Domed monolithic concrete house to build. Dome house with their own hands. Design features of the dome house

Dome houses in our country are not widely used and are not used in mass construction. However, for those who are inclined to realize their most daring ideas and ideas, this project can be a great way to build an unusual house. Of course, such a construction has its own specifics. The article will consider what domed houses are: projects and prices, as well as a description of the structures and photos of the original buildings.

Dome-type houses are a rarity in our area, and they can rarely be found on city streets. For this reason, not much is known about the advantages and disadvantages of such structures and how justified their construction is in comparison with traditional buildings.

Among the positive aspects of the construction of such unusual houses are:

• the interior space of houses that have a domed shape is used more rationally. First of all, this can be seen if you make calculations for two houses that are the same in area, but have a different shape (dome and square). In the first case, the savings in building materials will be about 20%;
• in comparison with domed houses, rectangular houses are less resistant to mechanical loads, including winds. By itself, the hemisphere can withstand much more, of course, if all calculations have been made correctly;

Note! A domed house, built in accordance with all norms and rules, is able to withstand even a strong earthquake and not collapse. However, for this it must have a solid foundation and high build quality.

Subject to compliance with all norms and rules of construction, a domed house can become a reliable and durable structure.

• flat roofs are already not very popular in our climate zone, however, the dome shape of the roof will completely save you from having to clean the snow from the roof;
• the number of windows that can be provided in a domed house without compromising structural strength is much greater than for standard buildings;
• due to its shape, the domed house can be located on the site on any side, and the load will always be distributed evenly.

Among other advantages, it is worth noting that due to the lower weight of the entire structure, it does not need such a massive foundation as for traditional buildings. A not too expensive and complex tape base will be quite enough. In addition, the assembly of the structure is made from ready-made elements, so that it takes only a few days.

Among the shortcomings of such structures, the following nuances are noted:

• if it is to be in a small or narrow area, it is not easy to conveniently place a round-shaped structure;
• arranging furniture in a finished house can also cause some difficulties related to the shape of the house. Putting something against the wall is unlikely to succeed;

• the construction of such a structure implies non-standard execution of some of its parts, which may entail additional costs;
• it is difficult to create a project for a domed house on your own. You can use a ready-made one or order an individual development using 3D technologies.

It is also worth understanding that standard windows in domed houses are of little relevance. Round or triangular windows are much more suitable, which will organically fit into the overall image of the house.

Useful advice! If you want to build a sphere house, you can find designs of spherical houses of a suitable size on the Internet or contact a company that manufactures and assembles them.

Prices for dome structures:

Design name	Area, m²	Number of floors	Peculiarities	price, rub.
Dobrosfera Z6	28	1	Free layout. Ability to install windows of any shape	68000
Dobrosfera Z10	120	2	Wooden floor between floors, free layout	188000
Dome house from "IST Sphere"	102	2	Dome diameter - 8.8 m. Free layout	418000
Domokomplekt D9	60	2	Complete second floor. Includes everything needed to build a house and a foundation plan	450000
Domokomplekt D12	165	2	All wooden elements are treated with fire protection. Included in the kit detailed instructions for assembly, as well as a foundation scheme	710000
Dome house from "IST Sphere"	283	3	The construction period, taking into account the design, is 2-4 months. Dome diameter - 12.5 m	840000

Dome houses: projects, design features and its construction

In order to give the house a domed shape, a special power frame is used, on top of which a protective and decorative coating is mounted. The inner part of the walls must be sheathed with insulation. At the same stage, they are engaged in laying network cables and other communications.

The construction of interior partitions and the installation of door and window openings is carried out using standard technologies that are also used in traditional buildings.

To provide the frame elements with a reliable connection, special fasteners are used, which are called connectors. Since it is they who take on all the main burden from using the house, their choice should be given Special attention. It is necessary to select and buy connectors for the domed house High Quality and save on purchases.

If you plan to build a house on your own, the area of ​​\u200b\u200bwhich will be from 150 to 250 m², then it is recommended to use a steel billet with a thickness of at least 3-4 mm. In most cases, this is sufficient, since such buildings rarely have more than 2 floors, and the load is distributed in such a way as not to have a destructive effect on the frame.

Spherical houses: projects and materials for construction

In the process of building spherical houses, as a rule, preference is given to light, environmentally friendly and durable materials. In addition, they should be easy to mount and at the same time fully fulfill their role. Consider the components for spherical construction:

• connectors for a domed house - elements that provide strength to the structure at the points of nodal connections. In order to protect these areas from the appearance of corrosion, they are additionally opened with a primer and paint;
• an insulating layer is required, which is most often used as mineral wool. However, there is another option - foamed polyurethane. It is easier to install and, unlike mineral wool, does not allow moisture to pass through, which greatly facilitates the work;

• as a roofing substrate, OSB board is used, which belongs to category 3 or 4. For their production, wood chips are used, which are pressed and fastened together using synthetic resins. Such plates are strong enough for this purpose and are extremely resistant to severe loads;

Note! Previously, OSB boards were not recommended for use in the construction of residential premises, since they had the property of releasing formaldehydes that are unsafe for humans. However, today in the process of their manufacture, only the most modern materials and technologies are used, which completely eliminated such risks.

• flexible tiles are used to decorate the upper part of the roof, since this is the only material that easily takes any shape and at the same time simply and quickly fits;

• the layout of domed houses can be any. Using, for example, drywall sheets, you can divide the available space in a way that is convenient;
• For interior decoration, a wide variety of materials can be used. To create an original interior of a domed house, you can use any available materials, combining and combining them at your discretion.

As you can see, all the materials that are used for the construction of domed houses are lightweight and extremely easy to assemble and dismantle. That's why finished house you can always disassemble, transport to another place, and reassemble without damaging the structure and completely preserving all the characteristics of the building.

Features of the layout of the domed house: photos and recommendations

Of course, the layout of the domed house will be somewhat different from what we are used to. However, this does not mean at all that the unusual shape of the building imposes any restrictions or prohibitions on the owners. On the contrary, thanks to the unusual shape of the walls, you can create the most unusual and original interiors.

