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Price list concept. Price list. General recommendations. To the village to grandfather

Communicating with representatives of the service business of various areas, we often face the need to maintain a price list of services or works. For some, this is a document of hundreds of positions, for others, a catalog in which several key lines are recorded. The cost in the price list of most companies, of course, is in rubles. Some conduct billing in standard hours or points. As part of the preparation of this article, we analyzed about 30 organizations - representatives of medium and small service businesses:

maintenance of gas distribution systems;
IT outsourcing;
maintenance of video equipment;
repair of office equipment;
service of objects of trade;
Housing department, HOA, management companies, etc.

And now we can say for sure why a service company needs a price list, whether it is possible to do without it and what it should be like. Let's figure it out!

Price list of services. What are the features?

In everyday life, we often encounter the cost of certain services: beauty salons, taxis, repairs, etc. Service companies working with legal entities on treaties and contracts, price lists are just as necessary. First, they make it possible to formalize interaction on a large number of issues. Secondly, the presence of a price list increases the transparency of contractual and financial relations customer with a service company. In fact, the presence of such a cost guide for an organization is a set of rules that allow you to regulate specific conditions for the provision of services or the performance of work in the framework of interaction with customers. Note that the lack of value or its uncertainty may be due to the following factors:

VIP service / one-time job. Practiced within the framework of relationships with specific customers. Often on request.
Execution "on order". By the way, this is the wording that can be used in the price list.
Uniqueness of the offer for the market.

Hierarchical price list

In most companies, the catalog of billed works or services is hierarchical.
Here is an example of a multi-level price list for the repair of scanners from the site of one of our clients:

Standard hours and specifics in the development of a price list

In cases where some services can be provided at different prices depending on different parameters, some service companies form a price list for man/hours. That is, the conditional “Building and installing batteries” “costs” - 4 people / hour, and “Consultation on the system. Basic” — 0.5 person/hour.
Amount of payment for various types and price list positions may depend on the model of the asset being serviced, the capacity of the equipment, the remoteness of the facility, etc. In such cases, it is often more convenient to charge per hour of working time. Standard hours for payment for the services provided are used in order to simplify the relationship between the client and the performing company. This practice is quite common in other countries.

Depending on the specifics of the activity, the position in the price list and its cost can be for 1 meter, for 1 circuit, for every 100 watts (as when servicing climatic equipment) etc.

Our practice and research shows that price lists often contain coefficients relative to the base cost. They are also listed in the price list. The coefficient can be increasing, for example, due to the involvement of a specialist with a higher qualification, the performance of work at night or outside the work schedule, the remoteness of the object, etc. and lower, for example, in cases of batch execution or for specialized organizations.

The cost may include the cost of auxiliary materials, delivery, etc. However, often the price of spare parts and used parts is not indicated in the price list, as it may depend on the supplier and other external factors. In such cases, this must be specified additionally.

Many companies try to minimize their risks and costs by introducing separate lines for penalties in the catalog of positions.

Tariff and package plans. Subscriber service.

Exists a large number of companies operating without a price list. Service support and provision of services is provided as part of the subscription service. In fact, such a service includes a certain set and number of services, that is, a package. It is for the package that the price is set. Often, packages differ in the scope of included features and quality parameters: response time to an appeal, execution time, the possibility of an emergency departure, service delivery schedule, etc. Sometimes packages or tariff plans are associated with a certain amount of allocated time or the number of jobs served (in the case of IT outsourcing or support centers for software solutions).
Service support and the provision of services within the framework of a monthly fee or at tariffs are more beneficial for the company, as they allow:

plan the workload of employees;
scale business;
increase profitability.

An example of a screenshot of the support section of another client of ours:

It is important that if there package offers and tariff plans, a service company can also offer one-time work, for which there must be a price list.

Price list of services and legislation. Cost regulation and price caps.

For different types services and industries, there is a statutory obligation. So,
in the HOA or management company there must be a price list for the types of services provided. Tariffs for council houses are approved by the mayor's ordinance. However, private companies have the right to determine the cost of services on their own.

According to paragraph 3 of the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of August 15, 1997 N 1025 “On approval of the Rules for consumer services to the population in Russian Federation”, the contractor is obliged to provide reliable information about the services. At the same time, he is obliged to indicate the list of services provided, prices, including those for the materials used, etc. That is, sometimes the availability of a price list for a company is regulated by law.

For some services and their cost, restrictions may be introduced and canceled that establish the maximum price level:

Why does a service company need a price list of services?

