Fishing collective farm 50 years of October. The fishing artel "50 years of October" is starting to build a new fleet. With an eye on the future

At the core successful work enterprises three main principles: own fleet, own production, stable workforce.

Davyd Fuchs, Honorary Citizen of Vaninsky, has been managing the enterprise for four decades municipal district. Exactly the same amount of artel refutes the opinion that it is impossible to develop without external investment. You can provide yourself with resources and finances with proper organization of work.

A large autonomous trawler "Tumnin", three small trawlers and a reloader "Irtysh" are fishing all year round on the continental shelf and in the exclusive economic zone. Small vessels hand over the catch to the receiving processing bases. Most of the fish is processed directly on the ship "Tumnin", the rest is sent to the village of Datta to the processing plant. In 2011, it was modernized, making production high-tech, a line was installed for cutting salmon and producing canned food from herring, salmon, saury, red caviar.

The production is provided with all the necessary infrastructure: two refrigerators for 300 and 1000 tons, quick-freezers, own energy, which makes it possible to provide electricity to the production in case of emergency situations, paved roads, warehouses, a laboratory for product quality control.

Shore production made it possible to solve the problem of employment of Datta residents, and during Putin, when there is a lot of work, even to employ residents from other settlements the edges. To a large extent, these are jobs in the fish processing workshop located in the village of Data, Vaninsky district, Khabarovsk Territory.

2015 became a year of contradictions for the artel 50 years of October. On the one hand, the gross revenue for 11 months is about 800 million rubles, in all likelihood, it will not be possible to fully master the quotas, despite the fact that fishermen continue to fish for herring and pollock to this day.

Not everything depends on people, nature is sometimes stronger. This year was not pink salmon, there were few fish, and if measured on an industrial scale, there were none. This year there was almost no saury approach. Our large and two small trawlers caught and processed less than 500 tons of saury, which is minuscule compared to previous years, which is why the cost of saury is so high - 80 rubles. But to reassure everyone, I’ll say that saury is expensive everywhere, not only here, and nothing can be done here, although, of course, there is regret, because the inhabitants of the region love this fish. We were convinced of this once again at the exhibition-fair "Fish, Seafood, Ecology - Far East-2015" in Khabarovsk, - says Davyd Fuks.

Artel 50 years of October presented a wide range of products, including smoked saury and canned food from it. Products used in great demand the buyers also liked the exhibition jury, which awarded the artel 50 years of October a medal for the consistent quality of products.

Good for artels - good for villagers

The 50 Years of October Fishing Artel is a city-forming enterprise, a major taxpayer, and a socially responsible business. Datta is a well-maintained village, which is largely provided by the means of the artel. Some time ago, all rural housing was on the balance sheet of fishermen, now they keep a shop and a bathhouse in the village.

This year, we have come to grips with heating in well-appointed houses in the village. We invested almost 14 million rubles, repaired the networks on our own, combined the heating system into a single boiler house.

Significant funds are being invested in social guarantees artel workers, village veterans, youth training as successors of fishing traditions.

All this is the result of the great efforts of the whole team and its leader - Davyd Fuchs, who competently approaches the solution of emerging problems.

With an eye on the future

The Tumnin River, where we fish for pink salmon and chum salmon, is 60% of the spawning areas of the Vaninsky and Sovetsko-Gavansky districts, - says the general director. - But in recent years, much less fish has come there. Therefore, we decided to create conditions for the reproduction of fish, to build a fish farm on the mountain river Duanque for three million eggs. This is in the future, when the fish we have grown will start coming to us. In the meantime, an experimental workshop is operating here, in which the equipment necessary for breeding salmon fry is installed. The first juveniles have already been released into the natural environment, we are waiting for their return in next year. There are plans to create a chum herd here. When the mechanism is debugged, fish reproduction will become an additional source of raw materials for the artel, then a processing workshop with refrigerators will appear here in order to process at least 200 tons of red fish per day.

