The original project for individual housing construction and a cottage. Round house is a ball. An original project for individual housing construction and a cottage Do-it-yourself ball-shaped house

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As you know, the shape of a ball compares favorably with other shapes in that it has the best (minimum) ratio of surface area to internal volume. This circumstance periodically awakens the interest of individual developers in the construction of buildings, houses and cottages in the form of a ball. In fact, the consumption of building material will be much less than for a "rectangular" house. This will make construction cheaper. Accordingly, the heat loss of such a house is significantly reduced, which is also important in the face of exponentially rising energy prices. Modern materials and technologies make it easy to implement such projects, both by the method of frame construction, and by casting monolithic walls from concrete using double-sided formwork or one-sided and spraying concrete on it. But will it be comfortable to live in such a house?

Actually the house - the ball is a concrete ball, with a diameter of about 9 meters. According to the inventor, the actual spraying of concrete using a unique special installation took only one day. And the consumption of concrete (mortar) with a ratio of cement and sand of 1: 3 was 8 cubic meters. The thickness of the concrete screed is 5-7 cm. Again, according to the inventor, the strength of the sprayed concrete is approximately 500 units (50 MP). How long the installation of the reinforcement took is unknown. And an inflatable ball served as an internal formwork, which occupied the entire internal space. Concrete, of course, was not sprayed in the places of the proposed windows. After the concrete had set, the ball was deflated and taken out.

The internal space of the house - the ball is divided by horizontal and vertical planes and divides the ball into spherical segments. The level between the first and second floors falls exactly on the equator of the ball. The ball is somewhat truncated from below (to form a flat floor of the first floor with an area of ​​approximately 40 sq.m), and the height of the flow on the first floor is approximately 2.5 meters. The ceiling height of the second floor is over 4 meters. Yes, actually there is no ceiling - just the walls converge at the zenith.

Thus, the walls of the first floor have a negative angle of inclination, and diverge. The area of ​​the ceiling (floor) is larger than the area of ​​the floor. And the walls of the second floor, on the contrary, converge, as in the attic floor. Not in a straight line, but in an arc. Which is much better. The fact is that at a height of up to 2 meters (and this is the height of a person), convergence is practically not felt and the entire plane of the wall is accessible. And already above the height of a person, the convergence does not affect anything. Rather, it even creates a feeling of more space than it really is. On the first floor, the divergence of the walls is also not “annoying”, since the living space is shifted to the equator. The underground space is planned to be used, obviously, as a cellar or an ordinary underground. The structure of the foundation is unknown to me.

Thus, for 8 cubic meters of mortar, approximately 200 meters of reinforcing mesh and 2-3 hundred meters of thicker reinforcement (12-16 mm), the cottage builder received approximately 100 square meters. meters (40 + 60) total area. The area of ​​"cooling" of the house will be about 200 sq.m. (Area of ​​the ball = 12.5 x R * 2) minus the lower truncated part. For comparison, the cooling area of ​​such a house is a parallelepiped (50 sq. meters per floor, building area 7x8 m), i.e. the same area will be 230-250 meters. Such a reduction in area will allow you to save a little on insulation and heating.

It also does not require a roof and roof device. And this is also a significant savings. After all, a ball is a shape that works great for compression.

But on this, the positive aspects of this project, in my opinion and end. Let's start with the organization of the internal space.

All rooms are, in general, spherical segments. The only flat wall is the internal bulkhead. And all furniture designed to "lean" against the wall can only be located against this wall. Of course, you can put the cabinet against a sloping wall, but this is not a good idea ... Internal doors are also located in this wall. But this "evil is not of such a big hand."

The ball works well in compression, and very poorly in tension. Therefore, the floors between floors cannot rest on the walls of the ball. Especially since they are so thin. If in a rectangular house the beams rest on the main walls of the cottage, then instead of the walls there is an “eggshell” of 5 cm. And the vertical partitions of at least the first floor should be capital, bearing. Those. it was not possible to get away from the powerful walls, although their volume and weight decreased significantly (only 2 walls instead of 4-5). And on them the floor beams of the second floor are already being laid. There is no attic floor, rafters, etc. in principle.

The next problem is windows. There are no vertical windows in the house. They can be placed vertically only at the equator, and there are ceilings between floors. Therefore, the windows of the first floor are tilted outward, and the second - inward. How to use them in conditions of gravity, I have little idea. The window sash tends to either swing open all the time to the full, or vice versa, slam shut. And it will be very problematic to manage a heavy double-glazed window. Unless some kind of shock absorbers, counterweights and closers are adapted.

A radical way to solve the problem would be to install skylights. They practically do not care at what angle to be installed. But the builder preferred standard windows with hinged sashes.

