FSB generals: names, positions. Management of the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation. The head of the “M” department became one of the heads of the economic security service of the FSB, Nikolay Vasilievich Klimashin
General secretaries came and went, one country fell apart and another rose, presidents changed, but Lubyanka is alive, survived everything and came to power, photo June 24, 2016
Each of these resignations is interesting in its own way, but the resignation of the super-influential head of the “K” Department of the Service economic security(SEB) The FSB (counterintelligence in the financial sector) of General Viktor Voronin stands apart. In his place they are supposedly tipped to be the head of the 6th Service of the Directorate own safety FSB Colonel Ivan Tkachev, who was directly involved in the high-profile arrests of officials in uniform and without in the last five years.
Bank curator
Until recently, no one believed the intensified rumors about Voronin’s resignation. Voronin, as they say, is lucky: he sat in his chair after escaping to the USA in 2008 former employee the “banking” department of the “K” department of the FSB, Alexei Artamonov, who told FBI agents and The Guardian journalists how his colleagues, under the guise of “crusts,” transport multimillion-dollar cash from bank to bank. In his homeland, Artamonov has been put on the federal wanted list for particularly large-scale fraud and criminal case No. 41326 has been opened against him. According to investigators, he allegedly cheated clients of one of the capital’s banks out of several million dollars.
General Viktor Voronin is no longer the curator of banks
Then General Voronin was rinsed with might and main in the media after Sergei Magnitsky was included in the list, and it was like water off a duck’s back for him. As is known, the starting point of the persecution of Magnitsky, a lawyer for the Hermitage Capital fund, was the report of the operative of Directorate “K” of the SEB of the FSB of Russia, Alexander Kuvaldin, addressed to Voronin, who left his resolution on the report and sent it to the Moscow Central Internal Affairs Directorate to initiate a criminal case against Magnitsky (in November 2009 Magnitsky died in a pre-trial detention center under unclear circumstances - NT).
Then, in 2013, a loud scandal broke out with Voronin’s deputy, Colonel Dmitry Frolov: expensive real estate was registered for the relatives of the security officer in the Italian town of Strese, which is very popular among millionaires - but even here Voronin was carried away: he was protected by numerous connections accumulated over the years of service in the KGB of the USSR.
Voronin, as they say, is lucky: he sat in his chair after the escape in 2008 to the United States of a former employee of the “banking” department of the FSB “K” department, Alexei Artamonov, who told FBI agents and The Guardian journalists how his colleagues, under the cover of “crusts,” transport from bank to bank multi-million dollar cash
He started as a leading Komsomol worker in Leningrad, then graduated from the Higher Courses of the KGB in Minsk, worked as the first deputy head of the department of the Federal Tax Police Service for St. Petersburg and the head of the Main Directorate of the State Drug Control Service for the North-West federal district. He was a man close to Putin, General Viktor Cherkesov, who lost the bureaucratic battle between the KGB clans in 2007-2009 and left the political scene. He was closely associated with the head of the St. Petersburg Drug Control Department, Alexander Karmatsky, who was put on the federal wanted list for smuggling in 2009 (investigation case No. 333).
Since 2004, Voronin has often been seen as part of official delegations of the Federal tax service(Federal Tax Service) together with its then head Anatoly Serdyukov and Colonel Igor Medoev seconded from the FSB. +
In 2006, Voronin was appointed head of the “K” department of the SEB FSB, and for ten whole years, almost the entire banking sector of the country was under his direct supervision.
NT Help: Directorate “K” (in the jargon of security officers, “kashniks”) is part of the Economic Security Service (SEB) of the FSB. In addition to the “K” department, the structure of the FSB SEB includes the “T” department (counterintelligence in transport) and the “P” department (counterintelligence in the industrial enterprises). Other tasks of the FSB SEB are the fight against counterfeiters, drug trafficking, and the illegal sale of explosives and toxic substances. The department's employees have a very large network of agents among bankers, fraudsters and drug addicts. In addition to FSB service IDs, they use police “corks” and cover passports in other people’s names.
Castling
Active movement in the central apparatus of the FSB began last year: in March, the State Secretary of the FSB, 65-year-old Colonel General of Justice Yuri Gorbunov, was dismissed. Gorbunov supervised the FSB investigation for almost eleven years and was nicknamed the Old Man for his gray beard. The Old Man was replaced by 48-year-old Colonel General of Justice Dmitry Shalkov, who moved to the FSB from the Main Military Investigation Department of the Investigative Committee.