Ufff... Let's summarize! :)

The presence of a formed price list is an indicator of the maturity and serious attitude of the company towards the customer. Agree, the provision of services in the “on the market” format, when the cost is determined depending on the weather, mood, impudence of the buyer or the company itself, should finally become a thing of the past. The presence of a price list is, first of all, transparency in relations between the customer and the contractor. And taking into account the fact that the formation of the cost of services in each particular company is not the easiest process (you need to take into account the costs, prices of competitors, lay down the rate of return, etc.) - this is a kind of guarantee of the quality of the entire service business. And finally, the price list can be yours competitive advantage, both in terms of the price component, and in the uniqueness of some positions, including additional features that increase the convenience of interaction and customer loyalty.
And, on the contrary, the absence of such a catalog of costs standard works speaks, among other things, about the lack of efficiency of internal processes and the unpreparedness of the company itself.

Are you a service company that works with legal entities? Then be sure to draw up your price list of services or describe in detail the possibilities of the subscription fee and the proposed tariffs. Let the relationship with your company be transparent for customers, and your business profitable! :)

By the way, our Okdesk helpdesk automation system has a special module for maintaining a price list and using it to form the specification of a completed request.

A well-designed and beautifully designed price list is no less powerful marketing tool than. The benefits of using price lists are underestimated by many entrepreneurs, resulting in loss of customers.

What is a price list?

Dictionaries of business terms define a price list as a list of prices for goods or services offered by an organization. This term is borrowed from of English language and comes from the words "price" (price) and "list" (list). The price list has replaced the previously common word “price list” from everyday life, although the meaning of both words is identical.

Price lists are used by both large suppliers and small entrepreneurs focused, for example, on. Price simplifies the management of the company's assortment, increases the transparency of the company's relationship with customers and increases its profitability.

Price list - how to write?

The correct spelling of the word "price list" is through a hyphen. This option is used, for example, in the academic spelling dictionary compiled by the Vinogradov Institute of the Russian Language, as well as in the Great Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language (2014 edition). As a synonym with a simpler spelling, you can find the word "price list". In addition, often the "price list" is reduced to "price", and the interlocutors understand that we are talking about a list of prices.

Price list structure

To make a price list, you need to understand in what order the information should be presented in it. The price is, in fact, the offer of the company, its purpose is to push the client to purchase. Therefore, the following price list structure is recommended:

goods or services that are subject to discounts and promotions - promotional products, as they attract with the opportunity to benefit from the purchase;
the main offer - we are talking about products that are mainly of interest to customers, about what there is the greatest demand for;
additional assortment - this category includes elements that support the sales of the main assortment;
related products or services - complement the main offer, forming a single complete set with it;
spare parts, components, etc.

Such a procedure for presenting the assortment is considered the most convenient and helps to increase sales after the client has familiarized himself with the price list. Speaking about what can be included in the price list, in addition to the list of goods and prices, it should be noted:

Company name;
logo;
reference data about the company;
additional information about goods and services.

How to make a price list?

Creating a price list can be divided into several stages:

Document formatting in Microsoft Excel. Excel makes it easy to make adjustments to the document, and the tabular format is optimal for the price list.
Creation of names of goods and services. Each company assigns its own product names. The clearer the names are and the better they allow you to group the goods, the more convenient it will be for the client to navigate the price list.
Maximum disclosure of product information. It is recommended to provide the client with as much useful information about goods and services as possible, sorting it into separate columns. For example, if we are talking about goods, it is desirable to indicate not only the price, but also the color, length, width, weight, etc. - everything that matters when choosing.
Adding pictures. Small images can be inserted into the cells of the column following or before the product names - this will make it easier to find the right products when reading the price list.
Separation of the price list into working and client. The working document specifies, among other things, the contact details of suppliers and the cost of purchased products. This price list will facilitate the work of employees so that they can find the phone number of the supplier for a particular product. From the price list for customers, information about suppliers and the cost of production is removed. At the same time, it is not necessary to maintain two documents separately - you can only fill out a working price list, and before sending the file to customers, simply delete the necessary columns and cells and save the document under a different name.
Markup definition. If the company is engaged in commodity business and cooperates with both retailers and wholesale customers, several prices should be indicated in the price list at once - for retail, for wholesale and large wholesale. When determining the margin, you need to rely on the prices of competitors in the niche and your desired earnings.
Rejection of "round" prices. This is not a mandatory requirement, but advice that you should heed. According to psychologists' research, people trust round price values (14000, 800, 1300) less, believing that these figures were taken at random. Customers react best to the numbers 5, 7 and 9, so it is recommended to specify a price, for example, not 5000, but 4970.
Removal of identical products. You need to make sure that there are no identical items in the price list - this can mislead the client.
Sorting. If you have a large assortment, you can divide it into several sheets. At the same time, it is desirable to highlight the sheets themselves in Excel with some catchy colors so that the client notices them when working with the price list. You can do this by right-clicking on the sheet tab and selecting the Tab Color command.
Point of contact with the client. It is important to remember that the price list is a marketing tool and helps. In order for the price list to fully fulfill this function, it needs to be beautifully laid out, checked for errors, and the company's contact details must be indicated. Also on the first sheet you can make a description of the company and a list of advantages over competitors.

