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What is the process of innovation management. Goals, objectives and functions of innovation management. The trademark is protected by regulations

Target is the end state, the desired result that any organization seeks to achieve. The goal sets certain development guidelines for a given period of time. On the one hand, the goal acts as a result of forecasts and assessment of the situation, and on the other hand, as a limiter for planned innovative activities.

The goals of innovation management are to find a new technical solution in the field of creating an invention, R&D, organization of mass production, simultaneous preparation and organization of marketing of products, introduction of a new product to the market, consolidation in new markets with the help of more High Quality and product competitiveness.

The implementation of the set goals involves taking into account various kinds of factors, among which the following can be distinguished:

orientation of innovations to the market,

conformity of innovations enterprise goals,

the company's receptivity to innovation,

availability of a source creative ideas,

economically justified system of selection and evaluation of innovative projects,

effective methods of managing innovative projects and monitoring their implementation,

individual and collective responsibility for the results of innovation activity.

Principles of innovation management:

innovation is a decisive condition for the survival of the enterprise, and they must be managed accordingly;

resources allocated to R&D are justified only to the extent that they lead to the achievement of the set goal.

To identify the factors that ensure success, a constant analysis of completed and implemented innovations is required; improving the efficiency of investment in R&D.

Innovation management involves the following tasks (works):

o development and implementation of a unified innovation policy;

o development of projects and programs of innovative activity;

o preparation and review of projects for the creation of new pylon products;

o control over the progress of work on the creation new products and for its implementation;

o financial and material support for innovation projects;

o training and education of personnel for innovative activities;

o the formation of target teams, groups that carry out the solution of innovative projects.

The list of tasks that can be solved in the process of innovation management is quite wide and may differ in relation to product innovations and technological innovations. So, in relation to product innovations, the main tasks that need to be solved will be: research of sales markets and possible ways implementation of new products, research of resource markets; prediction of features and duration of each stage life cycle new product; analysis of the patent purity of a new product and ways to ensure it, determination of methods for protecting a new product; determination of subcontractors for the project of creating a new product; search for options for cooperation with potential competitors in the implementation of technically complex products and high-risk innovations.

These tasks also include: cost analysis, prices, taking into account the volume of production and marketing of a new product to obtain a target profit; efficiency mark innovative project and its attractiveness for investors, ways to attract investment; identification of possible technical and commercial risks, their minimization, insurance methods; definition of an effective marketing strategy, choice organizational form creation, development and placement on the market of a new product; evaluating ideas for creating new products, managing personnel involved in the development and production of a new product, creating a favorable climate and corporate culture.

Of the many tasks solved by innovation management, one can formulate its main task - achieving profitability (benefit) from the implementation of innovative activities.

State innovation system when the effective and coordinated functioning of all its internal and external elements is ensured, is called harmony. Therefore, the main target step of innovative management is to achieve harmony in the development of an innovative enterprise.

Control functions innovation management in general view can be defined as the types (directions) of activities necessary to manage a particular object.

There are two groups of innovation management functions:

1) main functions;

2) providing functions.

The main functions are planning (strategic, current, operational); organization; motivation; control. The main functions of innovation management are common to all types and any conditions of innovation, they reflect the content of the main stages of innovation management.

The supporting functions of innovation management include functions that contribute to the effective implementation of the main functions: socio-psychological and technological or procedural functions. Socio-psychological functions of management are associated with the state industrial relations in a collective. There are two types of them: delegation and motivation.

Delegation- complex management decisions facilitating the rational distribution of work on the management of innovative processes and responsibility for their implementation among the employees of the management apparatus.

Motivation- creation of a system of moral and material incentives for employees of the organization, ensuring their professional level and opportunities career development, i.e. creating conditions that affect human behavior. Rational correlation of delegation of authority and motivation of performers is the main condition for successful management in innovation.

The supporters also include technological functions that allow the implementation of basic and socio-psychological functions and include the preparation, receipt, processing and transfer of information for the successful promotion of innovations.

All of the listed functions of innovation management are interconnected, complement each other, create a holistic functional system innovation management.

Innovation management is a relatively new concept in the scientific, technical, production, technological and administrative spheres of activity of professional managers.

It was only at the beginning of the 20th century that the regularities of technical innovations began to be studied.

