I'm good at assembling construction kits as a profession. About the engineer profession for children. A fateful trip to the home of LEGO

And why knowledge of robotics is mandatory in the future

director of Prolego company

Oksana Stoetskaya knows like no one else that you can not just play with LEGO, but make it a tool that helps your child find his profession and the path to happiness. How? She spoke about this in an interview with the editor of the site Anna Pechernaya.

A fateful trip to the home of LEGO

For Oksana, LEGO is a family hobby that changed her life and grew into her life’s work.

In 2007, the Stoecki family went on the LEGO Inside Tour. As part of the tour, they visited the LEGO factory in Billund (Denmark), where they saw how construction sets are produced, met the designers, visited the LEGO Museum, the LEGOLAND amusement park and attended a presentation of the LEGO Education line of designers. It was this presentation that became the beginning of a new stage in life.

Upon her return, Oksana drew up a plan on how to integrate into the Ukrainian school curriculum a new interesting direction.

For example, in the USA, in 80 schools out of 100, students study in the STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics) program. In many schools, this involves working with LEGO Education constructors.

Such classes are built on the 4C educational system (Connect, Construct, Contemplate, Continue):

Connection with the outside world,
- design,
- awareness of what has been learned,
- bringing something new,

when children immerse themselves in a new area of ​​​​knowledge, solve assigned problems, improve their knowledge with their conclusions and fill what they have learned with their own ideas.

LEGOin Ukrainian schools

Oksana tried to move this successful experience for Ukrainian schools.

“We have developed unique school methods for grades 5-7 with a robotics program. We brought this to the Ministry of Education and received the “Recommended” stamp. At that time this was a fantastic result. Difficulties began when we started coming to schools"

The hope of inspiring teachers was not realized. At that time, they were not ready for innovation and did not want to learn new things.

So in 2008, Oksana transformed her dream into a different plane - continuing to develop her company Prolego, official distributor LEGO Education in Ukraine, opening a network of Technical Studios in Ukraine "Vinahidnik".

“We started by studying LEGO's experience and began adapting their materials to our education system. And after some time, we began to develop our programs, consulting with leading methodologists in mathematics, physics, computer science, and preschool education. All our programs are based on practical application knowledge based LEGO constructors Education. Now we are already completing the sets ourselves with LEGO parts, based on the needs of the training course.”

After several years, school principals themselves are showing interest in learning with LEGO. True, the issue with teachers remained relevant.

Therefore, the idea arose to create a platform where additional training could be conducted for teachers, using established methods as a basis.

And so in August 2016, the Prolego company opened an educational space - Education Hub, which currently hosts teacher training, workshops for adults, family days, business training, and it all revolves around LEGO bricks.

LEGOand career guidance

Of course, not all children who attend the Vinakhidnik Technical Studio or participate in LEGO Education programs in schools connect their lives with robotics, science, architecture, and design. But these children have a well-developed creative approach to learning in general. Because design also includes the development of engineering and logical abilities.

During the existence of the studio, a generation of children grew up who transferred their childhood hobbies of design into adulthood, making it their profession.

For example, one of the students of “Vinakhidnik”, Alexey Tkachenko, being a multiple winner of the All-Ukrainian Olympiad in Robotics and a participant in the World Olympiad in Robotics, upon graduating from school, received an offer to study at a prestigious National University Jiaotong (NCTU) in Taiwan, where he continues to study robotics.

In 2015, in his second year of study, he took first place at the World Robotics Olympiad in the student category of the Advanced Robotic Challenge, and in 2016, second. Alexey sees his future closely connected with robotics.

Another graduate of the Vinakhidnik Technical Studio is Vlad Androshchuk, a 4th year student at the Faculty of Radio Electronics and computer systems at KNU named after. Shevchenko and simultaneously develops his own educational business- Singularity studio, where he teaches children how to program video games and other IT skills. In addition, Vlad teaches robotics to children in one of the Kyiv studios “Vinakhidnik”.

What skills are developed during games withLEGO

Children develop skills necessary for the future thanks to special training of teachers at the Technical Studio "Vinahidnik" and an atmosphere in which a certain value system is instilled.