An important role is played by the design of the price list. It should follow the following rules:

elements related to each other should be located side by side;
all parts of the text should be visually related to each other, this can be achieved using alignment;
if some elements are repeated, their design must match;
the information in the price list should be organized in such a way that it can be quickly read and found the right position, for this, different colors, outlines, lines, fonts, etc. are used.

How to create a price list online?

On the Internet, you can find many suggestions for creating price lists. Specialists in the field of design and sales offer their services in this area. If your budget allows you to use these services, then it makes sense to turn to professionals.

If you don't want to spend money, you can create a price list online for free and with pictures using Google Sheets. It is a spreadsheet editor similar in function to Excel. At the same time, Google Sheets makes it possible to make changes online and provide access to view or edit documents to an unlimited number of people. Access rights are determined by the creator of the document.

Beautiful price list - sample

It is best to understand how a price list can and should look like with a visual example:

This is an example of a working price list - it shows the purchase price of goods, the products are sorted in alphabetical order, and additional design elements that would help navigate the assortment are not used. But since this is a working price, in this form it is good for company employees.

Price list- an indispensable tool for a consultant, because it contains distributor prices for products (those for which the consultant buys goods), for samples, catalogs and printed literature, and Bonus Points are calculated. The price list is published every 3 weeks, the price list number corresponds to the catalog number. The price list number can be seen in the header. Each consultant receives a free price list upon ordering.

The columns in the Oriflame price list mean:
THE CODE- each Oriflame product has its own code. It can be found in the catalog or on the product packaging.
DISCOUNT- The current discount for this product in the current catalog. Discount calculated from full cost product.
NAME- the product's name
BB- Points-bonuses are the points that Oriflame accrues to you for the purchase of this product. Based on the Bonus Points you have collected, you can take part in the company's promotions and receive valuable gifts and bonuses. Read more about the company's shares
OP- sales volume, i.e. product price without VAT. By sales volume, group turnover is considered and a volume discount is paid.
DC- distributor price, i.e. the price at which a consultant buys a product from a company.
HRC- consumer price - this is the price that is indicated in the catalog.
NP- immediate profit, the difference between PC and DC, i.e. how much money the consultant will earn from the sale of this product.

The Oriflame price list has several sections:
. Catalog novelties - codes and names of goods that first appeared on sale are indicated;
. All products presented in the catalog;
. Catalog special offers - catalog promotions. For example, buy 1 product for 99 rubles, and 2 products for 149 rubles, etc.;
. Minicatalog - sometimes an insert is attached to the catalog - a minicatalog in which you can order products with big discounts;
. Products not listed in the catalog - Oriflame products not listed in the catalog can also be ordered at the Distributor price;
. Testers - codes and prices of probes for products. IMPORTANT! The last 2 digits of the lipstick probe code corresponds to the 2 digits pasted on the base of the probe;
. Exclusively for BC - a price list for a special offer that is valid only for Business Class members (Business Class members - a consultant who placed an order for 150 BB in the previous catalog period).
. Wellness - price list for Wellness products;
. Oriflame corporate materials;
. Catalogs - prices for catalogs and discounts when ordering 5 catalogs or more.

a term that refers to a directory or collection of prices and tariffs for goods, products and services, is the easiest and cheapest way to disseminate information about prices, tariffs or services, helps potential buyers to find out information about the services and goods offered by the company, about the product range

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Price list is, definition

The price list is a directory or a list indicating wholesale, retail, purchase, zone prices and (or) tariffs, systematized in a certain way, defining the parameters of the services provided, by groups and types, covering any list of products, various purposes, materials, various services and , sometimes, them brief characteristics. On stock and are replaced by bulletins, and in books, for example - catalogs.