Innovation management is a system for managing innovation, the innovation process and relationships that arise in the process of innovation.

Innovation management- an interconnected set of actions aimed at achieving or maintaining the required level of viability and competitiveness of the enterprise with the help of mechanisms for managing innovative processes.

The innovation process is the process of creating, mastering, disseminating and using innovation. Also, the innovation process in relation to a product (goods) can be defined as a process of successive transformation of an idea into a product through the stages of fundamental and applied research, design development, marketing, production, sales.

Innovation management is one of the areas of strategic management carried out at the highest level of the company's management.

Objects of innovation management are innovation and innovation process.

The purpose of innovation management is the establishment of the main vectors of scientific, technical and production activities companies in the following areas of its activity:

Development, improvement and introduction of new products (actually innovative activity);

Further modernization and development of old profitable productions;

Closing of old factories.

One of the main tasks of innovation management is to develop a strategy for the innovations themselves and measures aimed at their implementation. (realization). R&D, development and production of new types of products becomes a priority direction of the company's strategy, as it determines all other directions of its development.

Tasks of innovation management are:

Formulation of the mission (orientation of the organization's activities towards innovation);

Definition of strategic directions of innovative activity and setting goals in each of them;

The choice of the optimal for each direction innovation strategy development;

Development of plans and programs for innovative activities of the enterprise;

Providing finance and material resources innovation activity programs;

Ensuring innovation activities by highly qualified specialists, management by human resourses, motivation of participants of innovative activity;

Overseeing development progress innovative products and its implementation;

Conducting a unified innovation policy: coordination of activities in this area in production units;

Creation of temporary task forces for complete solution innovative problems from idea to serial production.

Systematic assessment of the results of innovation activity.

Innovation management can be considered as an enterprise management system. From this point of view, the innovation management system consists of two subsystems: the control subsystem (subject of control) and the controlled subsystem (object of control).

The subject of management there may be one or a group of employees who carry out the purposeful functioning of the control object.

Control object are innovation, innovation process and economic relations between participants in the innovation market.

Communication of the subject of management with the object of management is carried out through the transfer of information. This transfer of information is the management process.

Innovation management performs certain functions that determine the formation of the structure of the management system.

There are two types of innovation management functions:

- functions of the subject of management;

- functions of the control object.

To functions of the subject of management relate:

Forecasting function - covers the long-term development of changes in the technical, technological and economic state of the control object as a whole and its various parts.

Planning function - covers the whole range of activities for the development of planned targets in the innovation process and for their implementation in practice. When planning, a strategy plan and a plan for its implementation are drawn up. Next, the needs for all types of resources are determined for the implementation of various phases of the innovation project.

The function of an organization is to bring together people who jointly implement an investment program on the basis of some rules and procedures.

The regulation function consists in influencing the control object to achieve the state of stability of the technical, technological and economic systems in the case when these systems deviate from the established parameters.

The coordination function means the coordination of the work of all parts of the management system, the management apparatus and individual specialists.

The incentive function in innovation management is expressed in encouraging employees to be interested in the results of their work in creating and implementing innovations.

The function of control is to check the organization of the innovation process, the plan for creating and implementing innovations, etc. Control and analysis, adjustment of actions, accumulation of experience are carried out. The effectiveness of innovative projects, innovative management decisions is evaluated.

To functions of the control object relate:

Risky investment of capital;

Organization of the innovation process;

Organization of promotion of innovations in the market and its diffusion.

The function of risky capital investment is manifested in the organization of venture financing of investments in the innovation market. Investing in a new product or a new operation is always associated with uncertainty, with great risk. Therefore, it is usually carried out through the creation of innovative venture funds.

The function of promotion and diffusion of innovation manifests itself in the market and consists in creating effective system measures to promote and distribute new products (operations): promotional activities, capture of new sales markets, etc.

Innovation management is based on the following key points:

Search for an idea that serves as the foundation for this innovation;

Organization of the innovation process for this innovation;

The process of promoting and implementing innovation in the market.