“Children believe that with their projects, in which they invest their energy and knowledge, they can change the world for the better.”

Interest in the structure of the world and self-knowledge

Oksana reasonably noted that if parents consider their child a humanitarian, this does not mean that he does not need to know how the world works and how the laws of nature work. Robotics courses help you understand where the world is heading. Children, receiving fundamental knowledge, learn to better understand themselves, draw conclusions and solve specific problems.

“It is very important to switch a child’s interest from online games to real, interesting knowledge that is needed today, for example, learning programming, web design, creating their own websites and applications - the sooner they start applying knowledge, the easier it will be for them to decide on a profession.”

Communication skills

A person is happy when he does what interests him, but to find what he loves, you need to experiment, make mistakes, learn, surround yourself with passionate people and be able to work in a team.

“It’s great that children intuitively know how to communicate with gadgets, but it’s even more important to teach them communication skills: how to build relationships.”

Oksana noted that due to insufficient life experience, children do not always know how to build relationships correctly. And in studio classes, many situations, for example, conflict situations, are modeled and spoken out. In the future, communication skills will help children become excellent team players because they have already experienced different team roles and learned to value and respect the work of their colleagues.

Creativity

The whole world is now talking about the need to develop creativity and the ability to think outside the box and approach problems creatively. We don’t know what awaits us in the future: what works now will be irrelevant for the future, so one of the goals of the studio is to teach us to move away from stereotypes and templates and not be afraid of bold decisions.

“Forcing a child to study is wrong. You can captivate and show perspective. For example, knowledge of robotics will help in the work of a physician, engineer, aircraft designer, logistician, etc. Robotics is the foundation; then the child will choose where to apply this knowledge and skills. But there is no doubt that it will be in demand; robotics is one of the ten specialties of the future.”

During studio classes, children are presented with specific problems and explained that the creation of the present and future is in their hands, and then the children develop a completely different interest in learning and in everything that they are doing now.

Openness to the world

The first All-Ukrainian Robotics Olympiad, the first trip of the winners to the World Robotics Olympiad in South Korea and winning 6th place there, as well as a special prize - the Judges' Sympathy Cup - for project work in 2009 - all this became possible thanks to great faith in their capabilities and the efforts of the entire team and the organizing team - the Prolego company.

"We give our students the opportunity to see interesting world technologies of the future, feel the present, understand what knowledge you need to possess in order to be ready for adult life. When our children see the number of participants in the World Robotics Olympiad or the FIRST LEGO League Championship and appreciate the high level of preparation of their peers, it increases their level of interest in learning.”

It becomes clear to them what competition is and how much needs to be done to be competitive in the future. After the Olympiads, children get involved and begin to learn English, mathematics, and natural sciences. There comes an understanding that knowledge is serious and this is the future; they realize how important teamwork is.”

How to raise a happy person

Oksana advises talking more with children and remembering that behind every child’s question there is an interest and it is very important not to drown it out.

“Give detailed answers, discuss, ask more often than your children are interested in. It doesn't always work out right away, but you have to try day after day if you want to raise successful and happy individuals. Find out what their soul is about and gently guide them on their path through their dreams.”

You need to allow the child to try and make mistakes, holding back from categorical “no”. You just need to warn and definitely support to allow you to learn to make your choice. Many universities around the world have courses that teach students to learn from their mistakes while gaining invaluable experience.

“Give your child time to do nothing. When he goes about his business, plays, there is tremendous development. In our studios, we see that some children have a minute-by-minute schedule, they run from one section to another. This is the parents' choice. Try joining a game invented by your child, you will discover a lot about inner world your children, and about your own too. LEGO is a lifelong game, so say those who run this company today"

As for the choice future profession, then Oksana recommends that instead of imposing on children specialties that are in fashion or well-known today, let them find themselves.

Everyone knows what a project is. A designer, or design engineer, not only develops designs for buildings and mechanisms, but also brings them to life.

Demand

Payability

Competition

Entry barrier

Prospects

The designer is a specialization. Design engineer is usually used as a profession title. This specialist is engaged in the design of equipment or structures. At the same time, he calculates all the loads and probabilities so that the creation of a finished product according to his design is possible.