Here are some tips to help with the arrangement and decoration:

• since all furniture and decorative elements are designed to be placed against a standard wall, you can think about custom-made to order. For example, semicircular paintings placed on the wall look great;
• if necessary, furnish an office, you can think about wooden furniture, the elements of which will exactly repeat the shape of the walls, giving the room an unusual atmosphere;
• as for the installation of various communications, only the shape of the internal walls, as well as the features of the finishing materials used, will play a role here;

Useful advice! Some builders recommend using straw for wall insulation. You can learn how to make a domed house out of straw on specialized sites and forums.

• an element such as a fireplace can be placed in the center of the room, making it the main element of the composition and at the same time solving the problem of the lack of a flat wall for its installation. In addition, this will allow you to save the maximum amount of heat that it gives, without wasting it on heating external walls;

Related article:

Houses with a unique design and popular architectural solutions. Tips for developing and choosing the optimal building layout for living.

• Another problem that may arise is opening windows. If they are located high enough, then it will be simply inconvenient to open them manually. For this purpose, there are automated systems, which allow you to do this with the help of electric drives;
• special attention should be paid to the lighting of the domed house. It will be better if there are many light sources, because if you use one traditional chandelier under the ceiling, there may not be enough light.

Dome house: photos, projects and technical features to consider

In addition to the features that owners have to face in the process of arranging a domed house, it is also necessary to take into account a number of requirements that apply to any residential building. So, the project must be drawn up taking into account all fire safety standards, as well as in accordance with the construction rules.

It is necessary to take into account the terrain and type of soil on which the building will be erected. The level at which groundwater is located plays an important role, since, despite the relatively small weight of the structure, it is still a residential building that must stand firmly and not succumb to external destructive factors over time.

Of course, in the construction process, we strive to use the most natural and environmentally friendly materials. But when it comes to the implementation of such a non-standard project as a domed house, you should pay attention to modern artificial materials. In many cases, they are superior to natural counterparts in a number of technical characteristics.

Finishing the facade of a domed house with natural stone

It is worthwhile to think carefully about heating and ventilation systems, since their arrangement has certain nuances, and in order to economically allocate resources, it is important to study this issue in advance.

Useful advice! To receive you need to current list norms and requirements, you can contact a specialized organization. Moreover, there you can get information about typical domed houses and see their photos and projects.

How to build a domed house with your own hands: assembly instructions

In order to build a strong and reliable domed house, it is necessary to strictly adhere to the proposed algorithm, step by step performing each operation. Consider each stage from laying the foundation to the final finishing of the house.

As with the construction of any traditional house, it is necessary to start with measurements and equipment of the appropriate foundation, which will become a reliable basis for the structure. After that, the main elements of the frame are laid out, which will perform a supporting function and are the basis of the whole house.

Using a wooden hammer, dowels must be hammered into the supporting vertical beams. The strength of such a connection is provided by the own weight of the elements. For this reason, construction progresses extremely quickly, especially considering the fact that special grooves are provided in the lower parts of the boards.

After that, you can proceed to the installation of transverse struts and fixing the OSB board. For this purpose, standard self-tapping screws are perfect, which will provide quick and reliable fastening.

At the top point, where all the beams converge, a special disk is used for secure fastening. At the same time, the lower segments are also sheathed, which gives the structure additional stability and strength. After that, it remains only to install the upper struts and sheathe the frame with wood boards.

Acting according to this scheme, it is quite possible to assemble it yourself, instead of purchasing a ready-made domed house. Owner reviews claim that if you strictly follow all the recommendations, then in the end you will get no less durable construction that will serve you for more than one year.

Ready-made domed houses: projects, prices and photos of popular options

Not everyone wants to build a house on their own, and many prefer that specialists implement it on their site. finished project domed house. This option is less risky, since it excludes the most difficult stages of preparation, and the calculation of a domed house is reduced only to taking into account the existing conditions.

But before ordering a turnkey domed house, it would be useful to familiarize yourself with as many offers as possible in this area. Projects and prices of spherical houses can differ significantly from each other, which, on the one hand, greatly expands the choice, and on the other hand, complicates the task of choosing the best the best option.

As for the price of a turnkey domed house, it is important to understand here that in addition to acquiring the frame itself, you also need to take into account various indirect costs that, one way or another, will arise during the construction process.

Buying a domed house may not be as profitable as building it yourself, but you get a guarantee from the manufacturer and in case of any problems, you can easily turn to him for help. As an example, consider several options for domed houses, their prices and main characteristics.

The cost of finished domed houses:

Design name	Area, m²	Number of floors	Peculiarities	price, rub.
ARMIT Group Project No. 7	50	free layout	The set includes an entrance door, 4 plastic windows, full insulation and cladding of the house	440000
Dome-Dom Standard Dome House	52	3	Included in the price fine finish walls, both from the outside and from the inside, flooring, installation of windows and doors, bathroom	690000
Enlarged house from Dome-Dom	from 72	4	Finishing with flexible tiles, flooring - laminate, in the upper part of the house there is	793000
ARMIT Group Project No. 8	235	free layout	The height of the dome at the zenith is 7.2 m, the diameter is 12 m. The construction of interior partitions is carried out on an individual order	1350000
Sky 7.7	81.7	2	Delivery cost depends on the location of the site. There is a terrace	1790000 + finishing materials
Sky 12	191.5	4	German roofing. Two bathrooms	4450000 + finishing materials

Stratodesic dome house: cost and features

The stratodesic dome house is a structure that is assembled from separate vertical posts assembled at the top point. Such structures differ from geodesic domes, because if partial sheathing is not carried out in parallel with the assembly of the frame, the house will not have the necessary stability and it may simply fold.

When building a small house with an area of ​​about 52 m², the complete assembly takes only a few hours. However, including all additional finishing work, it may take up to 7 days. At the same time, the purchase and assembly of the frame will cost about 500 thousand rubles, excluding interior finishing work and the purchase of necessary materials.

Useful advice! Be sure to read the reviews of the owners of domed houses. This technology has been used in our region not so long ago and, perhaps, on thematic forums and websites you can find useful information and practical advice for construction.

Dome houses using Japanese technology

The Japanese technology for the construction of domed houses implies the use of not only non-standard solutions in the process of assembling the frame, but also the use of non-traditional materials for this type of building. This technology makes it possible to build domed houses from foam plastic, which has excellent heat and sound insulation properties, while having a very low cost.

Depending on the characteristics of climatic conditions, materials of various thicknesses (from 8 to 19 cm) are used for the construction of a domed house made of expanded polystyrene. The frame is assembled from separate sections, in which there are already door and window openings.