The main elements of the innovation environment:

Innovation, i.e. a set of scientific and scientific and technical results or a product of intellectual work;

Commodity producers of competitive products, which act as consumers of certain innovations;

Investors who, at their own peril and risk, provide financing for the entire range of work to create the required innovations;

Innovative infrastructure, that is, the whole set of the most different organizations and institutions, without which the innovation process would develop less efficiently, for example, business incubators, technology parks, legal and consulting companies etc.

The principles of innovation management are:

1) The principle of focusing on future consumers means that the organization's future earnings depend on the distribution of disposable income of future consumers and the company's efforts to include products and services in the sphere of interests of future consumers. Applying the principle of focusing on future consumers will allow the company to actively shape the future needs of consumers, to become an active company that forms new markets and consumer products. The application of the principle of focusing on future consumers makes it possible to determine other principles of innovation management, which will create conditions for the formation of new relationships with enterprising employees of the company, with important and necessary partners, and will attract investors.

2) The principle of leadership leadership in innovation means that the leaders of an innovative company must be able to determine the future mission of the company, develop an innovation strategy, achieve the implementation of innovative creative plans for the development of the company.

3) The principle of partnership with employees means that all employees of the company are given the right to non-standard thinking and non-standard actions, so that employees become equal partners of the company, and on the basis of this partnership they reveal and realize their own abilities to the maximum extent. Innovative employees have own funds production, which is their knowledge, experience and ability to realize their abilities, and therefore they are much more independent from the company than their counterparts who do not participate in innovation.

4) The principle of approach as a project. Future customers are not yet customers of the company, so they may not be interested in existing processes aimed at customer satisfaction, but they can look forward to the completion of innovative projects that, if successful, give them (future customers) the opportunity to become existing customers of the company's products and services. . Project management is the most appropriate type of management to achieve the end result of innovation, to ensure the concentration of resources necessary for this, to ensure the effective achievement of the specified end results.

5) The principle of a systematic approach to management means that the definition, understanding and management of a system of interrelated processes and projects in accordance with the established goal contribute to the continuous development of the organization. Systems approach to management creates the basis for building the trust of future consumers and involving them in the circle of real consumers.

6) The principle of continuous innovation . Future customers are not yet customers of the company, so they are not interested in continuous improvements in products, services and processes that are not currently aimed at them. At the same time, they cannot remain indifferent to continuous innovation, as successfully implemented projects can make them loyal customers of the company.

7) The principle of searching for unrealized opportunities . Winning future customers cannot be based on facts alone. In innovative activity, it is necessary to rely on forecasts, assumptions, hypotheses and other sometimes unreliable data. Innovative companies are more likely to create a new reality and the corresponding new facts of the emergence of fundamentally new products and services that were not previously in demand by anyone, rather than using only existing reliable verified data and facts. Innovative companies are active "hunters" for unrealized opportunities. At the same time, it should be noted that the reliability of forecasts, assumptions and other data should not be canceled; the more reliable the assumptions, the more accurately the product or service is formed for future consumers.

8) The principle of strategic partnership . Strategic partnership interprets relationships more broadly, and not only with suppliers, but also with contractors, with other partners and others interested in end results innovation by companies and non-profit organizations. Winning future consumers is a very ambitious task for one even a very advanced innovative company. In this type of activity, alliances, strategic associations, associations, partners in standardization and certification, etc. are needed. New products and services can take their rightful place among the existing variety of goods only on the basis of joint activities of companies from various industries and services.

A comparison of the principles of innovative management, built on the basis of orientation towards future consumers, with the principles of regular management is shown in Table 1.

Table 1.

Considered principles of innovative management focused on future consumers	Existing principles of regular management based on quality management approaches
- Focus on future consumers	- Orientation to consumers
- Leadership in innovation	- The role of management
- Partnerships with employees	- Employee involvement
- Approach as a project	- Approach as a process
	- System approach to management
- Continuous innovation	- Continuous improvement
- Search for unrealized opportunities	- Fact-based decision making
- Strategic partnership	- Mutually beneficial relationships with suppliers

Final control test for the course "Innovation Management"

1. The main practical goal of innovation management:

1. Increasing the innovative activity of the organization 2. Technological leadership in meeting the pressing

the needs of man and society as a whole 3. The growth of the creative potential of the organization