Story

The history of the profession goes back to ancient times. It was the designers who designed and calculated all the nuances during the construction of epoch-making structures, such as the tombs of the pharaohs and temples Ancient Greece. In those days, the name “engineer” was born, which translated from Latin meant “capable of inventing.”

Over time, the profession was not separated from architecture and mechanics. Since this function was assumed by the creators of the first mechanisms, with the development of technology and the emergence of such a process as the arms race, the need for specialist inventors increased sharply.

For the first time, the design profession appeared as a separate link during the period of active military operations. This is 13-15 centuries. Specialists created exclusively military equipment and innovations. The branch into a more peaceful direction of construction appeared only in the 16th century, when they began to build reliable river crossings. This is how the civil engineering branch emerged.

In the territory Russian Federation the first specialists appeared thanks to Tsar Peter the Great. He sent young and promising people to study abroad. As a result, the science of design, modeling and creation of drawings appeared in our state. Modern engineering has a number of branch varieties. Almost every science has its own specialist in this segment. Likewise, when creating drawings, there is a responsible master - a design engineer.

Description

The profession of a designer is quite popular these days. Not a single construction, not a single production takes place without the creation of drawings, according to which the object is assembled.

The range of activities of a designer includes a number of direct job responsibilities:

• Project development. He creates a drawing almost from scratch, based on the functional requirements of the customer or management.
• Analysis of the results obtained. This is necessary to identify and eliminate errors.
• Direct participation in the creation of the unit according to its drawing.
• Control of testing.
• Setting up an object before demonstrating it to management.

The profession of a designer has a high level of emotional stress, because it involves responsibility for the result and the funds spent on development. If mistakes are made incorrectly in the construction of buildings, mistakes can cost people's lives. Therefore, the designer is one of the main responsible persons in any process of invention, construction and creation, because the project is the basis of his work.

What specialties to study?

Considering the fact that design is a specialization that is an integral part of engineering, for education you should choose:

• Design and technology of electronic means.
• Electronic and optical-electronic devices and systems for special purposes.
• Ship's weapons.
• Operation of ship power plants.
• Laser equipment and laser technologies.
• Photonics and optoinformatics.
• Applied mechanics.
• Chemical technology of energy-saturated materials and products.
• Ground transport and technological complexes.
• Construction, operation, restoration and technical coverage of roads, bridges and tunnels.
• Mechatronics and robotics.
• Water transport management and hydrographic support of navigation.
• Applied mechanics.

There are other specializations that require a course in design and creation of drawings.

Where to study

To obtain this profession, you can choose one of the large universities with the appropriate specialization in any city of the Russian Federation. The most prestigious are:

What do you have to do at work and specializations?

A designer's working day is filled mainly with routine work. The list of his responsibilities consists of a number of mandatory processes:

• Receiving an order for development. The order states technical task indicating the volumes, loads and tasks of the equipment or building.
• Concept development. First of all, the designer calculates the maximum loads, based on which he plans the design.
• Creating a drawing. After conducting a thorough analysis of the requirements and considering the possibilities, the specialist begins to create a project on paper.
• Analysis of drawings. The designer checks the data and calculations again.
• Creation of the design. This specialist selects materials and takes part in the process of transferring the drawing into reality.
• The designer tests the equipment, checking its compliance with all declared characteristics.
• The final stage of the project is the presentation to the customer. The specialist demonstrates all functions and compliance with the requirements of superiors. When constructing a building, the presentation consists of putting the structure into operation.
• The designer also has a full range of responsibilities for maintaining all related documentation and registering it with the competent authorities.

The specifics of the work of these specialists involve a lot of routine processes that require increased concentration and a high level of responsibility. Such professionals are highly valued and required in most areas of human activity.

Who is it suitable for?

The profession of a designer is suitable for people with a technical mindset, because the activity is directly related to equipment and miscalculations.

This specialist must be very careful. The slightest inaccuracy in the drawings can lead to tragic consequences, especially when constructing bridges and buildings.

A high level of responsibility is also indispensable.

Stress resistance. Quite often, customers constantly change and supplement requirements with new facts and features.

Because of this, as a result, you have to redo the finished drawing again.

Demand

The profession of a designer is quite in demand. This is due to the fact that we live in an era of technology and innovation in everything.