Installation of the entire structure can be carried out both on a conventional and on a wooden frame. The difference will be only in the method of attaching the house to the base. All communications are laid in the internal partitions of the house, and in the presence of several floors and in the ceilings.

The main advantage of domed houses built using Japanese technology is high mobility and at the same time sufficient reliability to build such houses even in our rather harsh climate. According to reviews, domed houses, with proper decoration and insulation, are in no way inferior to traditional buildings in technical specifications.

When you get acquainted with the projects and prices of domed houses made of polystyrene foam, you will notice that their cost can differ significantly. It depends not only on the materials used, but also on the company itself, which is engaged in the production and sale of sections. The minimum cost will be 2000 rubles per 1 m², however, it depends on how thick the walls will be and what materials will be used.

Looking through photos of domed houses, projects, as well as construction instructions, you can make sure that such original idea like home spherical shape worthy of attention. At an affordable cost, this design is very easy to build, resistant to any external factors and is in no way inferior to traditional houses. And in order to do everything on your own, without resorting to the help of specialists, just watch thematic video tutorials.

Dome house: video instruction for self-assembly of the structure

Domed houses are unusual structures that can amaze at first sight. Now an increasing number of extraordinary personalities are choosing just such a dwelling, since ordinary houses do not suit them due to the lack of individuality. At first glance, it seems that such houses are completely unsuitable for life, but this is not at all the case. And to be sure of this, it is worth considering all their features.

Dome houses: projects and design features

Since domed houses are a rare phenomenon, our compatriots know practically nothing about such structures. The domed house is built according to a special technology, which involves the construction of a frame in the form of a polyhedron, close in appearance to a sphere.

Thanks to the domed shape, the house is much better than a rectangular house withstanding snow and wind loads. It is worth noting that there is not a single rectangular or square room inside such a building. In each, at least one wall will be uneven.

The construction of a domed house is carried out according to frame technology from the selected material. Typically, such a frame is made of lightweight material, for example, from timber or metal pipes. The next step in building a house is sheathing with sheet material and insulation. The domed house has no differences in terms of material from an ordinary house.

Abroad, there are domed houses made of monolithic concrete, but in our country the technology from this material is too expensive. In addition, a domed house of this type also needs to be insulated with high-quality reliable material in order to operate in the winter months. There are several types of frames for domed houses:

• geodesic;
• stratodesic.

It is necessary to familiarize yourself with each of these types in more detail in order to understand the specifics of domed structures.

Geodesic frame

The polyhedron of the house is divided into component parts, made in the form of triangles. The main feature of this domed house technology is the connection of several beams at one point. Reliable fixation of all parts of the house is carried out with the help of metal connectors - fasteners. The cost of connectors starts from 600 rubles. Given that there are many connections in the design, then a significant amount comes out.

Important! Some, during dome construction, try to make connections with their own hands or not use them at all to reduce the cost of construction, but a poor-quality connection can lead to the collapse of the domed house.

It is worth noting the advantage of this type of domed house frame - it is resistance to destruction. Subject to the construction technology, if 35% of the structure collapses, the house will still stand.

It is also very convenient that the geodesic dome allows you to make windows and doors for the house in any quantity and in any place. It is only worth considering the fact that the windows will have the shape of a triangle.

Stratodesic framework

Such a domed house is assembled from sections that have the shape of a trapezoid. This suggests that it is possible to introduce standard windows and doors into a domed house of this type. It is possible to remove any elements from such a house frame only after a careful calculation of the bearing capacity, so the transfer of the opening can be delayed for a long time.

Sheathing the frame of such a domed house with sheet material is carried out as it is erected. That is, when performing the second row of elements, the first should already be sheathed with the selected material. This is due to the low resistance to torsional loads of the finished frame of the domed house, which affects the possibility of sheathing with facing material.

Connectors are not required to connect the elements in the dome structure, here special locking connections are used for fixing. It is worth noting that the material for such a domed house will take more due to the large number of trimmings.

The layout of the domed house

Of course, in terms of planning, such a house is completely different than an ordinary one. But this is not an indication that the owner of the house will not be able to create exactly the design that suits him. On the contrary, in domed houses you can create truly unique interiors using familiar materials.

If you take into account some tips, you can get the perfect layout and design:

Advantages and disadvantages

The decision to build a domed house for yourself, regardless of its material, can be considered bold. To accept it, you should familiarize yourself in advance with the positive and negative aspects of the structures of houses created using this technology.

Advantages of domed houses

In addition to the unusual shape and appearance, domed houses have the following advantages:

Many say that the cost of building a domed house is less than usual due to the smaller area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe walls, since little material is used. But here it’s worth mentioning right away that although less material is required, in the process of building a house, specialized elements are required, which also cost a lot. Therefore, we can conclude that the price of such a house is comparable to the cost of a conventional frame house.

Cons of domed houses

There are also disadvantages to this technology, so when planning construction, they should also be known:

Dome houses using Japanese technology

The Japanese came up with an economical and practical option for building domed houses. They are erected from foam, which becomes a clear advantage. Since Japan is located in a seismically dangerous zone and earthquakes are not uncommon in the country, this version of a house made of light material becomes a salvation for the Japanese.

Styrofoam dome houses

This version of the domed house can be built in our area, but you should pay attention to technology. So, the frame of a domed house according to Japanese technology is assembled from separate blocks with window and door blocks in the planned places.

Due to the special processing of expanded polystyrene, it is hardened, which allows you to see a completely different material than everyone is used to. In addition, it is subjected to processing from increased flammability and fire hazard.

Important! Due to the dome shape and low weight, such a house can be located on a site with a difficult terrain and not be provided with a massive foundation.

According to the authors of the technology, such a domed building is very economical and highly functional. So, for example, we can say that modern polystyrene foam is one of those materials that retain heat much better than, for example, silicate brick or concrete. This allows you to save significant money on heating your home. Building a house through a modular approach is much easier, faster and cheaper than the usual option.

To protect against external influences, a domed house made of expanded polystyrene must have the correct cladding, which will prevent erosion and crumbling of the material. Subject to the installation and design technology, the service life of such a domed house can be about 60 years.

But houses made using Japanese technology also have significant disadvantages:

1. Insufficient material strength, which is unlikely to fully guarantee the safety of the interior space of the house.
2. Potential for material to ignite, which may start despite module preprocessing.
3. Synthetic origin of the material, which can have an impact on human health with constant contact.