4. Creation of competitive advantages through the development of new products and technologies

5. Management of innovative transformations

2. Alternative directions of innovative activity in the innovation management system:

1. Diffusion of innovations

+ 2.Product development and modification

3. Conducting exploratory research

4. Commercialization of innovations

5. R & D

3. Comprehensive characteristics of innovation activity,

+ 1. Innovative activity

2.Innovation activity

3.Innovation potential

4. Organizational and technical level of production

5.Innovation culture

4. What does not apply to the elements of the innovation system of the organization

1.Goals and innovation

2.Innovation process and its participants

3.Technology and organizational structure innovation activities

4. Resources and management mechanism + 5. Legal support of innovation activity

5. Not a component of the innovative macro environment (far environment):

1. Resource support for the innovation process 2. Legal regulation of innovation

activities 3.Investment climate

4. Demographic situation

5. State innovation policy

6. Not a component of the innovative microenvironment (near environment):

+ 1.Organizational culture

2.Consumer pressure

3. Conditions of industry competition

4. Resource support for the innovation process

5.Investors and cooperation partners

7. Not a component of innovation internal environment:

+ 1. Infrastructure for innovation

2.Innovation potential

3. Organizational innovation culture

4.Personnel of the organization

5.Production technology

8. What kind of innovative environment in the organization do strategic business zones belong to:

+ 1.Innovative microenvironment

2.Innovative macro environment

3.External microenvironment

4.Environment friendly

5. Innovative macro and micro environments

9. Regulatory regulation of innovative activity of organizations is a component

1.External microenvironment

2.Innovative microenvironment

3.Internal innovation environment

4.Mesoenvironment

+ 5.Innovative macro environment

10. Strategies that ensure the gradual increase or stabilization of the innovative potential of the organization:

+ 1.Extensive development

2.Diversification

3.Integration development

4.Staff development

5.Intensive development

11. Strategies that provide the possibility of a sharp increase in the innovative potential of the organization:

1.Extensive development

2.Diversification

3.Integration development

4.Staff development

+ 5.Intensive development

12. What innovation strategy is used by organizations with strong market and technological positions?

1. Offensive

2.Defensive

3.Focusing

4.Diversification

5. Follow the leader

13. What innovation strategy is chosen by organizations with strong innovation potential in an attractive innovation climate?

1.Innovation leadership

2.Limited growth

3.Cut off excess

4.Copying other people's developments

5. Follow consumer interests

14. What factor has a decisive influence on the choice of an innovation strategy?

1. Top management position

2. Personnel qualification

3. The state of the material base

4. Availability of capital

5. Competitive position of the company

15. What are the names of the strategies that provide an opportunity to overcome the accumulating technological gap of the organization:

+ 1.Innovative development

2.Extensive development

3. Abbreviations

4.Integration development

5.R&D development

16. Innovation is understood as:

+ 1.New method or product

2. New method or product used in practice

2.Rethinking and radically redesigning business processes in the organization

3.Methods used to design and develop a business

4. Development of organizational structure

5. The process of mastering innovation

23. What is the name of the system of interaction between innovators, investors and producers?

1. Market of innovations + 2. Innovation sphere

3.Innovation management

4. Innovation market

5.Innovation activity

24. What are the names of companies that entrepreneurial activity with an increased risk of incurring losses?

1. Venture 2. Innovative 3. Leasing 4. Investment 5. Unitary

25. What is the name of the organizational mechanism of an enterprise that ensures the implementation of an innovative strategy?

+ 1.Innovation potential

2. Strategic potential

3.Innovation project

4.Production capacity

5.Organizational structure

26. What are the goals of the project for the development of the material and technical base of scientific research?

1. Evaluation of the state of research in this area

2. Solving the fundamental problem within the framework of this problem

3. Updating the material and technical base of scientific research

4.Building strategic capacity

5.Search for promising directions

27. What is NOT a component of the innovative capacity of the organization:

1.Scientific and technical potential

2.Production capacity

3. Marketing potential

+ 4. Strategic potential

5.Personnel potential

28. What underlies the organization of innovation activity of all subjects of the innovation process:

1. Cluster analysis

2.Simulation

3. Quantification of factors influencing the innovation process

4. Structuring the innovative goal in the form of a "goal tree"

5.Structural-logical approach

29. The possibility of diffusion of innovations is determined by:

1. Potential for commercialization of innovation

+ 2. The degree of compliance of innovations with parameters

internal and external environment organizations 3. Conditions for the introduction of innovations 4. Features of the internal environment of the organization 5. Class of innovation