How much do people working in this profession earn?

The earnings of designers are quite high. On average, these amounts range from 40-59 thousand rubles per month. The income may be more. It all depends on the type of project and financing of the work.

Is it easy to get a job?

Finding a job as a designer is quite easy. There are always vacancies. For employment, it is important to provide several successful projects or original developments. Experience will be an additional advantage.

Work starts with simple task on probation. Upon successful completion, you will confirm your qualifications and be hired on staff.

How does one usually build a career?

The profession does not imply career growth as such. The maximum level of development is the leading specialist of the project. However, given the solid level wages and her dynamic promotion, the position itself is already considered prestigious.

Prospects

The design profession is in constant development. This is due to the emergence of new technologies. To achieve success, it is important to keep up with the times and constantly develop.

In the future, you can head a solid project, receiving, in addition to the rate, a percentage of the company’s income.

The high level of wages allows experienced designers to start own business in a variety of fields of activity.

Graduates of universities in the Russian Federation are highly valued in the European Union, the USA and Canada. This position perfect for those who have set themselves a goal such as immigration to a more developed country economically country. The company can help employees who have proven themselves well in obtaining a residence permit.

A variety of machines and mechanisms are called technology. Engineers understand the operation of various machines and machines. They create new models of devices in design bureaus. Engineers first come up with the most complex equipment, then design it on paper - make drawings and only then bring it to life. Then workers, using the drawings, assemble a new machine from the parts. At the very end, engineers test it.

The work of these people is divided into many specialties. There are engineers who understand the operation of machine tools, others - the operation of machines, others - airplanes and helicopters, others - ships, and others - the operation of medical equipment. Engineers have more than 200 specialties!

Engineers work in factories, factories, construction sites, in mines and in transport, in agriculture and forestry.

Listen to the poem.

Engineer - expert in technology

An engineer is an expert in technology!

He knows any machine

He controls the technology

Assembles mechanisms.

Answer the questions

♦ What is meant by the word “technology”?

♦ Who creates new machines and mechanisms?

♦ In what areas do engineers work?

♦ Would you like to become an engineer?

Gornostaev Artyom

The work contains material about both the very first and modern designers, about the profession of “designer”, about the achievements of domestic developers and designers in various fields of science and technology. The material can also be used for class hour, and for labor training lessons for students in grades 1-4. At the competition "The Future of the North-West" in the category "Owls" in 2011, the author of the project took third place.

Download:

Preview:

Moscow Department of Education

North West Education Authority

GOU secondary school No. 143

Open competition for design and research works

« The future of the North-West»

Nomination: "Owls".

Direction: educational projects and research.

Section: "Technology and Design".

Project topic: "Constructor. What's happened? Who it?"

Work leaders:Filimonova Lyubov Yurievna,

teacher primary classes, Gornostaeva Ekaterina Aleksandrovna,

primary school teacher.

Moscow 2011.

		Pages
	I. Introduction.	2 - 3
	II. Main part.
		4 - 9
	2. Types of constructors.	10-13
	3 . Profession "designer".	13-14
		15-17
		17-19
	6. The role of the designer in the development of children.	19-21
	III. Conclusion.	22-23
	List of information sources used.
	Application.	25-26

1. Introduction.

I have a lot of toys at home: cars, soldiers, transformers and others. But for the second year now, the first place among them for me has been occupied by designers. Together with our friends, we design various equipment: planes, tanks, cars, and also weapons. After assembly we start the game. Of course, it happens that
During our games, parts cannot withstand heavy loads and become detached, but we do not lose heart and build our models anew. Our parents cannot tear us away from games for a long time, because the games are always new: every time more and more new design ideas come to mind!

Once my mother asked me a question: if I am so passionate about construction kits, would I like to know how and when they appeared. I thought about it and agreed. This is how my “research” began.

Target my research - study it yourself and introduce your classmates to broad concept the words "constructor".

At the very beginning of the research, I had the following idea: hypothesis: I suggested that, most likely, the childhood hobbies of design engineers influenced their choice of profession.