Dome house "Dobrosfera"

Now on the market there is a designer of such a house called "Dobrosfera". Manufacturers claim that everyone can assemble such a frame at home. In its design, the simplest technology of roofing and insulation was used.

For the first time this type of house appeared in 2015, and already in 2016 mass production was launched and sales were established. At the moment, the project offers various diameters of domed houses, ranging between 12 and 300 meters.

The advantages of this type of domed houses are:

1. Withstanding wind and snow loads that occur in different latitudes of our country.
2. Opportunity to save on heating and materials for home decoration.
3. The ability to place windows and doors anywhere in the frame.
4. Exclusion of maintenance of roofing material - basalt tiles for 50 years.
5. Quick installation at home.
6. The exclusion of shrinkage at home, which allows, after installing the frame, immediately proceed to finishing with the selected material.

Dome houses: owner reviews

It would be wrong not to mention in this material the opinions of those people who already live in this kind of structure. In general, those who took a chance and made a domed house for themselves are satisfied with its unique appearance, economy, as well as the atmosphere that is observed inside the building.

Important! The high aerodynamic properties of the house are noted by the owners as a particularly positive nuance. No wind will be terrible for such a building, no matter from which side it blows.

Among the disadvantages that are highlighted by the owners of these houses, one can especially note the impossibility of the main part of the developers to create this kind of house using the right technology. Since construction is not yet very common in our country, there are few craftsmen ready to get to work, which requires a long search for them.

This house is not standard. Only those people who are used to extraordinary decisions and want to change their lives will be able to live in it. For those who are conservative in most matters and are used to following stereotypes, the domed building will not bring joy.

Dome houses or domed housing construction belongs to the category of fairly new trends in architecture. However, dome-shaped residential structures have a long history and have been used by various ethnic groups in Russia.

Dome houses or domed housing construction belongs to the category of fairly new trends in architecture.

The special shape of the domed buildings makes it possible to safely classify such houses as real works of art. Among other things, domed buildings are superior to traditional cubic buildings in almost all of their parameters. This design assumes the complete absence of the ceiling part and load-bearing supports, which saves building materials and does not build a massive base. The foundation of the building can be represented by a conventional strip or pile foundation. Dome construction is used on the basis of a modern pneumoframe or fixed formwork.

The design promotes ideally uniform distribution of loading. In the presence of mechanical impact on any section of the erected structure, the most effective distribution of it throughout the array is ensured. This unusual property is especially pronounced in buildings based on a triangular frame. It is the structural features of domed or so-called hemispherical structures that make them the best option for installation in regions with stably unstable soil and climatic conditions.

Features of domed houses (video)

Domed house shapes

Hemispherical buildings are made of concrete or brick, and a wooden, domed, easily erected house is also popular. Buildings differ not only in material, but also in the form of execution.

popular shape

An original, reliable and beautiful building, which is built using several tetrahedral polyhedra. Regular four-dimensional polyhedra are four-dimensional analogues of regular polyhedra, which allows you to get a beautiful, reliable and easy-to-use residential building with an original appearance.

Icosahedron shape

The building is an almost ideal option for dividing space into several separate vectors. All twelve vertices of the structure are located three in four parallel planes, forming a regular triangle in each of them. Ten vertices are located in two parallel planes, where they form a pair of regular pentagons, and the other two are opposite to each other and lie in a perpendicular direction.

Hemispherical buildings are made of concrete or brick

Cons and pros of domed houses

The main advantages are presented:

• increased resistance to wind loads, due to the aerodynamic shape of the structure;
• increased seismic resistance with very uniform distribution loads on the entire frame plane;
• no need to build an expensive foundation;
• free layout, without restrictions in the form of columns and struts;
• external aesthetics and futuristic appearance;
• energy efficiency and improved natural convection ventilation to save on heating or ventilation costs;
• optimal acoustic characteristics and the absence of external noise penetration into the living space;
• affordable cost for self-construction.

All known to date shortcomings are most often psychological, as well as informational in nature. Interior features combined with round walls and unusual layout are not always familiar to humans.

Design options for domed houses

Depending on the design features, domed houses can have several options for the execution of the outer part of the building. Domed buildings can be represented by:

• buildings of a convex type;
• belt type buildings;
• buildings with an oval dome;
• polygonal buildings based on polyhedrons;
• semicircular designs.

The usable area of ​​a hemispherical structure is about one third less than that of a rectangular building.

The internal layout of domed houses

When planning a domed structure, it is necessary to take into account several quite significant differences from the usual interior. The unusual, original shape of the house does not impose any restrictions or prohibitions on the owner. Thanks to the unusual shape, it becomes possible to create the most unusual and original interiors, attractive and convenient in terms of operation. When designing a design, you should follow a few simple recommendations:

• furniture and decorative interior elements should be ordered in accordance with individual sizes;
• custom-made paintings with a semicircular shape, which are placed on the walls of a hemispherical room, look very original;
• when choosing an office environment, wooden furniture with elements that exactly repeat the shape and texture of the walls can be used;
• it is advisable to place a fireplace in the central part of the room, making such a heater the main element of the composition;
• a traditional ceiling chandelier is best replaced with a significant number of spotlights.

Particular attention will be required to install a variety of engineering networks and communications, which are located depending on the shape of the internal walls and the main characteristics of the materials used in the decoration.

When planning a domed structure, it is necessary to take into account several quite significant differences from the usual interior.

Windows and doors of domed houses

By itself, the design of domed structures allows, absolutely without prejudice to strength indicators, to replace half of the elements with entrance and window groups, as well as to allocate the maximum amount of surface for the glazing procedure. In this case, the building acquires a light and airy appearance.

However, the larger the total area of ​​glazing, the higher the probability of heat loss. This issue can be completely solved by installing packages, for the manufacture of which special glass is used, which has an effective heat-shielding coating or film. Also, a good result can be achieved when replacing a double-glazed window with ordinary window blocks with a triple type of glazing.

Glazing of a one-story domed house is carried out with standard wooden or plastic rectangular or triangular windows. The combination of triangular, pentagonal or hexagonal window blocks with double glazing looks very harmonious and economical, as well as original. The doorway involves, most often, embedding a special vestibule into the domed structure.