In December 2015, another deputy director of the FSB, 57-year-old Colonel General Yevgeny Sysoev, was sent into honorable exile to the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO). He was replaced by one who was in personnel reserve 56-year-old Igor Sirotkin, who previously served as deputy head of the St. Petersburg FSB Directorate - he oversaw local customs.
In 2009, Baltic customs detained 23 containers with Chinese contraband worth $1 million. The recipient of the cargo was a shell company registered in St. Petersburg, and the goods were sent to Moscow to the Cherkizovsky market. However, the seized containers mysteriously disappeared in an unknown direction - and a loud scandal broke out. Soon, an FSB commission arrived from Moscow and, based on the results of the inspection, Sirotkin and another group of senior officers received severe reprimands or were removed from their posts.
Other recent reshuffles include the transfer to the “paradise group” of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, to the post of deputy minister, former head of counterintelligence of the FSB, 63-year-old General Oleg Syromolotov, who was responsible for the security of the Sochi 2014 Olympics. He was replaced by a native of Russian Technologies, 57-year-old Lieutenant General Vladislav Menshchikov, who headed the Almaz-Antey concern for ten years and then headed the Main Directorate special programs President (serves secret bunkers for top officials of the state. - NT).
The case about iPhones
But let’s return now to the former head of the “K” department of the FSB, Viktor Voronin. Some media outlets associate his resignation with a criminal story that happened in November 2015, again at St. Petersburg customs: employees of the FSB department “K” detained in Pulkovo a cargo with 50 thousand smuggled iPhones, tablets and 15 thousand Lenovo A560 smartphones, which are not yet sold in Russia .
After some time, when transferring a bribe in the amount of 2 million rubles. Vyacheslav Naumov, a former representative of the Federal Customs Service of the Russian Federation in Finland, was detained. Next came searches at the carrier company ULS Global, whose owners are the famous St. Petersburg businessman Igor Khavronov and Turkish citizen Jebrail Karaarslan, who has repeatedly boasted of his close friendship with Turkish President Recep Erdogan.
“When we come to the service, we change into military uniform and constantly work out in the gym. After the start of events in Crimea and Donbass, we were transferred to a special position"
According to investigators, Pavel Smolyarchuk, an operative for particularly important cases of combating customs crimes of the Main Directorate for Combating Smuggling of the Federal Customs Service of the Russian Federation, took on the task of resolving the situation with the seized electronics. Moreover, the sister of operative Smolyarchuk, Svetlana, is the wife of the head of the 7th department of Directorate “K” of the SEB FSB, Vadim Uvarov, whose employees are in charge of St. Petersburg customs and seized the cargo.
It is possible that the criminal case would have been collecting dust on the investigators’ desks for a long time, but on April 22, 2016, in St. Petersburg, two unknown assailants brutally beat the former head of the ULS Global security service, Ivan Lapshin, who was a key witness in the criminal case. The victim did not wait for him to be quietly finished off in the hospital room, and turned to the St. Petersburg media: “They hit me mainly on the head, they also hit me hard in the stomach and legs. They didn’t ask me for money, they didn’t steal my phone and they weren’t going to steal my car, they wanted to kill me.”
There is an important detail here: the operational support of the criminal case of electronics smuggling is carried out not by local special officers from Liteiny, but by the 6th Internal Security Service of the FSB, whose office is located in Lubyanka.
"Sechinsky special forces"
The 6th Service of the FSB Internal Security Directorate was formed in 2004, after the reorganization of the FSB: employees nicknamed it “Sechin special forces.” According to some reports, the initiator of the creation of the “six” was the current head of Rosneft, Igor Sechin, who at that time held the position of deputy head of the presidential administration and oversaw the security forces (now the main supervisor of the security forces is Putin’s colleague in the GDR, Evgeniy Shkolov. - NT).
According to the special officer, with whom an NT correspondent spoke on conditions of strict anonymity, strict rules have been established in the “six”: “When we come to work, we change into military uniform and constantly work out in the gym. After the events began in Crimea and Donbass, we were transferred to a special position.”
The main task of the unit is operational support of high-profile criminal cases and witness protection. Among other things, this unit has its own “stompers” and a special forces group.
