Petroleum roofing bitumen bnk 45 180. Petroleum bitumen. Roofing bitumen from the manufacturer
Bitumen (lat. bitumen - mountain tar)– a substance that is a hardened or viscous mixture of hydrocarbons and their derivatives, a kind of mix. This product is insoluble in water; complete or partial dissolution is possible with solvents such as benzene, chloroform, ethyl alcohol, acetone, turpentine and others, the density of which is from 0.95 to 1.5 g/cu. cm.
The properties of bitumen are influenced by:
- bitumen production method
- quality of raw materials
- production parameters
The production of high-grade bitumen is influenced by the component composition of the oil, the sequence of the general technological scheme production.
Stamps
There are differences in the areas of application of roofing bitumen:
- BNK-40/180– roofing bitumen used for impregnation;
- BNK-45/190– roofing bitumen, used for impregnation and formation of a covering layer;
- BNK-90/30– roofing bitumen, used only for the covering layer.
The production of high-grade construction bitumen is influenced by the components included in the oil and the sequence of the production process.
Technical requirements
To comply with standards in the production of bitumen, it is necessary to comply with standard technical requirements:
Standardization for grade BNK-40/180:
Standardization for grade BNK-45/190:
- softening temperature – 40 – 50°С.
- needle penetration depth at 25°C – 160 -220 mm.
- the discrepancy after heating the mass is 0.80%.
- flash point – 240°C.
- mass fraction of water – traces.
- mass fraction of paraffin – 5.0%
Rationing for the BNK-90/30 brand:
- softening temperature – 70 – 95°C.
- needle penetration depth at 25°C – 25 – 35 mm.
- brittleness temperature – -10°С.
- solubility in organic solvents – 99.5%.
- the discrepancy after heating the mass is 0.50%.
- flash point – 240°C.
Test methods
The generally accepted testing methods for petroleum roofing bitumen include the following physical and chemical indicators:
- penetration;
- softening;
- fragility;
- discrepancy after heating the mass;
- penetration from the original;
- flash point;
- paraffin content.
Sampling from each batch of bitumen in the amount of 0.5 kilograms is carried out.
Acceptance rules
After the whole party Roofing petroleum bitumen will be prepared for shipment, and a quality certificate will be issued for it. Only one quality certificate is issued for each batch. A batch can be recognized as a different amount of bitumen, homogeneous in quality indicators.
Getting unsatisfactory results tests on one or more indicators leads to repeated tests, but the sample volume must be doubled. The conclusion of repeated test results is valid for the entire batch.
The manufacturer checks for the presence of water ( mass fraction) at least once every six months. Once every three months, the solubility and proportion of paraffin (mass) are determined.
Packaging, labeling, transportation and storage
The main packaging methods are used, such as clovertainers, euro-barrels (metal), big bags and kraft bags. Bitumen trucks are used to transport bitumen ready for use.
- Clovertainer is shaped like a cube. The tray and lid are made of plywood, the walls are made of cardboard. Unpacking takes a couple of minutes using a grinder.
- metal euro barrel It is easy to use because the lid has a metal clamp. There is no need for unpacking, just open the barrel, heat the bitumen, pour the required amount and close it again. Quality preservation is ensured by a lid with a clamp.
- big bag– the packaging is a universal polypropylene bag that can take the shape of the container that is designed for unloading by loading mechanisms.
- kraft bags– the most impractical container, both during transportation and when opening the package.
- bitumen tanker– tanker with double walls and heated walls. Due to heating, bitumen does not require prolonged heating at sites under construction.
To determine whether, what type of material, its characteristics, characteristic features storage and transportation, volume or weight, batch number and certification (if available), there is marking and information that is applied to each product unit.
For petroleum roofing bitumen – this is BNK, numbers 40/180; 45/190; 90/30 in the numerator is the temperature at which bitumen becomes soft, and in the denominator is the expected temperature of the solid state.