Gallery: domed houses (50 photos)

Materials used for the construction of domed houses

Spherical houses of a semicircular shape, as a rule, are represented by a frame base made of wood or metals. The most common variety are frames, made using a large number of parts that differ in length. In the process of combining such elements form a sphere. For the construction of a house-sphere, different building materials can be used, presented:

• wood;
• foam concrete blocks;
• metal elements;
• brick;
• polystyrene boards;
• polystyrene;
• concretes;
• clay.

Brick-type domed houses, as well as spherical monolithic structures built using foam concrete or wood, are practically in no way inferior in their main characteristics and durability to buildings built in the traditional way.

Presentation of the domed house (video)

The main stages of building a domed house with your own hands

There are several ways to do the domed construction of a hemispheric house with your own hands. A unique structure, formed in a hemispherical or conical shape, due to its design features, will not require the purchase of a large amount of building and finishing materials. In appearance, such a house looks modern and aesthetically pleasing, as well as natural, like nature itself. It is quite possible to erect buildings of this type not only in the southern regions, but also in the north.

With proper arrangement of such a house, thermal efficiency can exceed even the wildest expectations.

Drawing up a project of a domed house

The most important condition that allows you to build a beautiful, reliable and durable structure is the need to competently complete the design drawings, as well as to correctly calculate all the building materials used. The design of the dome structure is required, and without such documentation it is almost impossible to build a structure in a spherical shape with your own hands.

When drafting a project, you should decide on the shape of a spherical house, which can be represented by the shape of an icosahedron or simple polyhedra. The first option, at present, is the most rational and allows you to correctly divide the entire space into several specific vectors, which has a positive effect on the strength of the structure.

It is quite possible to build domed houses not only in the southern regions, but also in the north

Foundation manufacturing

There are no specific requirements for the foundation for a domed house. Finished hemispherical structures are lightweight, so a building of this type can be placed on almost any type of foundation. However, according to experts in the construction industry, the best option is to use a standard shallow foundation foundation of a tape type.

Strip foundations are represented by reinforced concrete structures, which are located along the perimeter of the domed structure being erected. The design is represented by a reinforcing mesh or crate, as well as a concrete mass. The reinforcing crate is made of reinforcement with a diameter of 1.2-1.4 cm, tied with wire.

After the pit is ready, the crate is laid in it and the concrete mass is poured. A waterproofing layer, represented by roofing felt, is applied to the finished foundation base, which will prevent the negative impact of moisture on the structure.

Ready-made hemispherical structures are lightweight, so a building of this type can be placed on almost any type of foundation

Frame erection

Hemispherical structures are constructed, as a rule, using wood. Taking into account the expected loads, a beam with the required cross section is selected. Low buildings can be erected from a bar with a non-increased cross section. For independent construction of large domes, the use of standard connectors is mandatory. It is with the help of five-beam or six-beam connectors that all the wooden elements of the structure under construction are combined. Connectors for domed houses are coated with a primer and paint to protect against corrosion.

For the arrangement of not too voluminous domes, the use of connectors is inappropriate. If there are sufficient skills in building a house with your own hands and in woodworking, then a complete rejection of the use of connectors in the design is allowed. However, in this case, it will be necessary to prepare special stiffeners, which guarantees the minimization of seams when connecting all the components of the spherical structure used.

Hemispherical structures are usually constructed using wood

dome cladding

A prerequisite for obtaining the most reliable and durable hemispherical construction is the use of an insulating layer, which, as a rule, is used mineral wool or foamed polyurethane. The second option is quite simple to install and moisture resistant.

As a roofing substrate, OSB-boards based on pressed wood chips bonded with synthetic resins are most often used. Such plates are characterized by sufficient strength and resistance to significant loads. External design can be done with flexible tiles, which can easily take any form. Such a finishing material is very easy to work with and fits as quickly as possible with your own hands.

The frame of the domed house (video)

Final work

At the final stage, planning and interior arrangement are carried out, as well as windows and doors are installed. The layout of a residential building of a domed or hemispherical type can be absolutely any. Experts advise dividing the existing internal space with drywall sheets, depending on the intended decor.

In the interior decoration, designers use a wide variety of building and finishing materials that can be combined and combined at your discretion. It is desirable to involve specialists in the arrangement of engineering networks and communication nodes. Properly executed according to a competent project, the bathing structure can be easily dismantled and installed in another place.

Attention, only TODAY!

Dome houses under the LotosDom brand are produced by a team of professionals construction market in the association and with the direct participation of the author and owner of the patent for this construction technology - the Russian architect Vitaly Nikolaevich Grebnev. The site told about new unusual houses, their unique properties and construction technologies. CEO company "LotosDom" Sergey Prelov.

- What is the uniqueness of the houses you build?

We can talk about this for a very long time, since we use a lot of new and not yet widespread. First and foremost, LotosDom is first and foremost an innovative house. We know a lot about innovation in electronics, education, steelmaking, but almost never about innovation in house building. In fact, all the houses came to us from the distant or recent past: "Khrushchev", "Stalin", rectangular buildings, ordinary shapes. "LotosDom" is a house that has no analogues in the world today. There are spherical or round houses - for example, many such houses were built in Canada, the northern states of the USA, Japan, but in no country are houses built using the technology that we use.

- What materials are used in the construction of your domed houses?

The materials are also unique in their kind, because we build monolithic houses, and this important point. In monolithic houses, as a rule, different types of concrete are used. We use a modern new material - foamed glass ceramics, which allows us to get a warm wall, this is a building term that means that we are building warm houses for year-round use.

We use two know-hows in our houses, one of them is just materials. On our website, we explain to customers what kind of material it is, but we don’t want to openly and massively share this information, because many developers want to get such a warm wall. Actually, a single-layer warm wall has only one component, which immediately provides minimal heat loss at home, and you do not need to additionally insulate, cover, protect, and so on.

- The domed shape is associated with a temple, a church building. Is it the shape of the roof?

You are right and wrong at the same time. Yes, in churches the end of the roof is called a dome. And this form was not chosen by chance, because there is practically no load in domed roofs. Please note: snow does not linger on the domes of churches. But a dome is such a common name for a shape, and strictly speaking, our houses are not domed, but spherical. Just to make it clear to people what it is about, the word "dome" is used.

- What advantages does this form of building give, how does it differ from ordinary houses?