The price list is price guide for dishes and intended for sale to customers, as well as for the services provided to them.

The price list is a systematized collection of prices by groups and types of goods and services.

The price list is reference table of prices for goods and various services.

The price list is a list of prices for products of a certain range (for example, bakery products, machine tools, televisions, etc.) in accordance with established standards and conditions for the production of these products and their delivery.

The price list is normative production-practical and (or) reference publication containing a systematic list of equipment, production operations, services, indicating prices and, possibly, brief characteristics.

Etymology of the word price list

There are several options for the origin of the price list:

From the German "Preiskurant" - catalog with, price list;

From the German "Preis" - price + "kurant" - chassis;

From German "Preis" - price and French "prix courant" - tracing paper

Formal signs of the price list

As you can see, unlike, for example, an invoice, a price list is not a document subject to strict requirements for structure and content. Formal signs of the price list:

Title of the document (nomenclature list, price list, price list, prices, price list or without a title);

Indication of the degree of completeness of the price list;

The price list in the vast majority of cases (95%) is not approved by anyone;

The price list in the vast majority of cases (94.4%) is not signed;

The date in the price list is in almost all cases;

What is a price list? There is no understanding of this either in the West or in our country. It is believed that the price list is a list of prices for products of a certain range (for example, bread, machine tools, televisions, etc.) in accordance with established standards and conditions for the production of these products and their delivery to the consumer. However, this definition reflects only the outer side of the phenomenon.

And where does the price come from? Complete satisfaction of society's needs leads to the disappearance of prices (air is free, walking on the sidewalk is free, etc.). But as soon as you appear, prices for previously free (for example, paid parking lots) immediately appear. Let's figure it out.

Legal force of the price list

The legal force of a document is a property of an official document, communicated to it by the current one, the competence of the body that issued it and the established procedure for registration. For a document to be valid, it must have the following details:

Document date;

The name of the place of development, publication, adoption or signing of the document;

Signature;

The name of the type of document (except for letters);

Document Number.

As an analogue of a handwritten signature to give electronic document legal force is used electronic digital signature(EDS).

Areas where price lists apply

Price lists are applied in almost all areas:

hairdressers;

Tire fitting;

Printing house;

Beauty Salons;

The medicine.

Price list types

A type is a form, a kind of something that has certain characteristics, as well as a pattern that corresponds to a certain group of objects, phenomena.

General price list

The general price list includes 3 private price lists:

Price list of the market for personal paid consumption;

Price list of the market of the sphere of production;

Salary price list (it is the salary price list that generates the two previous private price lists).

Price list of the market for personal paid consumption

Let's deal with the first private price list - the price list of the market for personal paid consumption. What is happening in this market? If the fund for personal paid consumption is defined and known (and this is the case in conditions of a more or less stable statehood), then:

Better range of products produced by the national economy;

Better production volumes meet the needs of people;

Below list price;

Higher rates of price reduction.

Then it is obvious that the quality of the national economy and its self-regulation is quite high. If, in addition to all of the above, a gradual decrease in prices is carried out, then it increases continuously. Everything seems to be fine. However, if all "this good" occurs in an immoral society, then cheap products become junk for the production of something more expensive. Remember how during the years of Brezhnev's "stagnation" pigs were fattened with cheap bread?

Manufacturing Market Price List

The second private price list is the production market price list. (see product exchange diagram). It is a mirror image of the first private price list in the field of production. Indeed, after all, only what is produced can enter the consumer market.

The "mirror" in this case is the price list qualification level and conscientiousness of personnel, that is, all those involved in the production of goods and services. That is, the price list of salaries - this is the "mirror" that has just been mentioned.

And again, it is necessary to pay attention to the fact that conscientiousness is a derivative of morality and spirituality. Remember, dear older readers (young ones - ask the older ones), how many "non-bearers" appeared in the USSR after Stalin, who carried out what was being produced from work. Especially it began to flourish in the last years of "stagnation". "Everything around is collective farm - everything around is mine!" "What I protect, I have!"

The "Institute of Non-Suns" acquired the scale of a state catastrophe, as it destroyed the system of compliance and commodity weight between themselves. As a result, this state of affairs gave rise among the masses to the formula of relations between the people and the party-Soviet nomenklatura: "They pretend that they pay us a salary, and we pretend that we are working." The reason for this was the same immorality, both at all levels, starting with the leadership of the country, and the bulk of the people.