30. The period of time covering the life cycle of innovation:

1. From the creation of innovation to its consumption

2.From the beginning of the design of an innovation to the moment of mastering it in production

+ 3.From the origin of an idea with an innovator to the development and use of innovation by the consumer

4.From basic scientific research to the completion of the operating period

5.From the beginning of scientific research to the completion of the mass production period

31. The first stage of the innovation life cycle:

1. Development (implementation) of innovation

2. Consumption of innovation + 3. Creation of innovation

4.Commercialization of innovation (bringing to market)

5. Purchase of innovation by the consumer

32. Commercialization of innovations:

1. Intermediation in the intellectual property market

2. Deal for the sale of intellectual property

techniques and technologies 4. A set of marketing and organizational

activities that ensure the dissemination of innovations

in the scientific and technical field

+ 5. The process of ensuring the commercial use of innovations in the market

33. The main advantage of team innovation as an organizational form of innovation

1. Productivity growth as a result of the functional division of labor

2. Synergistic effect of combining knowledge, skills and abilities

+ 3.Combining the knowledge and competencies of specialists in related functional areas in a single creative process

4. High material interest in the results of innovation 5. Informality of the processes of planning and regulating innovation

34. Who is NOT a possible participant in the innovation process:

+ 1. Bodies state power and management

2.Investors

3. Researchers and developers

4. Industrialists, entrepreneurs and merchants

5.Consumers

35. What is the name of the application for the idea that has arisen anything new that requires attracting the attention of the participants in the innovation process to organize work at all stages and stages of the innovation cycle?

1.Avan project

2.Draft project

3.Business plan

4.Proactive appeal

+ 5.Innovative idea

36. What is the research function

assigned to engineering centers as organizational forms of innovation activity?

1. Search for opportunities for use in production

discoveries and inventions

+ 2.Study of fundamental regularities,

underlying engineering design of fundamentally new engineering systems

3. Development of technology for training and advanced training of engineers to ensure their broad scientific and technical outlook

4. Conducting a wide range of scientific research

37. What is the main purpose of a business incubator?

+ 1.Growing new businesses

2. Providing new enterprises with market advantages

3. Assistance to the enterprise in the conduct of planning and accounting activities

4. Promotion of products of new enterprises to the market

5. Increasing the qualifications of the company's employees

38. In what form is the management and implementation of a complex of innovative projects organized?

+ 1.Innovation programs

2.Business plan

3.Technological park

4.Strategic alliance

5.Small venture enterprise

39. How are individual innovative projects related to each other in innovative programs?

1.Functionally

2. By deadline

3. According to resource constraints

4. By goals

5. Projects don't have to be related

40. In what areas should separate innovative projects in innovative programs be coordinated with each other?

+ 1. By terms, performers and resources

2. According to the goals of the projects

3.By resources

4. According to the composition of performers

5. Consistency of projects is not required

41. What factor predetermines the occurrence of risks in innovation management?

1. Uncertainty of innovative processes 2. Many alternatives in the adoption of innovative

solutions 3. Difference in the characteristics of implementation options

innovation 4. The need to implement various functions

management 5. Subjectivism of management decisions

42. What is the uncertainty in risk management of innovative projects?

1. The impossibility of a complete and exhaustive analysis of all factors affecting the result of specific innovative projects

2. Lack of reliable information about the state of the external environment in the implementation of an innovative project

3. Influence of the "human factor" on the course and results of an innovative project

4. The multiplicity of possible states of the organization

5. Unpredictability of the external environment

43. What is venture capital?

+ 1. Investments attracted in the form of share issue by venture capital companies and potentially

higher rates of market value growth compared to the average market dynamics

2. Investments attracted by the company to finance its innovative projects

3.Part equity organization sent to conduct fundamental research

4. Funds received in the form of gratuitous loans directed to the development of new technology

5. Own capital invested in shares of companies engaged in research activities

44. What is the discounting operation in determining the profitability of innovative projects?

1. In adjusting the economic indicators of an innovative project for inflation

2. In adjusting the economic indicators of an innovative project, taking into account project risks

3. In adjusting the economic indicators of an innovative project, taking into account possible alternative capital investments

