu. B. Khariton, Ya. B. Zeldovich, A. D. Sakharov, N. N. Bogolyubov, M. A. Lavrentiev, I. E. Tamm G. N. Flerov, E. A. Negin, S. G. Kocharyants, A. I. Pavlovsky, Yu. N. Babaev, S. B. Kormer and many others. They have created much of what the national science is proud of. The current generation of specialists of the institute, together with outstanding scientists of the older generation, continues these glorious traditions. Large scientific schools of physicists, mathematicians, designers, experimenters, technologists, and chemists have been created and are developing at the institute.
The main task of the nuclear center today is to ensure and maintain the reliability and safety of Russia's nuclear weapons.
RFNC-VNIIEF has a powerful design, experimental, testing, technological and production base, which allows it to quickly and efficiently solve the tasks assigned to it.
RFNC-VNIIEF includes several institutes: theoretical and mathematical physics, experimental gas dynamics and explosion physics, nuclear and radiation physics, laser physics research, a scientific and technical center for high energy densities, as well as design bureaus and thematic centers united by a common scientific and administrative leadership.
The Institute is intensively working to improve specifications nuclear weapons, their effectiveness, safety and reliability. AT modern conditions When the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty is in force, the main directions of research on solving nuclear weapons problems are concentrated in the computational-theoretical, design and experimental divisions of the Institute.
The nuclear weapons activities of RFNC-VNIIEF are carried out in accordance with government programs for the development of nuclear weapons and the country's nuclear weapons complex within the framework of Russia's obligations to implement the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons and agreements to improve the export control system. The RFNC-VNIIEF quality management system on defense topics is certified for compliance with the requirements of the current state military standards of the Russian Federation.
High scientific and technical potential allows RFNC-VNIIEF to expand the scope of research and development and quickly develop new areas high technology, obtain world-class scientific results, conduct unique fundamental and applied research.
By open scientific directions Since the beginning of the 1990s, international scientific and technical cooperation has been intensively developing.