However, it should be said that the price list of wages, under the dominance of an immoral concept, always turns out to be somewhat distorted, deformed, in relation to the first two. Such a deformation is formed under the influence of:

Contractual remuneration upon presentation of products ("chord" payment). This situation arose when managers of a certain level (especially at the lower levels) were forced to pay for the work performed, but at deliberately high rates, because either "the deadlines were running out" or there was no other workforce, etc. To this end, people formed artels, took vacations from work and left for the wilderness "for hack work", where they offered their services in collective farms, state farms, logging, that is, where there was no necessary labor force.

Mistakes in production management.

In addition to the conditionality of these errors by the wrong choice of focus on meeting human needs, there is a component of relations between people in production, which in turn is determined by the types of mental structure that dominate in society.

All these mistakes from all spheres of society, included in the above three components, are reflected in the general price list for all goods and services.

Errors in the price list - the secret of scarcity

All errors (which are reflected in the price list) both under a planned economy and under market economy appear as consumers. That is, mistakes lead to consumer competition. This kind of competition is called scarcity. Deficit (lat. deficit - not enough):

lack of something;

Goods that are not in sufficient quantity;

But this competition of consumers is hidden by a pyramid of monetary status (wealth) of both ordinary members of society and producers of products. This pyramid gives consumer competition legitimized forms of consumption. These forms of consumption are legitimized by the "law of value". Think about it, dear readers, we were told before perestroika and are still being told that "the West has everything!" But after all, the “everything” is one thing, while the “everything” is completely different for a worker in the West! And the difference between one and the other is not in desires, but in financial opportunities.

This idea can and should be continued. 5% of the population of the planet Earth lives in, and these 5% consume as much as 40% of the oil produced all over the world and almost 50% of all goods produced in the world. If the remaining 95% of the planet's humanity begins to live according to the American way of life, then the planet will not survive, it will be "gnawed" in a matter of years.

Therefore, the globalizers will never allow this. It is for this reason that the globalizers decided to restructure the entire world National economy. For the same reason, the globalizers are carrying out a plan to discredit the United States in the eyes of all mankind. They need to "put out the beacon", which many countries and peoples have oriented themselves to.

Remember how in the USSR there were "our lighthouses" - "Stakhanovites", "Zagladovites". The administration of enterprises created them best conditions for work: new machine, best tool, timely repairs, blanks. Due to this, the "lighthouses" exceeded their plans, and for this they were given apartments without a queue and vouchers to sanatoriums.

And the rest of the suckers were told: "Work like Stakhanovites, then we will give you all this." The suckers worked with all their might, but either the machine will break, or the workpieces will not be delivered on time, or the cutter will become dull ... The same system under the control of globalizers operates at the world level.

Errors in the price list - the secret of competition

Now we will finish consideration of a question on the price list. We settled on the fact that all errors in the management of society as a whole are reflected in the price list for all goods and services. In this case, both in a planned economy and in a market economy, the price list appears as consumer competition (there is a shortage).

This competition is hidden by a pyramid (scale, rating) of people's financial capabilities: the difference is not in people's desires, but in their financial capabilities. Outwardly, the competition of various industries for money is visible and propagated at the top of its voice. That's what the "market people" are buzzing about, saying that this competition of production for profits is the "engine of progress."

Laziness is the engine of progress

In fact, the main thing that owes its existence to both the current credit and financial system (CFS) and the price list is consumer competition! But about this, as soon as what has been said, everyone, both Western and domestic "economic darks," is silent.

Economic "darkness"

Thus, we expand the conclusion made earlier. The price list for all goods and services is a vector of errors in the management of society as a whole, and it is inseparable from the CFS. This immediately follows:

The credit and financial system is a management tool that can ensure the stability of all product exchange processes in social production all goods and services and their consumption by people, even in the case of erroneous self-government of society;

The credit and financial system is a means of distributing products in society, with its deliberate shortage in relation to the needs of society.

At the same time, it is necessary to remember that the FSC does not work by itself. FSC is a tool that is in the hands of certain people. And what kind of people they are, what their ideals are, what type of structure of their psyche, the work of the FSC depends on it. In other words, the CPS depends on the chosen concept of managing all social processes, which in turn is determined by the conceptual power.

Credit - financial system. Legalized robbery.

The price list is drawn up in the form of a document and approved, it can also be drawn up as an annex to the order - in budget organizations.