The situation is even worse with the front door. Either it will have to be made in the form of a curvilinear element in the shape of the ball itself, or some kind of hatch, or still build some kind of traditional porch and put a normal door. Which is what has been done. A standard house - a parallelepiped - is attached to the side of the ball. And the front door, as well as the interfloor staircase, are taken out into it. There is also a heating system. Obviously, the builder of the cottage, faced with these problems, decided to eliminate them radically, leaving the house the role of the original extension.

Now let's move on to the insulation of the house. Now the house is, in general, just an "egg" of concrete 5 cm thick. It is durable, but very cold. According to the canons of construction, constantly heated houses must be insulated from the outside. And all facade heaters (both mineral plate and polystyrene foam) are produced in the form of flat plates. Therefore, the insulation will have to be cut into small tiles and glued to the outer side of the ball. With further sealing or foaming of the wedge-shaped cracks between the tiles. And you can’t cover the ball with siding, and you can’t overlay it with brick ... Only plaster remains. This is where the concrete spraying machine can come in handy a second time - in order to apply plaster on an insulated house in one day. Moreover, you will have to use a very moisture-resistant plaster, since there is no roof. And there is no system of drains and downspouts. And the rains will whip over the entire surface of the house and flow down it. And here only expensive glue for pools is suitable.

The project, in my opinion, is very, very crude and controversial. And its author and implementer agree with this. In particular, it would be better to build the first floor in the form of a cylinder. This would give vertical walls, the ability to arrange normal ceilings, normal windows and doors. It would allow to "play" the height of the ceilings at the levels. And prolonging the thought further, you can also abandon the cylinder, and make the walls in the form of a 6 or 8 square. Then it will be possible to use "linear" Construction Materials, abandoning curvilinear formwork. And such a house can already be made frame, which will further reduce the cost of construction. True, from afar, it will look like a silo tower, a pumping station, or an observatory. Or maybe the castle tower.

But what's done is done...

Konstantin Timoshenko



Only desperate originals can build a house in the form of a ball. And build, no matter what. Why a ball? There are no corners in nature. In nature, everything smooths out. Our planet - our common home is also a ball. People imitate nature.

Our common house in the shape of a ball

Earth - our common home, also has the shape of a ball. A drop of water has an oval shape. The pointed mountains eventually turn into gently sloping, rounded hills. In nature, everything strives for smoothing, alignment.

So why are most of them angular and not round? This is due to several reasons:

  1. Our traditions and habits
  2. Difficult to apply rectangular doors and windows
  3. No straight and vertical walls, except internal
  4. Absence necessary materials and technology

Our traditions define both our way of life and the look of our traditional home. We are used to living in square and rectangular houses and apartments. We are used to seeing vertical and straight walls.

Furniture is placed along the walls. Where to put it in a round house? Beds are placed against the wall. How to hang a shelf on a round wall?

What are houses made of? From oblong and straight materials. We are so used to it. Therefore, the houses look rectangular. Recently, monolithic housing construction technologies have appeared. It would seem that you can build a round house.

But after all, the forms into which concrete is poured are also straight! You can also make an oval shape, but it's more difficult. And yes, this is unusual. And how to insulate these oval walls? We don't have a round heater yet. In addition, it must also resist moisture. After all, it will have to be insulated from the outside.

So is the game worth the candle? Are the advantages of a round ball house so great? Big or not, everyone decides for himself. But, of course, they are:

  1. No need to build a roof
  2. House is fully utilized
  3. Less material consumption
  4. Less heat loss

The house in the form of a ball does not have a roof, as such. But this is a significant item of expenditure in construction. The walls flow smoothly into the ceiling. Actually, there is neither one nor the other here. Is not it?

There is no attic or basement in the round house. Therefore, the entire volume of the house is used more rationally.

For the same reasons, the consumption of materials is much less. The truth is more waste. After all, the materials for construction are oblong, not round.

Heat losses are less than those of a traditionally built house because the surface of the walls of the sphere is smaller than the surface of the walls of an ordinary dwelling with the same internal volume.

The house is spherical

Despite the difficulties in construction, round houses are being built even on an industrial scale. For example, in the Netherlands they built a whole block of round houses. Each such house-ball is a separate dwelling for one or two people.

Ancillary facilities such as a bathroom or shower, an entrance hall are arranged on the ground floor. On the second floor there is a living room. The windows in these houses resemble airplane windows. The walls of the ball are made of concrete.

And some eccentrics from which they just do not build houses. Use wood, plastic, concrete. And after all, original houses are obtained. Pretty pretty.

Buildings in the form of a ball

In the form of a ball, not only houses are built. Various ancillary structures sometimes have a similar shape. Like this gazebo. Very original. And transparent walls create a feeling of closeness with nature.

But this incomprehensible structure in the form of a ball, five-story high, is located in a forest near the city of Dubna. Apparently, it was built for some scientific or military purpose, but today it is abandoned and no one needs it.




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