The following stood in front of me tasks:

• Define all meanings of the word “constructor”.
• Read about the history of the designer.
• Distribute all the constructors known to me into groups.
• Learn about the developments of outstanding Russian designers.
• Conduct a survey among some of my dad’s colleagues, modern designers.
• Determine what knowledge you will need to obtain to become a design engineer.
• Find information about how construction sets affect children's development.

During the research I:

• read about the history of the first designers and found their images on the Internet;
• looked at my home construction sets and analyzed what materials they were made from;
• designed various models;
• asked my dad about the design profession, read about it and found information about outstanding design engineers of the last century;
• conducted a survey among modern designers.

Having collected a lot of material, I wondered how design engineers chose such a profession. Together with my dad, who works at the Research Institute of Precision Instruments, we compiled a short questionnaire and asked my dad’s work colleagues, design engineers, to answer the questions asked in it. From the answers, I learned what these people were interested in in childhood, what profession they dreamed of, why they chose this profession, why it was dear to them, what they developed. This is the the appearance of my work.

Practical significancemy work is that the presentation created for work can be used as visual material to lessons visual arts and artistic work.

1. Main part.

1. When did the first designer appear?

To find out when designers appeared, you don’t need to look for the answer in ancient manuscripts and look at archaeological finds. This is one of the types of toys that appeared in our times.

Children's construction sets are available in any toy store today. From them you can build a house, a ship, a car, and even an entire city. The construction sets are colorful and varied, they are intended for a wide range of ages, and vary in complexity and number of parts. But they are all descendants of the very first designer.

The very first metal The children's construction set appeared more than a hundred years ago, at the very beginning of the twentieth century, in 1901. This designer was invented by an Englishman Frank Hornby. According to some information, He was an accountant, according to others - a clerk from butcher shop. Mr. Hornby said that this wonderful idea that a child could create technical innovations was born in his head while he was traveling on a train. The first construction set looked like this: beams, corners, ceilings, wheels, brackets and other parts made of metal were placed in a small box. Holes were already made in the parts in advance, and they were supplied with nuts, bolts, and other small items necessary to connect the parts; the set included a screwdriver and a wrench. Connecting the parts in different ways, it was possible to build bridges, construction cranes, trolleys, and various models of cars. Traditional houses, castles and cities were not intended in the first designer set; it was precisely a set for future mechanics and engineers. Of course, these toys were offered primarily to boys. The company named after Hornby continues to thrive today, offering the world stunning model railways.

Wooden construction setsinvented by an Austrian named Ehan Korbuli. He was a father of many children and a merchant. His youngest son's favorite pastime was breaking down structures that his older brothers built from wooden cubes. The “builders” were not at all happy about this fun. And then the wise father of conflicting children found a solution to the problem: he made holes in all the cubes, and they could be firmly connected using wooden sticks. This invention hit store shelves in 1903. Beech wood was used for the construction set. The new toy was called "Matador".

Modern designers from this company are very popular.

The first magnetic construction set appeared relatively recently. The idea belonged to an Italian inventorClaudio Vicentelli.He said that the unique idea was born very simply. Having noticed that there were practically no toys using magnets, Vicentelli set himself the task of revealing the capabilities of a magnet in this direction. Since 1998, Geomag construction sets have rapidly begun to gain popularity.

You can argue who was the first to createplastic construction set, but I would like to go straight to the constructors Lego . "Lego" means "play with fun." The birthplace of this designer is Denmark. In 1932Ol Kirk Christiansenopened own production various wooden products, including toys. The first Lego sets were made from wood. A plastic cube capable of connecting with others appeared only in 1947. Since that time, the plant has completely switched to plastic, but not because it is more convenient in production, but because of a fire in the production workshop wooden products. It was decided not to restore the workshop, but to switch to a different material. It’s amazing that since then, that is, for sixty years, all Lego elements have been combined with each other for any mounting option. Since 1963, the Lego company has been using safe, non-toxic plastic that hardly loses color over time. These constructors are designed for a wide variety of age groups children. Children all over the world enthusiastically appreciated the Danish invention, happily starting to build from bright Lego parts not only what the instructions suggested, but also their own amazing structures.

The tallest Lego tower in Legoland. The height of the tower is 30.5 meters.

Below are the designers of the last century.