Almost every trading company has its own price list. After all, it is the easiest and most inexpensive way to disseminate information about goods and services. The price list can be distributed at exhibitions, can be sent by mail, etc. A correctly drawn up price list is an important component for.

Write at the very top of the sheet: "Price list". Next, add for what type of product, goods or services the document is being drawn up, its serial number. Indicate from what date these tariffs are valid. For example, write: "Introduced from December 01, 2012". Please enter the name of the company next to it.

Create a price list table. In the header of the table in the first column, write: the number of the product (service). In the second column, write: the name of the product (work or service). Name the third column: tariffs including VAT, and you can add the fourth column if necessary: prices without VAT.

Draw rows near the table - there should be as many rows as there are goods that you want to add to this price list. Enter the data in the resulting table. You can list items alphabetically or by price. For example, start filling out the table with the product that has the lowest price, and then continue to enter products as the cost increases.

Break the price list into several tables if the goods (works) are divided by purpose or their prices depend on the time of day. At the same time, you can add required amount columns. If you are compiling a price list for services, you can additionally indicate in the table: the estimated duration of the service, the cost with a visit to the client and the cost without leaving, the provision of services in individually, urgent services.

Provide notes below the table. They may include information that reflects when and by whom these tariffs were drawn up, from which date this document will take effect. You can specify the amount of compensation in case of failure to perform work, in case of inadequate quality of a service or product.

Coordinate the finished price list with the manager and accountant. Sign and affix the seal of the company.

The price list must contain the date of its compilation or the date from which these prices come into effect. Please note that it is desirable to have a price list not only in paper form, but also in electronic form. Try to make the price list convenient for customers. But don't print redundant information that can harm the company in one way or another. Don't overload the price list with different fonts, lots of colors, or a very long list of procedures. It's tiring. There must be a measure in everything.

There should not be many corporate services. Otherwise, the idea itself will lose its meaning. If 90% of the procedures in the price list become branded, you risk causing well-founded grins from customers. In addition, it is very important not to deceive the expectations of your visitors. If the products on which branded services are performed are not of a very high level, you risk losing customers. What then can be said about classic services if branded ones are of very dubious quality.

A modern, colorful and tastefully designed price list can become a true masterpiece. Attractive "menu" design is the first step not only to the original image of the beauty salon, but also to increase its profit. After all, judging by psychologists, up to 60% of people are pronounced visuals. And this means that most of us perceive information, first of all, visually. With a small investment in procedure illustrations, you have another opportunity to increase sales. People want to know what they are paying for. And when they see colorful pictures, they get the service that really interested them.

Video tutorial on drawing up a price list

Invariant in the price list

What does an invariant mean in a price list? The price list is the current prices for all products. The invariant is:

Self-value (a product that has its own price);

A means of measuring the value of other goods and services.

Bananas 39 rubles = 0.6 dollars;

Oranges cost 65 - 196 rubles = 1 - 3 dollars;

Cherry 222 rubles = 3.4 dollars;

Grapefruit 65 rubles = 1 dollar;

Seedless grapes 163 rubles = 2.5 dollars;

Lemon 105 rubles = 1.6 dollars;

Peaches 105 rubles = 1.6 dollars;

Pears 92 rubles = 1.4 dollars;

Strawberries 105 rubles = 1.6 dollars;

Potatoes 46 rubles = 0.7 dollars;

Tomatoes 92 rubles = 1.4 dollars;

Broccoli 105 rubles = 1.6 dollars;

Cabbage 46 rubles = 0.7 dollars;

Celery 59 rubles = 0.9 dollars;

Sweet pepper 157 rubles = 2.4 dollars;

Soup in a cafe 210 rubles = 3 euros;

Beer in a restaurant 245 rubles = 3.5 euros;

Beer in a supermarket costs 70 rubles = 1 euro;

Fruit salad in the store 300 gr. 140 - 210 rubles = 2 - 3 euros;

The average price of a hamburger is 210 rubles = 3 euros;

Coffee in a cafe from 64 rubles = 1.30;

Dinner in a restaurant per person 883 rubles = 18 Canadian dollars;

Steak in a steakhouse 1,128 rubles = 23 Canadian dollars.

Price list in China

Some examples of price lists in .

Prices for food in a cafe for locals and tourists:

Sausages fried on the street 26 rubles = 2.5;

Pelmeni (with beef or pork) for 12 pcs. 51 rubles = 5 yuan;

Rice with roast duck in a tourist cafe 123 rubles = 12 yuan.