Without a fleet - nowhere

There is only one thing that fishers cannot do - to solve the problem with the deteriorating fleet. This problem is industry-wide and has been raised at the level of the Government of the Russian Federation for more than a decade. The year 2015 hasn't changed anything either, fishers are literally "getting out" in order to master the quotas and keep their own vessels in working condition. They are not talking about buying new ships in the artel, very large funds are required for this.

How is it here? We fish all year round, so the repair of vessels must be carried out promptly so as not to delay it for three to four months. A long repair means losing profits. But the problem is that there is nowhere in our region, by and large, to repair sea ​​transport. Sending it to China, as advised, is expensive, and they won’t do it right there. Therefore, we repair small vessels in Nakhodka, there is only one shop left from a large plant, and we send the trawler to the plant in Sovetskaya Gavan. So we get out - podshamanim and back to the sea.

Fishermen really need serious state programs: if not the direct participation of the state in financing the construction of new fishing vessels, then at least the creation of conditions under which the fishermen will be able to recoup the new fleet without getting into debt bondage.

The forecast for the upcoming salmon fishing season was approved by the Research Institute under the Federal Agency for Fisheries. This year, the recommended catch of Pacific salmon in the Far Eastern Federal District is 492,000 tons. This is several thousand more than the most “yielding” years of 2012 (440 thousand tons) and 2016 (438 thousand tons). In the Khabarovsk Territory, 70 thousand tons are recommended for fishing.

How the main fishing enterprise in the Vaninsky district and one of the largest in the Khabarovsk Territory, the artel "50 Let Oktyabrya" in the village of Datta, lives in anticipation of the Putin season, its head Davyd Yakovlevich Fuchs told.

Today, 362 people work in the fishing artel. The company celebrated its 50th anniversary last year. But despite the fact that the year was an anniversary as a whole, it became very difficult for the enterprise. The main reason is that the Duttin fishermen have not been given permission to fish for pink salmon for 4 years. Therefore, the artel exists mainly due to the work of its fleet. All 5 ships are in working condition, are currently repaired and presented to the Register for 5 years. The total repair costs in 2017 amounted to 204 million rubles. Last year, we completed the construction of a berth for a small fleet, the cost of which amounted to 16 million rubles.

Thanks to the fleet alone, almost 23 tons of fish were caught in 2017, mainly pollock and herring.

In order to keep afloat, the artel produces smoked fish products, salads, preserves, which it tries to sell mainly through outlets Vanino region.

The collective of the fish-breeding plant worked satisfactorily. In 2017, 760,000 chum salmon eggs were laid from the Duanca River herd. All fry will be released in May this year back into the river. And in the same year, the company intends to start building a fish-breeding plant with a capacity of 30 million eggs.

And at the end of the Samum global plans. Artel entered federal program"Keel Quotas" and signed a contract for the construction of 3 vessels (commercial trawler-processors) with a length of 87 meters and a cost of 4 billion rubles per vessel. There are no such courts in Russia yet. The productivity per day of one vessel with a crew of 130 people is 480 tons of catch, 300 tons of freezing, 25 tons of fishmeal. According to the calculations of the artel's economists, with such volumes, the payback of the project should be 2 years.

What are Keel Quotas. Experts drew the attention of the head of state to the fact that due to undeveloped processing and preferential conditions for exporters, fish goes abroad. The Federal Agency for Fishery, in turn, is concerned about the high (up to 80%, according to the agency) depreciation of the fleet. Back in 2015, Vladimir Putin instructed to develop a mechanism for investment quotas, and in December 2017, the Federal Agency for Fishery collected applications from those wishing to acquire such quotas. There were 68 companies among those wishing to participate, including 28 in the Far East. The essence of the mechanism: Rosrybolovstvo withdraws 20% of the total allowable catch for the types of fish most in demand on the market and transfers it to those companies that undertake to build new vessels at Russian shipyards and fish processing enterprises on the Russian coast.

Well, in the end, D.Ya. Fuchs noted that at present the main hope of the enterprise is the mass approach of pink salmon. Science promises in the subzone of Primorye, where the artel works, the approach of pink salmon for fishing 8,557 tons.