Craftsman. 1954 set.	First sets in the UK Craftsman appeared in 1901. These were large construction sets, about 1 meter high, copies of them were made in Russia and Germany in the 60-70s. In Russia they were taught during labor lessons:
Erector constructor. Here's a 1920 Erector: After the war a new one appeared Erector:	It was first manufactured in 1913 and was produced until 1967. The kit consisted of small metal beams with holes for fasteners, and there was also a full range of devices such as pulleys, gears and small electric motors.
Canner kits. "Kanner Kits" were founded in 1947 in Cincinnati. First set: 1958 set (bridge, interchange). Later even a model appeared hydroelectric power station with pumps and turbine:

Today we can say with confidence that the designer keeps up with the times and can be a worthy competitor to the computer.

2. Types of constructors.

There are a great many types of constructors. Every year more and more new ones appear. They are made for children of all ages, from 3 years old to teenagers 12-16 years old. Both boys and girls play with construction sets. However, I will highlight only a few of the most popular types of construction sets among children, taking into account their themes and the materials from which they are made.

1. Wooden.

The wooden construction set uses natural materials. Wood is the most environmentally friendly material that can be used to create toys. The warmth that wood gives us makes the game very pleasant. Wooden construction sets many, among
“Logs” occupy a special place in them; this construction set allows you to build a house, cottage or hut without leaving your own room!

1. Metal or plastic with perforated strips and bolts for connecting parts.

Experts have thought out that from the planks, using bolts and screws, wheels and plateaus, it is possible to assemble robots, motorcycles, cars, helicopters, and much more. Usually the set includes a screwdriver and a wrench, with the help of which the products are assembled - this helps in the game to get acquainted with tools that are similar to real ones.

1. Magnetic.

1. Labyrinth.

1. Electronic.

1. Designers from Belgium Clix.

Its parts are made of elastic but flexible plastic, the corners are smooth, the connection is strong. This construction set allows you to assemble figures, ornaments, and entire buildings!Bright multi-colored parts will be connected and separated by hand, making a funny sound -"cry!" . That is why the toy got its name.

1. Soft three-dimensional construction set made from puzzle pieces from the “Umbum” series

(smart paper)

The parts of this construction set are numbered and can be assembled without glue or scissors. For convenience, they are squeezed out of the plates, into which they can then be reinserted after disassembly. The constructor is soft and pleasant to the touch; it can be easily bent if necessary to insert the parts deeper into each other. For girls, a series of “Furniture”, “Living Room” and others has been developed, for boys “Construction equipment”,

“Airport”, and for older children and even adults there are cardboard models: “Cathedral of the Savior on Spilled Blood”, “Water Mill”, etc.

1. Designers from Lego and other companies made from plastic bricks.

The most common Lego construction sets are designed for children of different ages: kids assemble simple pyramids and towers, preschoolers play themed construction sets like “Fire Brigade”, “Police Station”, etc., and teenagers even assemble radio-controlled models!
Ceramic construction sets. The set includes real bricks, windows, doors and special cement. Using these parts, you can build a small copy of a real house; it can be used several times, because... cement dissolves easily in water.

Each type of construction set meets its own goals, but there is one thing in common that unites them all - the child’s creativity, the desire to create something new and enjoy the results of his creativity.

1. Profession designer.

The word "constructor" derived from Latin constructor , which means " builder , architect " The Russian word “constructor” is about 200 years old; it came to us from the French language.

The idea of ​​​​creating any device, product that we use, originates in the head of a person whose profession is a designer-developer. Design engineers are involved in creating drawings of this product. The responsibilities of the designer include the development, adjustment, configuration and testing of the first sample and experimental products and devices that are planned for production in the future.

Depending on the type of activity performed, an engineer may work indoors, in a workshop, or in a laboratory. And if an engineer is directly involved in the construction of any premises, then his workplace will be the place where these systems are created – construction site.Previously, designers created all the drawings using a pencil, a ruler and a ruler on a special board - a drawing board.
Nowadays, the designer’s work is helped by computers, as well as programs that facilitate the process of creating a project and leave more opportunities for creativity.