There are many benefits, I will touch on a few of the most important. I repeat, this is the absence of snow load, which is important for Russia with its harsh winter. This is the lack of wind load, which the spherical shape of the house levels out. Simply put, our house is protected from natural phenomena, they seem to bypass them due to the shape of the structure.

Next - a different movement of air inside the building. In a sphere, air rises up and descends in the same way. We get air circulation, which is impossible in an ordinary house with its corners. Accordingly, such air circulation entails a third advantage - keeping heat inside. Heat loss in houses, as a rule, occurs through three elements - the roof, windows and foundation. In a spherical house, warm air does not stagnate, does not accumulate under the roof or the second floor - we get a more or less uniform temperature throughout the entire contour of the house.

And the last, also an important advantage. Our domed house has no roof. That is, there is no roof that needs to be periodically repaired and replaced. Again, we return to weather conditions: after heavy snowfalls, rains, storms, roofs usually leak. Our roof is a single monolith, so there is no problem of its repair and maintenance.

- It's clear with the roof. What does the foundation of the house look like?

It is too new technology, but already named Russian market- warm Swedish stove. In fact, this plate is insulated from the side of the soil. It does not go deep, which fundamentally distinguishes it from all known tapes. In my opinion, this is an ideal foundation not only for our middle lane. Because everything that we deepen into the ground, according to physical laws, asks to go out, stretches up. When we build a shallow foundation, it will warp it, then it will crack, then the pillars will be pulled out, and so on. This is the work of nature, which pushes out at the moment of temperature transition from zero and below everything that has been deepened into it.

- A domed house, judging by its qualities, requires less heating costs than a conventional one.

Yes this is true. Today, as before, many towns or villages are not connected to gas - it is either expensive or impossible to supply gas at all. Our LotusDom can be heated by alternative sources. Moreover, the alternative to gas in this case is electricity. Simply because electricity costs will be minimal or low compared to gas. Why is it customary for us to turn off country houses for the winter, to drain the system? Because no one wants to heat the house with electricity - it's expensive. Our houses consume so little electricity that we open the way for those who want to build on their plot, without gas, a house for full-fledged living all year round. As well as summer residents who come in the summer and can leave their house with heating in the winter.

The first type is a warm floor, when electric warm floors are laid along the contour of the first floor, which heat the nearest area. As I said, due to the unique movement of air in the sphere in a circle - warm air rises up, returns and convection is obtained - from bottom to top. The second, well-known option is electric radiators under each window. Preferably under each, because a cold front always appears from the window, which the radiators cut off. Personally, I recommend radiators because they create a more comfortable atmosphere.

- By the way, are the windows in such a house also special?

Just not, the windows are ordinary. But we always recommend that customers pay attention to the windows they choose. Cold enters the house, or heat leaves the house - windows are just one of the sources of this loss. Therefore, the windows must be treated carefully and put those that correspond to the climate.

Dome houses typical or individual?

This is, first of all, individual projects. The domes have an inner diameter of 9, 7 and 4 meters, which gives us an area in a 9-meter dome - 126.6 square meters, in a 7-meter dome - 84 square meters. meters and in a 4-meter - 12.6 square meters. m. I mean the useful area, the one in which they live. So, we can make domes of different diameters, connect them to each other. Which makes it possible for autonomy: for example, there is a main house with an area of ​​126.6 square meters. meters, we attach a 4-meter dome to it, which can serve as a bedroom or office. All connections take place on the ground floor, each dome carries its own semantic load. It can be a sauna, and an entrance group, and a gazebo, and a boiler room. You can also attach a 7-meter dome.

We recently made a project for a person who often travels outside of Moscow and wants to settle in the Vladimir region. He has designed a gym, a cinema, a swimming pool, and a sauna complex. This is big interesting project for a person who is trying to realize all his dreams in his house.

There are, of course, standard projects- they can be viewed on our website.

Swimming pool and gym in the house, not everyone can afford. Is the construction of such a house affordable for a person with an average income?

It's a good question because it's relevant to talk about what makes us different from other developers. It is very important for us to rent houses on a turnkey basis. And it looks different for builders. In our case, "turnkey" is a house completely ready for living, in which the customer only needs to bring his furniture and start living. Pay attention to how often developers, to put it mildly, are cunning about the delivery of "turnkey" - then it turns out that the house is not intended for year-round use, or does not meet the standards of the so-called "key".

Our standard turnkey house costs an average of 35,000 rubles per square meter and 28,000 without interior decoration. In my opinion, this is the lowest price on the market. Those who have already tried to build their own house will understand me: if they take the final cost after all the finishing work, divide it into square meters, then you get the turnkey cost itself, which is probably more than 35 thousand. Those who have never built often fall for developers who deceive them. They are called an underestimated cost per square meter, and then unpleasant details are found out - that this is the price without communications, without finishing, with non-winter insulation, and so on. Our turnkey price includes everything you need for a comfortable life in the house.

- How long does it take to build a house?

Another advantage of ours is fast construction. If we talk about a house of 126.6 sq. meters on a turnkey basis: no more than one and a half months pass from the start of construction to the commissioning of the facility.

What makes it possible to build so quickly?

This is our first know-how - unique technology erection of the Lotus House. I will not go into all the construction details, I will say briefly: the formwork that we bring to the construction site has a fast pouring cycle and a fast demoulding cycle. We bring the so-called petals (this is the internal name of the formwork), fill them with our final building product - a warm wall, then the formwork takes place, the neighboring petal becomes close, we fill it again, the formwork is stripped again - and so on until a closed warm contour is obtained. After that, windows and doors are mounted, a translucent dome is installed at the top of the sphere, and we need all the remaining time for the exterior and interior decoration of the house. The final completion date depends on the size of the house and the number of spheres construction works.

- Air temperature, weather can affect the pace of construction?

Winter, of course, makes its own adjustments, and the construction time increases, but on average it is 7-10 days plus the period that we set in the summer. Today, for example, we are preparing for construction in the winter season - there are several planned facilities on the Volga, including settlements.

- You mentioned settlements - where will they be built?

The first village is a summer cottage, in the Zavidovo region; many Zelenograd residents know this area as Volzhsky. This development will be located close to the river, about 15 domed LotusDom houses will be built. We plan to build the second village in the Zhilino area, on the Lyalovsky direction. There, too, 15 cottages or houses are supposed to be united into one village.

- What is the geography of your buildings? Is it possible to order a domed house anywhere in the country or abroad?