They were taken by the FSB "six" (from left to right): Governor of the Sakhalin Region Alexander Khoroshavin, Head of the Komi Republic Vyacheslav Gaizer, Mayor of Vladivostok Igor Pushkarev
It was the “six” employees who in 2014 detained the head of the Main Directorate of Economic Security and Anti-Corruption (GUEBiPK) of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, Police Lieutenant General Denis Sugrobov, and his deputy, Police Major General Boris Kolesnikov (according to investigators, he committed suicide during interrogation by the Investigative Committee . - NT), who dared to take into operational development the deputy head of the 9th Directorate of the FSB Internal Security, Colonel Igor Demin.
In March 2015, they also detained the governor of the Sakhalin region, Alexander Khoroshavin, who was charged with accepting a bribe in the amount of $5.6 million. In the same year, soldiers of the 6th service handcuffed the head of the Komi Republic, Vyacheslav Gaizer, and officials of his administration, who are accused of creating a criminal group and fraud. Finally, on the night of June 1, it was the “six” who arrested the mayor of Vladivostok, millionaire (he owned the Park Group concern) Igor Pushkarev, who was immediately taken to Moscow - he is accused of abuse of power and commercial bribery.
Many people from the “six” can be found in Rosneft and its subsidiaries
Immediately after the arrest, information appeared on the Internet that Pushkarev was allegedly part of the team of the ex-director of the Federal Service for Drug Control, Colonel General Viktor Ivanov, who was dismissed in April.
What is curious: at one time, soldiers from the 6th service guarded the notorious banker Evgeny Dvoskin (aka Slusker, Shuster,
Kozin, Altman), who is wanted by the FBI. Moreover, Mr. Dvoskin with the KGB guards accidentally ended up in an outdoor photographic lens from the MUR, which recorded visitors to the restaurant “Old Phaeton” on Povarskaya Street, where, as is known, the office of the patriarch of the Russian underworld Aslan Usoyan was located (Grandfather Hassan, killed in 2013. - NT) .
Many people from the “six” can be found in Rosneft and its subsidiaries. For example, in 2013, the deputy head of the special forces of the FSB Internal Security Service, Nail Mukhitov, was seconded to head the Rosneft security service. True, Major General Mukhitov did not last long in his post and, after numerous complaints from suppliers, resigned.
In turn, the “six” is part of the 9th Directorate of the FSB Internal Security Directorate, which is headed by another native of the St. Petersburg FSB Directorate, General Sergei Korolev. The immediate tasks of the “nine” include catching “werewolves” in their own ranks.
Bottom line
Today, the following alignments have developed in the leadership of the FSB: FSB Director General Alexander Bortnikov, First Deputy General Sergei Smirnov and simply Deputy Lieutenant General Igor Sirotkin - all from St. Petersburg.
Among the deputies (there are five in total), only Colonel General of Justice Dmitry Shalkov has Moscow roots, and even he was appointed on the recommendation of the Chairman of the Investigative Committee, Alexander Bastrykin, who is part of Putin’s closest “St. Petersburg” circle.
Crimean banker Evgeny Dvoskin, now wanted by the FBI, at one time walked under the protection of the “six”
Apparently, key positions in the economic bloc of the FSB will now be occupied by people from the “Sechin special forces”: as we have already written, the head of the 6th Internal Security Service of the FSB, Ivan Tkachev, who is called the right-wing by the hand of the Deputy Head of the FSB Internal Security Directorate Oleg Feoktistov (both served in the Sortavala border detachment. - NT). In Lubyanka, Major General Feoktistov enjoys great influence and is called Oleg Bolshoi behind his back.
According to some reports, the head of the 9th Department of Internal Security of the FSB, General Sergei Korolev, will soon be promoted: he is tipped to lead the Economic Security Service of the FSB - as they say, the “tastiest” division of the Lubyanka. His former boss, General Yuri Yakovlev, had allegedly already submitted his resignation letter.
The general public can only wait to see how the opposing KGB clans will respond and who will be next to retire and be imprisoned.
What role did high-ranking people from state security structures play in the largest Russian corporations?
"This correct information, he returned to service,” said the head of Rosneft, Igor Sechin, in response to a question about the fate of FSB General Oleg Feoktistov. Why is this general interesting?
It is believed that Feoktistov was behind the multi-step operation that ended with the arrest of former Minister of Economy Alexei Ulyukaev. Before joining Rosneft, Feoktistov worked in the Federal Security Service. After completing the “special operation” he returned there. The story received a wide response and became significant for understanding how the interaction system is evolving Russian business and security forces.