A specialist who has chosen the profession of a designer must be aware of the latest technologies and strive to introduce them into manufacturing process. The designer must be able not only to design the device, the structureor technological process. It is important for him to bring the project to life, taking into account all the features associated with manufacturing. The work of a designer is very responsible, because incorrect calculations can sometimes even cost lives.

This profession can only be obtained in higher educational institutions.

The following qualities are required for a designer:

• technical mind,
• broad outlook,
• increased attention,
• communication skills and ability to work in a team,
• criticality,
• ability to be creative.

The profession of a designer is very interesting and multifaceted: these people design clothes, buildings, devices, household appliances and much more that a person needs.

4. Outstanding designers of the last century.

In the 20th century, the designers of our country created many devices, built many interesting buildings, developed many devices, thanks to which our country gained great authority among other countries of the world. Some of the designers became known throughout the world.

	Sergei Pavlovich Korolev- an outstanding designer and scientist who worked in the field of rocket and space technology. His design developments in the field of rocket technology are of great value for the development of domestic missile weapons. Thanks to S.P. Korolev, our state has become an advanced rocket and space power.
	Sergey Vladimirovich Ilyushin -famous aircraft designer. Under his leadership, the Il-2, Il-10 attack aircraft, Il-4, Il-28 bombers, Il-12, Il-14, Il-18, Il-62 passenger aircraft, as well as a number of experimental and experimental aircraft were created.
	Nikitin Nikolay Vasilievich- Soviet scientist in the field of reinforced concrete and metal structures. Participated in the creation of unique buildings and structures: Moscow State University (in Moscow), the Motherland monument in Volgograd and the Ostankino TV tower project in Moscow, the steel mesh projecttowers 4 kilometers high commissioned by a Japanese company.

These are just a few representatives of a huge era, whose products entered the history of Russian design and became the property of our country.

5. Questioning of designers of our time.

While studying the topic “Profession of Designer,” I had several questions, the answers to which required seeking help and advice from specialists. This is how the idea of ​​compiling a questionnaire came about.

My dad, Igor Nikolaevich Gornostaev, works as a process engineer at the Moscow Research Institute of Precision Instruments, developing methods, techniques and tools that can be used to produce a product conceived by a design engineer. He regularly communicates with designers working in the field of space technology. Dad and I invited some of them to answer the questionnaire.

In order for the designers to understand the purpose of the survey, I wrote a short message to them in the questionnaire, in which I told them that I am in the 1st grade, I am interested in design, I am participating in a district competition, and I am writing a project work

Constructor

A designer is a specialist who develops technical projects, analyzes the designs embedded in them, checks the documentation. The responsibilities of a specialist in this profession include control of detailed design, development of instructions for the further use of created structures, testing of experimental parts and products, and their adjustment. And besides, these are the people who create airplanes, launch satellites into space and spaceships, participate in the process of creating complex technologies.

History of the emergence of the profession Constructor How did the profession originate? How did the profession develop?

Exact time The emergence of the Designer craft is difficult to establish. Maybe among the first Soviet times the profession of design engineer was honorable and prestigious. But, when in the 90s the state stopped funding institutions engaged in research activities, when many industrial enterprises became bankrupt, this profession lost its attractiveness. Today, the prestige of the profession is rising again. Design engineers are required by many private and public enterprises.

Significance to society Importance, meaning and social status professions

To become a successful specialist and have a good career, a design engineer must be familiar with the latest technologies existing in his industry, introduce them into the production process.

Features of the profession Constructor Uniqueness and prospects of the profession

Most often, an enterprise or organization employs several similar specialists, each of whom is responsible for some certain side production process has its own specialization. It depends on her in which production premises A design engineer works, creating and supervising testing of new designs and parts. He can also work at a construction site, where he inspects the construction of structures and elements included in the project.

"Pitfalls" of the profession Constructor All the pros and cons of the profession. Difficulties and features.

The responsibilities of a designer include not only the design of a device, structure or technological process. For him, it is very important to implement the project, taking into account all the features that are associated with the manufacturing process. The main thing in the profession of a design engineer is the enormous responsibility for one’s calculations, because if they are performed incorrectly, it can cost the lives of many people. The personal qualities of a design engineer are a technical mindset, analytical thinking, the ability to concentrate, and increased attention.