Price list as a source of information

A cursory study of several price lists allowed us to put forward the main hypothesis. The price list as a source of information on the market allows you to obtain the following information:

Information about the client;

Information about its suppliers;

Information about the properties of the goods;

Information about the company itself in the price list

It should be noted that not all enterprises use in their practice the distribution of price lists in one form or another (placement at points of sale, mailing, distribution at exhibitions, mailing by fax, mailing by e-mail, posting on the Internet, publication in the press, etc.). P.).

Membership in associations mentioned in the price list

It is known from practice that even in cases where this is not mentioned in the price list, an organization may be a member of some kind, be a member of a chamber of commerce or, for example, an employers' union. Therefore, to study this issue, it is advisable to use other sources.

Presence of parent and subsidiaries listed in the price list

Subsidiaries are mentioned mainly when listing branches and representative offices of an enterprise in other regions. In reality, the situation may differ. An analysis made using data from the SKRIN system showed that many enterprises have affiliated organizations. An analysis of company websites showed that some organizations are members, while this is not mentioned in the price lists. Therefore, it is better to study this issue with the help of other sources.

Payment details in the price list

By studying the payment details, you can make both a more complete picture of the company (registration area in which the organization's current account is located, etc.), and quickly find it in various databases by TIN, PSRN or current account.

Coordinates indicated in the price list

In the vast majority of cases, the price lists indicate:

Address Email;

The site of the company;

Addresses of representative offices;

Phones of managers;

Coordinates of the person responsible for a certain region or group of goods.

Manual listed in the price list

Most often in the price lists there is no mention of specific names. Where they exist, they are most often mentioned CEO, commercial director, deputy commercial director for sales. At the same time, one, maximum two managers are mentioned in the price lists. Most often, the surname and initials of these persons appear in the price lists. Therefore, the role of the price list as a source of information about the company's management is also low. For this purpose, it is better, firstly, to study the competitor's website (sections "How to contact us", often the site contains telephone numbers of the reception, heads of departments, press secretaries; "News", etc.), and secondly, you can just call the reception and find out the full name and coordinates of the right people.

Structure of the enterprise based on the price list

In most cases, it is impossible to extract information about the structure of the enterprise from the price list. Even in cases where the telephone numbers of two or more structural units of the enterprise are indicated in the price list, this information does not exhaust the entire structure of the enterprise. Most often in the studied price lists are mentioned:

Purchase department;

Production Department;

Marketing and sales;

sales department or sales department.

In some cases, price lists contain references to the specialization of managers on a territorial basis or by product.

Thus, it is also better to study the structure of an enterprise not with the help of a price list, but with the help of site analysis. In some cases, an internal telephone directory is laid out on the site, sometimes the structure of the company is laid out on the site in the form of a diagram. In cases where this information is not presented, it is necessary to pay attention to the "News" and "Vacancies" sections - they often contain information about individual elements of the enterprise structure. In addition, to study the structure of the company, it can be useful to visit it - sometimes it is enough to study the signs on the doors to get an idea of the structure of the company.

Company profile based on the price list

When analyzing the price list, you can find out whether the enterprise under study is a manufacturer or product, but not in all cases. The fact that an enterprise is a manufacturer of products can be indicated by its name (the name contains the word "factory") or the words "manufacturer", "we produce", etc. This point is important, especially when price lists are collected at specialized exhibitions, as well as when the price list is not studied by the person who originally received it. In order to determine whether an organization is a supplier or manufacturer of a particular product, it is usually sufficient to telephone conversation or site analysis.

Information about suppliers in the price list

Trading organizations in their lists most often do not indicate the products of which enterprise they sell. Where this is indicated, it is most often stated that the firm is official distributor, or an official representative of a particular plant or plants. In some cases, the wording "We offer you the products of the plant ..." is used.

It should be noted that this is the root of numerous errors made in the analysis of price lists. Often compared products with the same label, but different manufacturers. One and the same product is made either in compliance with all the requirements provided for by the relevant regulatory documents, or ignoring some of them. Due to the use of low-quality components, unscrupulous manufacturers save on raw materials, as a result of which they are able to sell their goods cheaper than competitors. It should be noted that in some cases the name of the manufacturer is encrypted in the product brand, and

Study the site (sections "News", "Useful links", "Our partners"; "Regulatory materials", "Certificates", etc.);

Ask about it directly, emphasizing that it is the product of a certain supplier that is needed, as a result of which, in the process of persuasion, information about the supplier of the product may slip;

Request product certificates (in certificates in without fail the manufacturer of the goods or its coordinates are indicated) or certificates stating that the goods are not subject to mandatory certification (they also mention the manufacturer);

Find an excuse to visit a competitor's warehouse, where to pay attention to appearance products, tags, stickers, etc. - in many cases this is enough to identify suppliers;

Find organizations that make purchases in the company under study and try to get the necessary information from them.