In the early 1990s, current employees left state security agencies and took cushy jobs in newly created private financial and industrial groups. Some of them rose to serious positions and became co-owners. YUKOS, Gusinsky's Most group, Lukoil, Alpha group - under almost every oligarch of the 1990s you can find a general.
The rise to power of Vladimir Putin radically changed the picture. If earlier people with shoulder straps performed the functions of lobbyists for large capital in the security forces and, more broadly, in government structures, then over time their functions became different.
The massive influx of former and current intelligence officers into government agencies forced large business structures to think about finding people who could act as intermediaries in communication with the security forces. Some of these people turned out to be public and in some cases even became the face of the company.
Meanwhile, processes developed. As the general public gradually became aware, the structure of the FSB and other intelligence services had taken shape special units, supervising the situation in the largest companies and sectors of the Russian economy. At the same time, through the institution of “seconded” employees, the Russian special services established direct control over key processes in Russian corporations.
The episode with Rosneft and General Feoktistov is indicative in this sense, because it showed the kitchen of the relationship large companies and intelligence agencies in the maximum possible (under current conditions) public manner.
About seven notable intelligence generals in the largest Russian corporations read in the Forbes gallery.
Philip Bobkov
Army General. Graduated from the Leningrad school of military counterintelligence Smersh. In state security agencies since 1946. Since 1969, he headed the 5th Directorate of the KGB of the USSR, which was engaged in the protection of the constitutional order and fought against ideological sabotage and dissidents. Since 1983, he was deputy chairman, and since 1985, first deputy chairman of the KGB of the USSR. He left service in 1991.
In 1992, a graduate of the Smersh school headed the analytical department of the Most group of oligarch Vladimir Gusinsky. Bobkov worked at Most until the second half of 2001. By that time, Gusinsky himself had already lost control of the NTV channel and lived abroad for more than a year.
Alexey Kondaurov
Major General. In 1971 he graduated from the Faculty of Economic Cybernetics of the Moscow Engineering and Economic Institute named after. Ordzhonikidze. Since 1973 in state security agencies. In recent years, the service was headed by the FSB Public Relations Center.
In 1994, Kondaurov headed the information department of the Menatep group of Mikhail Khodorkovsky, from 1998 to 2003 he headed the analytical department oil company YUKOS. In addition to analytics, Kandaurov was involved in working with representatives of the country’s key political forces. After Khodorkovsky's arrest, he spoke out in defense of the disgraced oligarch. In 2003, he was elected to the State Duma. In 2014, he signed a statement demanding an end to support for the self-proclaimed republics in southeastern Ukraine.
Oleg Osobenkov
Colonel General. Graduated from the Faculty of International economic relations MGIMO. In state security agencies since 1969. Headed the department of analysis, forecast and strategic planning, since 1996 he served as State Secretary of the FSB of Russia.
In 1999, Oleg Osobenkov was appointed deputy general director, head of personnel department at Aeroflot. He was a member of the board of directors of the airline. It is believed that Osobenkov’s task was to rid the company of the influence of Boris Berezovsky. Osobenkov was removed from the board of Aeroflot in 2005.
Yuri Kobaladze
Major General. Graduated from the Faculty of International Journalism at MGIMO. Since 1972, he worked in the first main directorate of the KGB of the USSR (foreign intelligence). As a journalist, he traveled to the UK, Malta, the USA, and France. In 1991, he headed the press bureau of the SVR, and for six months he was deputy general director of ITAR-TASS.
In September 1999, Kobaladze became managing director investment company Renaissance Capital. From 2007 to 2012, he was Managing Director for Corporate Affairs, Advisor to the Chairman of the Board of X5 Retail Group. Since 2012 - consultant at UBS investment bank.
Alexander Zdanovich
Lieutenant General. Graduated High school KGB. In state security agencies since 1972. He served in military counterintelligence, in the public relations center of the FSB. In February 1996, he became acting head of the FSB TsOS. In November 1999, he was appointed head of the FSB assistance programs department.
From 2002 to 2012 - Deputy Chairman of the All-Russian State Television and Radio Broadcasting Company for security issues. From 2012 to 2014 - Advisor to the General Director of VGTRK.
Yuri Yakovlev
Army General. In 1975 he graduated from the Moscow Engineering Physics Institute with a degree in Experimental Nuclear Physics. In state security agencies since 1976. In 2008, he headed the economic security service of the FSB.
In July 2016, Russian President Vladimir Putin dismissed him. Two months later, Yakovlev was appointed deputy general director of Rosatom for state policy in the field of security in the use of atomic energy for defense purposes.