4. In bringing the economic indicators of an innovative project to a currency equivalent

+ 5. In bringing the economic indicators of an innovative project in different time intervals to a comparable level

45. What risk model underlies the decision tree method when analyzing the risks of an innovative project?

1. A space-oriented graph that reflects the sequence of decision-making and the conditions for their implementation, evaluation of intermediate results, taking into account their conditional probability

2.Formalized description of uncertainty used in the most difficult to predict innovative projects

3. Simulation model of the project implementation, built according to experts' estimates

4. Dynamic model reflecting the characteristics of variable factors and their impact on the estimated indicators

5. Development of an optimistic, pessimistic and most probable scenario for the development of an innovative project

46. What is direct investment?

+ 1. Investments in fixed capital

2.Bills

3. Portfolio investment

4. Bonds

5. Collateral obligations

47. What is the invention?

1. The main idea, the thought that determines the content of something

+ 2. A new, inventive, industrially applicable creative solution to a technical problem

Innovation management is the activity of managing the innovation process, innovation and public relations arising in the course of such control. At the same time, making a profit and increasing income from innovation are not, but the conditions and a natural result of its implementation.

Innovation management, like any managerial activity, has its own strategy and tactics, and depending on this, the goals of innovation management may be different. However, they must comply certain conditions: the goals of innovation management should be specific, measurable, achievable, time-oriented, consistent and interconnected.

The strategic goals of innovation management are related to the mission of the company, its traditions and life cycle. These goals of innovation management are to choose a general direction innovative development companies, planning strategies related to the introduction of innovations in the company, choosing the means and mechanisms by which these strategies are implemented, in growth and further development companies based on innovation, use innovative technologies in production, promotion of new products to the market, specialization and diversification of production, expansion into new markets.

Tactical goals of innovation management represent specific tasks that are solved in specific business situations at certain stages of the implementation of the company's overall innovation strategy in the most optimal and effective way. These are such goals of innovation management as the development and implementation of innovations, investment activities, aimed at financing these innovations, training and advanced training of personnel, continuous improvement of the scientific base and R&D, as well as methods, styles and management techniques.

The goals of innovation management can be classified not only by level, but also by other criteria. According to the types of environment, the goals of innovation management are internal and external, according to the content, the goals of innovation management are divided into economic, social, scientific, organizational, technical, etc. Based on priority goals of innovation management there are priority, traditional, permanent and one-time, according to the period of action - short-term, medium- and long-term. Also, the goals of innovation management differ depending on functional structures companies (R & D, production, finance, personnel, marketing, management) and depend on the stage of the life cycle at which the company is located.

A goal is an end state, a desired outcome that any organization seeks to achieve. The goal sets certain development guidelines for a given period. On the one hand, the goal acts as a result of forecasts and assessment of the situation, and on the other hand, as a limiter for the planned innovative activities.

The goals of innovation management are as follows:

1) search for a new technical solution in the field of invention;

2) carrying out research and development work (R&D);

3) organization of mass production;

4) simultaneous preparation and marketing of such products;

5) introduction of a new product to the market;

6) gaining a foothold in new markets with the help of higher quality and competitiveness of the goods.

Achieving these goals involves taking into account various factors, among which are the following:

orientation of innovations to the market;

Compliance of innovations with the goals of the enterprise;

the company's susceptibility to innovation;

the presence of creative ideas in the enterprise;

· Availability of an economically sound system for the selection and evaluation of innovative projects;

· Availability effective methods management of innovative projects and control over their implementation;

The presence of an individual collective responsibility for the results of innovation.

The initial principles of innovation management are reduced to the following main provisions:

· innovation is a decisive condition for the survival of the enterprise, and they must be managed accordingly;

· Resources allocated for research and development (R&D) and R&D are justified only to the extent that they lead to the achievement of the goal.

To identify the factors that ensure success, a constant analysis of completed and implemented innovations is required; increasing the efficiency of investments in research and development.

The tasks of innovation management are: ensuring the optimal functioning of the operating system of production and synchronization of functional subsystems; improvement of the personnel management system and control.