Geography today is narrower than we would like. We have now concentrated mainly on Moscow, the Moscow Region, the Central federal district. We do not go further yet, although we have a huge number of requests from Siberia, the Urals, we are thinking of opening a branch there. There are many interesting requests from the countries of the Middle East, including the United Arab Emirates, who are interested in technology and want to build such houses. There were requests from the Czech Republic, from Sri Lanka. That is, all over the world are interested in this technology.

- Nobody else uses Grebnev's technology, or are there analogues of such houses in other countries?

In my opinion, an analogue is a comparable architecture, construction technology, heat capacity and a number of other parameters. There are no analogues, there are similar houses. They are similar not even in form, but in direction. Let's call them - round houses. There was such an American inventor Fuller, who was the first to introduce in the United States the construction of houses on the principle of a sphere or a circle. But Fuller's houses are completely different, although they can also be called spherical.

While we are talking only about private houses, is it possible to apply your technology in the construction of apartment buildings?

Each of our spheres can connect with the next one with the help of a transition. Therefore, we can build many domes, connecting them with corridors, to ensure the possibility of a comfortable life for a large family. But our technology is not designed for high-rise buildings.

- Non-residential buildings - a restaurant, a hotel - can also be spherical or domed.

There is a very big opportunity here. It seems to me that for a person who wants to attract the attention of customers, this is a very good option. People already react difficultly to ordinary advertising, plus, it is quite expensive. And if a businessman has built a swimming pool, a hotel, a spherical restaurant, this will already attract customers there, simply due to the unusual shape.

- Tell us about your employees, builders.

This season we have two construction teams. Architect Vitaly Grebnev is from Kirov, where his construction base and laboratory are located, where technologies, walls, foundations, buildings themselves are tested, various experiments are carried out on applying external and internal finishes. So, the teams with which we will work this year consist of people who live in Kirov or the Kirov region. They have been engaged in construction for far from the first year, they are reliable proven people who have vast experience in the construction of domes in the first place.

- Can there be surprises in terms of maintenance, operation of the house?

A domed house according to our technology - due to the fact that it is monolithic, due to the fact that it does not have a roof, that it has the right foundation, that its shape does not resist nature - this is a house that, in principle, does not need to be maintained and repaired. There will be no hidden troubles that we usually get in private homes. For example, in wooden ones that dry or shrink, or in others that should be warm, but in fact the material was not previously dried - and this manifests itself in huge heat losses. Our home is warm and safe.

- Probably, in such a house the acoustics are peculiar?

This is an interesting point: the movement of sound inside occurs along the dome or along the contour of the circle. Often there are effects, they can be caught in a domed house - when you stand in the center of the dome and speak in a normal voice, and people standing near the wall hear you clearly, loudly enough. The echo in square houses appears because the sound is refracted: it is reflected from the wall, then it can go into a corner and be reflected back. In round houses, this effect is absent, because the sound, hitting the wall, rises up. This is another trick, the physics of round houses.

This applies not only to sound, but also to the light that gets inside. In rectangular houses, light refracts, gets stuck in the corners and does not return to the center, according to the laws of optics. In round houses, light spreads throughout the space. Our house ends with a translucent dome, 80% of the light comes from there.

- When the house is already built, do you have to get used to its unusual shape? Still, it's an unusual building.

Surprises will be pleasant. The dome, sphere or circle is the mother form, the egg from which all living things emerge. Our planet is spherical. When people begin to live in a domed house, they have a certain sense of space, completely different from what it was before. Vitaly Nikolaevich is right when he says that the form changes space and thinking. Getting into such a building, we begin to feel differently, energy, consciousness, air movement change - everything is completely different there. At the same time, the house is filled with light all day. People are pleasantly surprised!

Spherical, domed dwellings have been known for a long time - yarangas, plagues, wigwams, etc. - built on this principle. They are distinguished by high stability and ease of construction, which earned the popularity of our ancestors. But domed houses in pure form, as a phenomenon of modern construction, appeared not so long ago - approximately in the second half of the last century. When the American scientist Fuller decomposed the dome structure into simple figures - triangles, from which the entire structure is often assembled. It is on this principle that many spherical houses are built today.

Dome houses: technologies and their features

A domed or spherical house is the name of one building technology. Actually, the name reflects the peculiarity of this type of housing construction - the house is not rectangular, but is made in the form of a hemisphere. Or rather - in the form of a polyhedron, approaching in appearance to the sphere.

This form better withstands wind and snow loads, with an equal building spot with a rectangular one, it has more usable area. But in such a house there is hardly at least one rectangular or square room. At least one side will be uneven. This complicates the layout, decoration, selection and installation of furniture. Most likely, all or most of the furnishings will have to be made “to order”, according to your own sizes and sketches.

Domed houses are being built, mainly using frame technology, so that the construction is easy. The frame is assembled from timber or metal pipes, sheathed with sheet building material(plywood, OSB). Insulation is laid between the racks of the frame (polystyrene foam, mineral wool, foam glass, ecological materials such as jute, dried algae, etc.). That is, apart from an unusual shape, there is no news, the materials are selected as for an ordinary frame house.

There are domed houses made of monolithic reinforced concrete. But this technology is used infrequently, especially in our country, where lumber is sometimes cheaper. If we also take into account the need for good thermal insulation of a concrete dome, its unpopularity becomes clear.

With the frames of domed houses, not everything is so simple. There are two technologies by which they are collected: geodesic and stratodesic dome. They have their own characteristics that can influence your choice.

geodesic dome

The dome is divided into triangles, from which the polyhedron is assembled. The peculiarity of this technology is that it converges at one point a large number of beams. To ensure their reliable fixation, connectors are used - special steel devices that allow you to securely connect the elements of the supporting structure. Each of the connectors costs from 600 to 1500 rubles ($10-25).

A geodesic dome for a spherical house is built on the basis of triangles

Despite the fact that the number of connectors is in the tens or even hundreds, their presence greatly affects the cost of construction. Those who plan to build a domed house with their own hands try to do without connectors or make them on their own too. The reasons are clear, but with insufficient strength of the connection, the building may collapse under load. So with savings on this site, you must be very, very careful.

By the way, when using wooden beams there is a connectorless technology, but the assembly of such units requires a high level of carpentry skill and precise execution. And one more thing: they are not as reliable as connections with metal connectors.