Oleg Feoktistov
General of the FSB. Graduated from the FSB Academy. Since 2004, he headed the 6th service of the FSB Internal Security Directorate, responsible for operational support of criminal cases, and deputy head of the FSB Internal Security Directorate.
In September 2016, he was appointed head of the security service of Rosneft and joined the company’s board. On March 10, Rosneft President Igor Sechin confirmed that Feoktistov had left the company. “This is correct information, he returned to service,” Sechin noted.
The main candidate for the post of the new head of the “K” department of the FSB was an employee of the intelligence service’s Internal Security Directorate, Ivan Tkachev. He was involved in the development of the case of MVD generals Sugrobov and Kolesnikov
FSB building in Moscow (Photo: Oleg Yakovlev / RBC)
"Banking" department
The main contender for the post of head of the FSB’s “K” department was the head of the 6th service of the FSB’s Internal Security Directorate, Ivan Tkachev, an interlocutor close to the counterintelligence leadership told RBC, and a source in the FSB confirmed it.
Tkachev’s appointment is expected in the near future, says one of RBC’s interlocutors. But his candidacy has yet to be approved by FSB Director Alexander Bortnikov. If the appointment takes place, for Tkachev the transition from the post of head of the service to the post of head of the department will be “a jump through several steps at once,” says a source in the intelligence service.
The 6th Internal Security Service of the FSB was created in 2008, it includes only 35 people, says an RBC source. The powers of this unit were not officially announced.
Tkachev played a key role in the case of the ex-head of the Main Directorate of Economic Security and Anti-Corruption of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, says RBC’s FSB interlocutor.
Sugrobov and his deputy Boris Kolesnikov were detained in 2014 in the case of provoking a bribe, exceeding official powers and criminal organizations. In June of the same year, Kolesnikov died after falling from a balcony in the Investigative Committee building after interrogation.
Resignations in two departments
According to Rosbalt, resignation reports were written by the heads of two more departments that are part of the structure of the FSB SEB - these are the heads of divisions “P” and “T”, which are engaged in counterintelligence support for industrial and transport enterprises, respectively.
“The heads of the entire economic bloc of the FSB are leaving the department. All of them have been in place for a long time, age. But, of course, this is not the reason for the resignation. Recently, the SEB's relations with the Internal Security Department of the FSB of the Russian Federation have become strained; scandalous stories began to arise that developed into criminal cases or so-called operational reports. There was a rather difficult situation last summer, but then somehow the parties were “taken to the corners.” Now it didn’t work out,” said a Rosbalt source in the intelligence services.
According to him, Oleg Feoktistov, who is now the deputy head of the department, could become the head of the CSS.
Biography of the FSB directorAlexander Bortnikov was born in the Urals in 1951. At the age of 15, while still in school, he became a Komsomol member. After receiving secondary education, he entered the Institute of Engineers railway transport in Leningrad. In Gatchina he worked in his specialty.
Then he moved to Moscow, where he began studying at the Dzerzhinsky KGB Higher School. Already at this time he chose a career as a security officer. At the same time, he became a member of the CPSU, to which he remained faithful until its dissolution in the early 90s.
Bortnikov Alexander Vasilyevich in 1975 entered the service of the state security agencies. He started as an operational officer, then got into the leadership structures of the KGB department for Leningrad region.
Remained working in the same system after the collapse Soviet Union- in the management of the FSB of Russia. By 2003, he took the position of deputy head of the department for the city of St. Petersburg and the Leningrad region. Still in charge of counterintelligence operations.
In 2003, Alexander Vasilievich Bortnikov was appointed to the post of head of the regional department of the FSB. He worked in this position for only six months. After this, by decree of Russian President Vladimir Putin, he was transferred to the central office.
On next year Bortnikov became deputy director of the Russian FSB. The Department of Economic Security was directly subordinate to him. He officially headed this structure a few months later. The state apparatus at that time was waging a consistent struggle against oligarchs and large businessmen who were beyond the control of the tax authorities, so perhaps the most responsible function fell on Bortnikov’s shoulders.
To combat economic criminals and identify persistent tax evaders to the state treasury, an interdepartmental working group to combat the laundering of criminal proceeds was created in October. Alexander Bortnikov becomes the head of this group.
In 2008, Bortnikov joined the board of directors of the open joint stock company"Sovcomflot". This is Russian shipping company, which is engaged in maritime transport. The annual turnover is about one and a half billion rubles per year. The company employs about 8 thousand people.