The situation will be greatly simplified if this client takes products from both the company under study and the company that conducts this study - in this case, if there are informal relationships, this information is usually easy to obtain.

Information about the product in the price list

By studying the price list, you can find out this or that information about the goods.

Completeness of the list of assortment in the price list

By studying the price list, you can get an idea of commodity nomenclature sold by the company. In the vast majority of cases, this list is incomplete, since most enterprises supply non-standard products, which are problematic to take into account in the price list. When analyzing a specific price list, this situation can be diagnosed by a number of signs.New

The quality of the price list goods

In most cases, it is impossible to judge the quality of a product offered by a particular company when studying the price list. Only in some cases indirect information about this can be obtained from references normative documents and certification systems. In some cases, the price lists mention that the goods are of high quality or comply with European standards without specific references to the relevant documents a number of others are placed at the bottom of the price list. Thus, it is also better to look for information on the quality of goods in other sources: request certificates for certain products, search the Internet for reviews of this particular product, and purchase a small batch of products for its subsequent study.

Scope of the product from the price list

In 47.7% of cases, the goods are divided into groups according to the field of application, in other cases, the brands of the goods are listed in alphabetical order. Therefore, this information also needs to be sought in other sources, primarily in catalogs.

Logistic information marked in the price list

Logistic information is a purposefully collected set of facts, phenomena, events of interest and subject to registration and processing to ensure the management process of the enterprise's LS.

Warehouse or custom item in the price list

Signs that the goods are delivered under the order are:

Mention that the goods are delivered under the order with an indication of the price;

Mention that the goods are delivered to order without specifying a price.

Indirect signs of a custom-made product are an extremely narrow and specific area of its application, the absence of a warehouse stock of this product at the manufacturing plant, high price goods, measured in tens or hundreds of thousands of rubles.

Minimum order quantity from the price list

The minimum order rate is the minimum quantity of products accepted by the supplier for manufacturing for one item of the order. In this case, the total order for all positions should, as a rule, not be less than the transit norm. It is mentioned in only 5.1%, but this phenomenon is much more widespread.

The location of the company's warehouses, given in the price list

The fact that the warehouse and the office are in the same place is evidenced by two signs:

Direct mention of it;

The warehouse address is the same as the office address. In all other cases, it is not possible to unambiguously determine the location of a competitor's warehouse (warehouses) using price list analysis, and for this it is better to use other sources.

Delivery of goods from the price list

In most cases (86.9%), there is no mention of the delivery of goods in the price lists. In some cases (1.4%) it is directly written that the goods are delivered on EXW terms. Thus, the price list as a source of information about the competitor's logistics is not complete and reliable. To study this issue, it is better to use other sources:

Study the company's website, paying attention to the sections "News", "How to find us", etc.;

Find clients of this company, try to get the necessary information from them;

Find suppliers of this company, try to get information from them;

Visit a competitor.

It should be noted that it is extremely undesirable to use the details of non-existent companies in the work, business cards non-existent persons - this work can give a result, but it has a one-time effect, since such a "James Bond" becomes familiar very quickly. In many cases, you can use the help of your customers, who also purchase products from a competitor. In this case, it is enough to agree with this client on a joint visit to the competitor's warehouse (for example, to receive the products ordered by him).

James Bond

Information about the pricing policy in the price list

The company's pricing policy is formed within the framework of the company's overall strategy and includes pricing strategy and tactics.

List prices

In the vast majority of price lists studied, one type of price is given. In some cases, prices have names: wholesale, retail, etc. without indicating the conditions for choosing a particular price, in some cases several types of prices are indicated with an indication of these conditions. It should be noted that this system is not rigid, and managers have the ability to manage the price within certain limits.

List discounts

In some cases, the price lists indicate the terms of provision: they are provided depending on the amount of the order, the long-term cooperation, the volume of the order, the method of payment, the long-term cooperation and the volume of the order.

Prizes indicated in the price list

With regard to or kickbacks, due to the illegality of such sales promotion methods, nothing is said in the price lists, with the exception of some cases where the price list mentions "prizes to suppliers".