The advantage of this type of frame is its stable construction. With the destruction of 35% of the elements, the dome is not destroyed. This has been tested in seismically active regions, during hurricanes. This stability makes it easy to remove a certain number of jumpers. That is, an opening under the door, windows can be made anywhere, almost any size. The only thing to consider is that the windows will be triangular. In this design, there is no escape from this. For many, this is a critical shortcoming.

Another feature - when assembling the frame, without sheathing, it has good resistance to torsional loads, but does not perceive horizontal loads very well. Therefore, the frame is first assembled completely and only then it is sheathed.

Stratodesic dome

Dome houses of this design are assembled from sections of a trapezoidal shape. That is, its fragments are more like rectangles or squares. This structure allows the use of doors and windows of standard design. For many, this is a big plus.

The disadvantage of the statodesian dome is that it is possible to remove structural elements only after careful calculation and strengthening of adjacent structures. So the transfer of a door or window, resizing is possible only after the change in the bearing capacity of this section or even the dome as a whole is calculated.

This technology has its own assembly feature. The frame should be sheathed as the racks are installed. That is, the second row of racks is assembled only after the first is sheathed, the third row - after the second is sewn up with sheet material, etc. This is due to the fact that in the unfinished form - without sheathing - the frame has a high bearing capacity for vertical loads and is not very resistant to torsional loads. As soon as the edges are sheathed, it becomes very stable and reliable.

Unlike a geodesic dome, a stratodesic connector is not required to assemble. The vertical parts of the frame are connected using special-shaped locks. Horizontal jumpers are fastened with a plate, which is fixed with bolts, under which a metal plate is laid.

There is another nuance that affects the cost of a domed house. When cutting sheet material for a stratodesic dome, there are more scraps than with a geodesic dome. This somewhat increases the cost of materials. But they are offset by the fact that windows and doors are used in a standard design, they are cheaper than triangular ones. As a result, the cost of the dome different technologies little different.

Advantages and disadvantages

No one will argue with the fact that domed houses look unusual. If you want to have a house or cottage "not like everyone else" and have nothing against frame housing construction, take a closer look at this technology. The solution is really non-standard. Plus, they say it's economical. The cost per square meter starts from $200. But as you know, this is the minimum price. Such an economical option.

Advantages of domed houses

In addition to the unusual appearance, the advantages of spherical houses are as follows:

By the combination of characteristics, domed houses look very attractive. In addition, many say that the construction takes a lot less funds- due to the smaller surface of the walls, there is a saving of material. According to mathematical calculations, the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe walls is almost a third less. But the savings, if any, are not so big - the construction is specific, using specific components that increase the cost of construction. In fact, the cost per square meter is about the same as with the usual form.

Minuses

There are also disadvantages and they are also quite serious. In any case, it is worth knowing about them and taking into account.

There is also an unusual layout, but it cannot be clearly attributed to the shortcomings. I like domed houses precisely for their originality. So the non-standard shape of the premises is, rather, a feature that must be taken into account when selecting / ordering furniture and choosing finishing materials.

Projects and planning features

It is far from easy to plan a round building in such a way that it is rational, beautiful, and even convenient. There are several basic techniques that most adhere to. The first thing that catches your eye is that there simply cannot be corridors in such a house. They just have nowhere to go. This is not bad, but the layout of the house becomes more difficult from this. Let's start with a simple one - how to arrange the entrance to the house.

Entry group

For our climate, it is desirable that the front doors open into a small room, and not into a large room. Saves in this case a small vestibule. About can be allocated from the total area or attached. Approximately the same tasks are performed by a covered veranda. This is a more "civilized" way to solve the problem.

Not everyone likes this approach. Today, there are other trends in the world - from the front door they get into a large spacious hall / living room. Such a layout is also possible, but additional measures are needed to cut off cold air - a thermal curtain near the entrance. It is made using convectors built into the floor or by installing several powerful radiators near the door. The first method is more efficient, the second is easier to implement. All these nuances are typical for domed houses. The only difference is that you have to rack your brains on how to fit the built-in vestibule. The other two methods are easier to solve.

Let's look at the input group device options with examples. In the picture above, the right project, the entrance doors lead to the living / dining room. This decision is typical for Europe and America. We are gradually gaining popularity, but due to the more severe climate, it often brings inconvenience - every opening of doors in winter period brings a significant portion of cold air, which reduces comfort.

The option on the left is with an attached vestibule. There are two exits from the vestibule - one to the winter garden, the other to the kitchen/dining room. The solution is no less modern, but the problem of cold air entering the living quarters has been solved. So this idea is worth adopting.

If it is decided to make the vestibule built-in, obviously, you will have to allocate some area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe house. The minimum is three squares (on the left project). It is logical if the living / dining room will be located further.

Another way is to allocate a large area and use it as a hallway. Place a wardrobe here, a hanger for things “for now” (draft law). If the area allows, you can install a small sofa. For a frequent home, the presence of an entrance hall is practically a necessity. Dirt and sand are less dragged into the house. And this is another argument in favor of a dedicated input group. Attached or fenced off - it's your choice. But the entrance area is convenient. At least in our realities.

Space organization

Most often, the central part of the space of the domed house is allocated for common use. From this central area you can get to all the other rooms, which are located in a circle. In general, the central room turns out to be uncomfortable, since it is “very passable”.

It will not be possible to relax in it if it is a living room, it is not very convenient to cook in it, if the idea comes to use this room as a kitchen, as a dining room it is also not the best option. Projects that use this space in this way are presented above. It looks great in the picture, but in real life you can’t count on a chamber atmosphere here. So the passage rooms are not the most inhabited.

Not the worst way to use this passage area is to install a ladder. After all, most of the domed houses have two floors, and the screw one just asks here. Just keep in mind that if you just twist it around the pole, it will be inconvenient to use - too sharp turns are obtained. If you design a staircase like a "well", it is difficult to build it yourself. So this part will have to be delegated to someone.

Otherwise, domed houses are planned in the same way as ordinary ones. The main rule to remember is that in order for engineering systems to be not very expensive, all “wet” premises are located close to each other. The location of bedrooms, offices and other "dry" rooms - to your taste.

Related videos

No matter how detailed the technology is described, its pros and cons, it is so difficult to get an accurate idea. We receive a significant part of information and impressions visually. Pictures and photos help only partially to give a general idea. It is much better to see everything with your own eyes in the video reviews.