The company began its history back in the USSR. IN modern Russia was equipped with new ships. The stake in Sovcomflot is fully owned by the state.
Despite the unstable position in the shipping market, Sovcomflot is included in the list of the largest tanker companies in the world. For example, it ranks first in transportation in northern latitudes.
Alexander Bortnikov joins the company's board of directors management decisions. Today it is one of the ten largest in the world in organizing tanker transportation.
May 12, 2008 appointed new director FSB of Russia. Alexander Bortnikov holds this position. At the post he replaced Nikolai Patrushev, who led federal authorities state security for 9 years. The period of his work included the second Chechen campaign, countering terrorist organizations that had become active on Russian territory.
For Patrushev, resignation from the post of head of the Federal Security Service was not a significant demotion. He headed the Security Council. He still holds this post today.
The biography of Alexander Bortnikov since 2008 is entirely related to his work in the leadership of the FSB. He also headed the National Anti-Terrorism Committee and became a permanent member of the Federal Security Council.
The need for an anti-terrorist committee, headed by Bortnikov, arose in 2006. Its first leader was Nikolai Patrushev.
The committee’s tasks include preparing specific proposals to counter terrorism, which are approved by the head of state. Development of methods to combat terrorist organizations, coordination of the activities of all government agencies in this direction.
At the same time, the leadership of the National Anti-Terrorism Committee is directly involved in international cooperation.
The chairman of the committee is the current head of the FSB. His deputy is the Minister of Internal Affairs Russian Federation.
Among the main tasks of the committee today is the fight against terrorism in the North Caucasus, as well as the development of a law “On countering terrorism.”
Bortnikov's deputiesArmy General Alexander Bortnikov, a title he received in 2006, relies on his deputies in his work as head of the FSB. The head of the federal state security agencies has six of them.
Army General Vladimir Grigorievich Kuleshov holds the post of first deputy. His area of responsibility includes the management of the border service, which is part of the FSB structure.
Army General Sergei Mikhailovich Smirnov is the most experienced among Bortnikov’s deputies. He has been working in the state security system since 1974.
Lieutenant General Evgeny Nikolaevich Zinichev was appointed to this post quite recently - in October 2016. Prior to this, for a year he headed regional administration The FSB of Russia for the Kaliningrad region, for several months, served as acting governor of the Yantarny Territory after the transfer of the previous head of the region to the post of plenipotentiary representative of the President of Russia in the Northwestern Federal District.
Colonel General Alexander Nikolaevich Kupryazhkin worked as deputy director of the FSB under Nikolai Patrushev.
Colonel General Igor Gennadievich Sirotkin heads the apparatus of the National Terrorist Committee.
All of Alexander Bortnikov’s deputies began working in state security agencies back in Soviet era. An exception to the rule is Colonel General of Justice Dmitry Vladimirovich Shalkov. He did not serve in the USSR State Security Committee. He has been working in the FSB system since 1993. He holds the position of Secretary of State.
In 2014, in connection with the annexation of Crimea to Russia and the events in the south-east of Ukraine, sanctions were imposed against Russia by the international community. They concerned both large companies and specific managers.
In July and August, the European Union and the Canadian government imposed sanctions against FSB director Alexander Bortnikov. At the same time, the United States did not include the head of state security agencies among the 35 officials and deputies closest to Vladimir Putin. Therefore, American sanctions did not apply to him.
Thanks to this, Bortnikov was able to take part in the summit on countering extremism, which took place in the United States at the beginning of 2015. The FSB director led the Russian interdepartmental delegation.
Bortnikov’s work has been criticized more than once in the opposition and liberal media. In particular, in 2015, Novaya Gazeta published a number of publications alleging that Bortnikov and his associates in the FSB were involved in illegal transactions with land plots in the Moscow region. Specifically in the Odintsovo district.
If you believe the sources that were at the disposal of the editorial office, the Bortnikovs and their associates sold land plots with an area of almost five hectares. They were located under the building that once housed the departmental kindergarten. The plots were located in a prestigious area - on Rublevo-Uspenskoye Highway. As a result, each of the participants in the deal, as reporters claimed, received a profit of two and a half million dollars.
According to the publication, it was this deal that was largely the reason why the Russian FSB insisted on closing public access to the information contained in Rosreestr. In particular, to data about property owners.