Innovation management involves the following tasks (works):

· development and implementation of a unified innovation policy;

· development of projects and programs of innovative activity;

preparation and consideration of projects for the creation of new types of products;

control over the progress of work on the creation of new products and their implementation;

· financing and material support of projects of innovative activity;

· preparation and training of personnel for innovative activity;

· Formation of target teams, groups that carry out the solution of innovative projects.

The list of tasks that can be solved in the process of innovation management is quite wide and may differ in relation to product innovations and technological innovations.

So, in relation to product innovations, the main tasks that need to be solved will be:

· research of sales markets and possible ways of realization of new products;

· research of resource markets;

forecast of the features and duration of each stage of the life cycle of a new product;

analysis of the patent purity of a new product and ways to ensure it;

Determination of methods of protection of a new product;

Identification of subcontractors for the project of creating a new product;

Search for options for cooperation with potential competitors in the implementation of technically complex products and high-risk innovations;

analysis of costs, prices, taking into account the volume of production and sales of a new product to obtain a target profit;

Evaluation of the effectiveness of an innovative project and its attractiveness for investors;

· determination of ways to attract investments;

Identification of possible technical and commercial risks, their minimization, insurance methods;

determination of an effective marketing strategy, the choice of an organizational form for the creation, development and placement of a new product on the market;

Evaluation of ideas for creating new products;

management of personnel involved in the development and production of a new product;

· Ensuring a favorable climate and corporate culture.

Rice. 2.1 Groups of functions of innovation management

There are two groups of innovation management functions (Fig. 2.1):

1) basic functions. The main functions of innovation management are common to all types and any conditions of innovation, they reflect the content of the main stages of innovation management;

2) providing functions. They contribute to the effective implementation of basic functions.

Socio-psychological functions of management are associated with the state of production relations in the team. These include delegation and motivation. Technological ones make it possible to implement basic and socio-psychological functions and include the preparation, processing and transfer of information for the successful promotion of innovations.

Depending on the type of innovation, their goals and functions also differ (Tables 2.1, 2.2)

Table 2.1 Types and goals of innovation

Types of innovation	Innovation Purpose
Product innovation	Ensuring survival; increase in profit; increase in market share; independence; interests of clients; increase in prestige; creation of new jobs; growth in turnover and sales
Process innovation	Growth in profits (as a result of increased productivity, savings in raw materials and energy). Reduction of environmental pollution
Social innovation	Social responsibility in relation to the team, society. Increasing the prestige of the company. Independence. Improving the position in the labor market

Strategic and operational innovation management are in interaction and meaningfully complement each other in a single management process. If a strategic management concentrates on the most important problematic and structural areas, then operational management covers all areas of the enterprise, its functional subsystems, structural elements, and specifically all participants in innovation.

Table 2.2 Types and functions of innovation management

innovative management	Types of innovation management
innovative management	Strategic	Functional (operational)
Forecasting	Development and Growth Priority Strategies	New products, technologies
Planning	Expansion into new industries, markets	Improving quality and competitiveness
Analysis of the external environment	Analysis competitive advantage firms	Analysis of production efficiency factors
Choice of decision methods	Strategic decisions on mission objectives and company development	Operational solutions for the development, implementation and production of innovations
Motivation	Providing the company with dynamic growth and competitiveness	Ensuring high labor productivity, high quality products, updating production
Control	Fulfillment of the company's mission, its growth and development	Control over performance discipline and performance quality

The high variability of the macroeconomic, technological, and legal environment makes the problem of the survival of enterprises directly dependent on their ability to strategically navigate in unexpected situations.

Functional innovation management aimed at effective management processes of development, implementation, production and commercialization of innovations.

Rice. 2.2 Main stages and functions of strategic innovation management

Strategic innovation management focuses its efforts on the analysis of macroeconomic, political and market conditions. Operational (tactical) innovation management focuses its functions on specific activities to manage the development, implementation, production and commercialization of innovations. Here the attention is directed to the short- and medium-term horizons. Operational management systems have sufficient completeness of information, are characterized by a low degree of uncertainty and are focused on the middle and lower levels of management. Without a strategic vision, the formation of development strategies and management reactions, the company does not get real development (Fig. 2.2).

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