At the end of May, the 50 Years of October Fishing Artel became a resident of the free port of Vladivostok by signing an agreement with the Far East Development Corporation. What is the purpose of such a step, said the chairman of the board of the artel, Davyd Fuks:

Salmon need a plant

The products of our artel are well known in the region and beyond, - reminds Davyd Yakovlevich. - We produce pollock and herring, saury and salmon, seaweed and caviar. We are working smoke shop and the only cannery in the region.

The trouble is that the commercial base is shrinking. The collective farm harvests salmon at the fishing grounds in the Tatar Strait. But the fish are getting smaller and smaller.

Let's take salmon, for example. Its production falls in even years: if in 2008 2682 tons were caught, in 2010 - 2b79, then in 2014 - and at all - 724. The picture of odd years is even worse: 2011 - 1.6 tons, and in 2009, 2013, 2015 - zero!

Unfortunately, there is nothing to be surprised at: poachers literally scooped up the river. In addition, forests are being cut down along the coast, spawning grounds are disappearing due to pollution. And here is the deplorable result: the complex mechanism of natural replenishment of the pink salmon herd failed. We need to expand onshore processing - the future of the artel depends on this. In order to obtain within five thousand tons of salmon raw materials, and every year, and not only during the mass approach, one cannot rely only on nature.

And we decided to build our own salmon hatchery. With this investment project the artel became a resident of the FPV. We plan to start construction in June 2018 and build production and technological premises in a year. And by March 2020, the installation of equipment should be completed.

It's hard work and expensive. Full cost plant - 200 million rubles, plus design - 20 million. And we do everything with our own money: 70 percent - the funds of the artel, another 30 - loans from members of our collective farm. We expect the first financial return in 2024, and the first profit in 2026. Yes, for ten years there will be only losses, but we have no other way out: we need to create a pile of salmon herd, so that later for many years the artel would have a stable job and a guaranteed income.

The ministry is on the defensive

Choose a place for salmon fish hatchery- is not an easy task. We turned to TINRO and Amurrybvod. They created special commissions, conducted a survey, which took almost two years. It turned out that there are very few suitable points on the coast of the Tatar Strait and suitable spawning grounds - once or twice and counted. Two separate commissions gave similar conclusions: the LRZ should be placed where the Barachny spring flows into the Bolshaya Dyuanka River.

And the debit of water, and its properties, and the quality of the wild population all fully complied with the standards and gave significant guarantees that the whale released here would return.

In April last year, according to the results of the auction, the artel received two fish-breeding plots for 25 years - just in the area that science indicated. The contract for the use of the site indicates the annual release of juvenile chum salmon - at least three million pieces, pink salmon - at least seven million, others - 1.5 and 3.5 million, respectively.

The plant needs not only water, but also land. The administration of the Vaninsky district, realizing that we are doing very the right thing, took the artel two small sections. We received a cadastral number and were ready to start construction.

But unexpectedly, the Ministry of Defense declared its rights: the lands, they say, belong to the military department, and a valuable forest grows along the banks of the Duanca.

Although there are no documents evidencing the allocation of these lands for defense needs, as confirmed by the Ministry of Defense itself, and there is nothing for ten kilometers in the district, only a bush.

The regional government has proposed moving the plant 500 meters upstream.

Meanwhile, in the original place, there are all conditions for the operation of the hatchery: the hydrological characteristics are ideal, the water drop is 17 meters, a mini-hydroelectric power station can be installed for greater savings.

Competing with the Ministry of Defense was beyond their strength. I had to make changes to the project, but it was already tied to those "military" shores, the land was studied, all the necessary analyzes were taken.

Now documents are being drawn up for other sites, in three months we should receive them.

First return

Having corrected our project, we will “transplant” it to another site. Yes, these are additional costs. But the most important thing: it's a pity for the time—so much wasted! Although it cannot be said that it was wasted. We are gaining invaluable experience.