Family of the FSB directorThe family of Alexander Vasilyevich Bortnikov consists of a wife and son. Denis was born in 1974, now he is 32 years old. He received higher education in the city on the Neva in the field of economics and finance.
He worked in banking structures, since 2011 he has headed the North-West regional center of VTB.
The FSB generals who currently lead this service form the basis of this key structure, which is designed to ensure the national security of the state. in its current state, it was formed in 1995, since then its leaders have received the closest attention.
Director of the FSB of RussiaOnly FSB generals currently hold key leadership positions in this department. There are no lower-ranking military personnel in the positions of either first deputies or deputy service directors.
The Russian FSB is currently headed by Alexander Vasilievich Bortnikov. He has held this post since May 2008, after his predecessor Nikolai Platonovich Patrushev resigned.
Bortnikov was born in 1951 in the city of Molotov, which was the name of Perm at that time. He is a graduate of the Institute of Railway Transport Engineers, from which he graduated in Leningrad. In 1975 he graduated from the KGB Higher School. It was then that he began serving in state security agencies. Oversaw counterintelligence operations units. On in this direction service remained even after the liquidation of the KGB and the formation of the FSB of Russia.
In 2003, Alexander Vasilievich Bortnikov headed the regional department for the Leningrad region and the city of St. Petersburg. Then he headed the economic security service working within the department. In 2006, he received the rank of Colonel General of the FSB. According to some reports, he received the next rank of army general a few months later - in December of the same year.
In 2008, he headed the department, simultaneously holding the post of chairman of the national. He is a member of various government and interdepartmental commissions on a wide range of issues.
Vladimir Kulishov
In order to get the most complete picture of the leadership of the FSB department, let us dwell on the personalities of the first deputy directors of this department. There are currently two of them in total. All of them are generals of the Russian FSB.
Vladimir Kulishov has the rank of army general. He has served as first deputy director since March 2013. At the same time, he heads the Border Service of the Russian Federation, which is also part of the FSB structure.
Kulishov Vladimir Grigorievich was born in the Rostov region in 1957. He studied at the Institute of Civil Aviation Engineers, which was based in Kyiv. After receiving a diploma higher education worked at a civil aviation factory.
He joined the structure of state security agencies in 1982. By that time, Vladimir Grigorievich Kulishov had already graduated from the KGB Higher School. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, he continued to serve in state security agencies. In 2000, he joined the central office of the Russian FSB.
Then for a year he headed the department for the Saratov region. Since 2004, he began to supervise the department for combating terrorism, and headed the FSB department for the Chechen Republic. Since 2008, he served as deputy director of the federal department. In 2013, he received the post of first deputy and headed the Border Service.
He served in Chechnya, has the Order of Military Merit and the Order of Merit for the Fatherland, III degree.
Sergey Smirnov
The FSB general is another first deputy director of the department. He comes from Chita, where he was born in 1950. In his infancy, the family moved to Leningrad, where he spent his childhood and youth. At school he was a classmate of Boris Gryzlov (ex-Minister of Internal Affairs and ex-Chairman of the State Duma) and Nikolai Patrushev (ex-Director of the Russian FSB).
He received his higher education at the Bonch-Bruevich Electrical Engineering Institute, which was opened in Leningrad. During my student years I was also closely acquainted with Gryzlov; they studied together again. Started working at the Central Research Institute of Communications.
He joined the structure of the KGB of the USSR in 1974. Since 1975 he has been working in the Leningrad administration. He occupied first operational, and then leadership positions.
In 1998, he received a position in the central office of the FSB. Headed the department of internal security. In 2000, he became deputy director of the FSB, and since 2003, first deputy. Has the rank of Army General.
First head of the department
Throughout Russian history, 7 people led federal administration FSB. The very first in 1993 was Colonel General Nikolai Mikhailovich Golushko. At that time, the structure was just being formalized and was officially called the Federal Counterintelligence Service of the Russian Federation.
Golushko stayed in this post for only two months, after which he was appointed by President Boris Yeltsin as an adviser to the director of the FSB. During the years of Soviet power he headed the KGB of the Ukrainian SSR.
Stepashin - Director of the FSB
In March 1994, Lieutenant General Sergei Vadimovich Stepashin became head of the Federal Counterintelligence Service. Under him, the Federal Security Service was founded in April 1995. Formally, he became the first director of the FSB of Russia. True, he spent only two and a half months in this position.
After that, he did not get lost in high government positions. Stepashin was the Minister of Justice, headed and held the post of first deputy and until 2013 headed the Accounts Chamber. Currently heads supervisory board state corporation, which is engaged in promoting the reform of the Russian housing and communal services.
FSB leadership in the 90s
In 1995, Army General Mikhail Ivanovich Barsukov came to the post of director of the FSB. He has been in the KGB system of the Soviet Union since 1964. He was the commandant of the Moscow Kremlin, and acted as a witness during the detention of the Deputy Prime Minister of one of the inspirers of the State Emergency Committee.
In the 90s, Barsukov was often criticized by his colleagues. In particular, blaming low professional qualities. For example, according to the former Minister of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, Anatoly Sergeevich Kulikov, Barsukov’s entire service was spent in the Kremlin, he was responsible for the security of the top officials of the state. Many believed that Barsukov ended up at the head of the security service only thanks to Yeltsin’s security chief, Alexander Korzhakov, who had a certain influence on the president.
In June 1996, he resigned after a scandal during Yeltsin's election campaign. His name is closely connected with the detention of activists from the presidential election headquarters, Lisovsky and Evstafiev, who tried to carry out half a million dollars in a paper box.
Director Nikolay Kovalev
In 1996, the service was headed by FSB General Nikolai Dmitrievich Kovalev. Unlike his predecessors, he spent a little more than two years in this post. Nikolai Kovalev has served in state security agencies since 1974. He was appointed to the post of FSB director after a scandal related to alleged violations of the rules of foreign exchange transactions and the conduct of Boris Yeltsin's presidential campaign in 1996.
During his time leading the service, Nikolai Kovalev managed to establish productive work of the department. Its employees began to appear less often in the press due to various scandals.
After being released from office, he became the people's representative from the third to the seventh convocation inclusive. He is a member of the United Russia faction and heads the expert council of the Officers of Russia organization.
Future PresidentKovalev was replaced in July 1998 by the future Russian President Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin. He was the only head of the department who by that time did not have a military rank. Putin was only a reserve colonel.
The future head of state found himself in the KGB system back in 1975, immediately after graduating from Leningrad. state university. He ended up in the KGB by assignment.
Having become the head of the FSB, he appointed well-known Patrushev, Ivanov and Cherkesov as his deputies. Conducted a reorganization of the entire service. In particular, he abolished the economic counterintelligence department, and also eliminated the counterintelligence department for providing strategic facilities. Instead, he created six new departments. Achieved a significant increase in employee salaries and uninterrupted financing. It is interesting that Putin himself wished to be the first civilian director of the FSB, refusing the rank of major general, which Yeltsin proposed to give him.
Putin left the post of FSB director on August 9, becoming chairman of the government. Two days earlier, Chechen fighters under the command of Khattab and Basayev entered Dagestan. The creation of the Islamic State of Dagestan was proclaimed.
Already prime minister, Putin led the operation against the militants. In mid-September they were finally driven out of Dagestan.
Nikolay PatrushevAfter Vladimir Putin moved to senior positions in the federal government, the FSB was headed by Nikolai Platonovich Patrushev. He held this post for 9 years.
Just during the period of his work there was a confrontation with militants and terrorists. The Federal Security Service began to occupy a key position in matters of ensuring the country's security.
Patrushev currently holds the post of Secretary of the Federal Security Council.
FSB General UgryumovOver the years large number officers held the post of deputy director of the FSB. Perhaps the most notable of them was Admiral German Alekseevich Ugryumov. This is the only naval officer to hold such a high position.
Ugryumov is from Astrakhan and joined the Navy in 1967. In 1975 he found himself in the Soviet KGB system. Supervised a special department of the Caspian military flotilla. In the 90s, he became one of the initiators of the case against journalist Grigory Pasko, who was prosecuted for espionage.
As deputy director of the FSB, he oversaw the work of the Center special purpose. The famous special groups "Vympel" and "Alpha" belonged to this unit. Notable for carrying out counter-terrorism operations in the Chechen Republic. In particular, the release of Gudermes in 1999, the capture of one of the militant leaders Salman Raduev, and the release of hostages in the village of Lazorevsky are associated with his figure.
In May 2001, he was awarded the rank of admiral. The next day he died of a heart attack.
FSB general uniformIt is quite simple to distinguish the generals to whom our article is devoted by their form.
It was last changed in 2006. Now the uniform is a khaki color, distinguished by buttonholes and chevrons, as well as the cornflower blue color of the gaps on the shoulder straps.