The fact is that, when deciding to establish a fish hatchery, we built an experimental workshop in the village of Datta. The scheme of its work is the same as at a large plant: we catch chum salmon, lay eggs, raise fry, release them into the Duanka River and wait for them to return to repeat the process. It was erected in four months - a wonderful, beautiful workshop with the most modern equipment purchased in the USA. It is designed to release three million fry per year. True, we could not get so many chum salmon, we release 500 thousand juveniles each. The workshop started working four years ago, and we have already waited for the first return. And when there is a whole plant for 30 million reared fry, the collective farm will simply have a second wind.

Although, of course, there are many risks.

First, the juveniles leaving the hatchery have no value, hence the efficiency of their production cannot be calculated by comparing revenues and costs. We will be able to reimburse our expenses only in years, when the commercial return begins.

Secondly, in the first four years, the collection of caviar is unlikely to exceed 0.5-1 million pieces. With such volumes, at first, dozens, well, maybe a hundred other salmon will return. It takes eight years to fully pay off. Then we will be able to produce up to 2500 tons of chum salmon. And we will create an inextricable technological chain - from the production and release of juveniles to its commercial catch, deep processing of raw materials and the sale of fish products under the artel trademark in branded stores in the Khabarovsk Territory and in other regions of Russia.

Reference:

On February 1, 2017, the fishing artel (collective farm) named after the 50th anniversary of October celebrated its fiftieth anniversary.

The fishing artel, formed in 1967, is one of the oldest and, of course, famous enterprises the fishing industry of the region. For 40 years, Davyd Yakovlevich Fuks has been at the helm of the enterprise - the only specialist in the Khabarovsk Territory who was awarded the title of "Honored Worker of the Fish Industry of the Russian Federation", an honorary citizen of the Vaninsky municipal district.

By order of the Deputy Minister Agriculture Russian Federation - Head of the Federal Agency for Fisheries No. 19-L dated 01.25.17. FUKS DAVYD YAKOVLEVICH - Chairman of the Board of the Fishing Artel (collective farm) "named after 50 years of October" was awarded the medal "For Merit in the Development of the Russian Fisheries" II degree.

Back in 1976, a thirty-year-old young man was elected chairman of the fishing collective farm named after the 50th anniversary of October. In the 1970s and 1990s, under his leadership, the collective farm turned into a profitable enterprise.

Today, the fishing artel named after the 50th anniversary of October is the city-forming enterprise of the village of Datta, which employs almost every second inhabitant of the village. With a population of more than a thousand people, including pensioners and children, 356 people are employed in the fishing industry of the collective farm, of which 172 are members of the cooperative. The same number of jobs appear in the summer months, when there is an intensive butchering of the caught fish.

The enterprise under the leadership of Davyd Yakovlevich is one of the few in the region's fishing industry that has managed not only to survive and survive in difficult times, but also to strengthen its positions, engage in, in addition to fishing activities, fish processing, partially renew the fleet, purchase modern equipment, refrigerators.

It has its own fleet, consisting of a large autonomous freezer trawler, three refrigerated seiner trawlers and a reloader, which allows fishing on the continental shelf and in the exclusive economic zone.

Catches are processed at the Tumnin BATM and the plant in the village of Datta. In 2011, the plant was modernized, a high-tech line was installed for cutting salmon and producing canned food from herring, salmon, saury, red caviar. The collective farm has the necessary production infrastructure: two refrigerators for 300 and 1000 tons, quick-freezers, its own energy, paved roads, warehouses, a laboratory for product quality control.

The enterprise has built a fish canning shop, the only one in the Khabarovsk Territory. In the workshop, herring, saury, pink salmon, sea kale are cut and rolled into jars. Most of the products are sold in Russian market, partially - for export to the countries of the Asia-Pacific region.

A laboratory was opened, which today employs highly qualified specialists, a refrigerator for a thousand tons, equipped with Japanese equipment, was built. In addition, a new salmon cutting line for 200 tons per day was installed.

The nearest plans of the Rybolovets Artel include the construction of a fish-breeding plant.

Based on materials: "Economics of the Far East". Regional supplement to "RG", information portal of the Far East coast