Ensuring the safety of bitumen oil in containers is produced using racks or pallets. When stored in stacks in closed warehouses, under sheds or on planned industrial sites with concrete or asphalt surfaces, which ensures their protection from exposure sun rays and precipitation.
In cases of bitumen transportation in a solid state, transportation is carried out in specially equipped collapsible forms. Transportation of hydrocarbon products requires provision of all necessary requirements fire safety due to spontaneous combustion. Compliance with basic safety rules eliminates the possibility of emergency and emergency situations.
Manufacturer's warranty
The plant indicates in the product passport for the manufactured petroleum roofing bitumen, in accordance with GOST, the material being produced, the shelf life and use of no more than one year from the date of production. You can buy construction bitumen for a price of 50 rubles per 1 kg.
Security requirements
ZHK Ecotek produces and supplies chemical products from warehouses in Moscow and St. Petersburg. Available flocculants, ion exchange resins, inhibitors, oxides, acrylamide polymers, glycols, rubbers, polyesters.
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Price: from 16 rub/kg
Purpose
It is used for construction, road construction and roofing work.
Delivery:
- Pickup
- Our logistics service
- Transport company
(across Russia and the CIS)
- By bank transfer
- To our company card
- Cash
The material is capable of combining mineral grains of fillers into a monolith. It should be noted its excellent adhesion.
The viscosity of NBR 40/180 or 45/190 depends on the group composition and temperature. It indicates the resistance of the internal layers of bitumen when moving relative to each other.
Bitumen grades
Depending on the main characteristics, plasticity, viscosity, softening temperature, petroleum bitumen is divided into grades:
- for road construction. According to GOST, there are 5 grades of petroleum road bitumen - from 200/300 to 40/60, where the digital designation indicates the permissible limits of penetration change for this composition at + 25°C. This also includes four types of BN from 200/300 to 60/90;
- for construction work. According to GOST, there are three brands, they are designated BN and are 50/50, 70/30, 90/10. The upper value of the fraction indicates the softening point, and the denominator indicates the penetration rate at + 25°C;
- for roofing work. In accordance with GOST, there are the following grades of bitumen: BNK 40/180 or 45/190, as well as 90/30. The numerator indicates average melting temperature, and the denominator is the penetration parameter at + 25°C.
In addition to viscoplastic and solid bitumen compositions, there are liquid ones. They have a slight viscosity at room temperature and are used cold or slightly warmed up.
Supplies of petroleum bitumen (BNK 40/180) and other viscoplastic, solid and liquid oil refining products are carried out to all regions of Russia.
Petroleum bitumen is a solid, viscoplastic or liquid product of oil refining. The chemical composition of bitumens suggests that they are complex mixtures of high molecular weight hydrocarbons and their non-metallic derivatives, such as nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, completely soluble in carbon disulfide.
Where is natural bitumen mined?
The procedure for obtaining and complex transformation of natural bitumen is carried out in the following order:
- bitumen-containing rock fishing
- separation of organic and mineral parts from bitumen-containing rock
- transportation of bitumen
- stages of bitumen processing.
Based on the location conditions and physical characteristics raw materials, the process of developing natural bitumen deposits is carried out using the following methods:
- quarry and mine cleaning method involves extracting rock to the surface with further extraction of bitumen using a solvent or hot water with the addition of emulsifying components
- The mine drainage method involves the extraction of natural bitumen in a mine by gravity through a system of ascending drainage wells drilled from mine workings
- The well in-situ method is characterized by the extraction of natural bitumen using thermal or other action on bitumen-saturated rocks through wells drilled from the surface.
Mining (quarry and mine) methods are suitable for developing deposits with a bitumen saturation of the host rocks of more than 10% and a depth of 60 - 90 meters. The share of bitumen production in this case is about 85 - 90%. This is how bitumen is extracted at Yaregskoye oil field in the Komi Republic.
Downhole methods are suitable for developing deposits of liquid natural bitumen, for example, bituminous oil. The depth of such deposits exceeds 100 meters. This method allows achieving an oil recovery factor of only 30%.
Various natural bitumens are not yet a commercial product, like oil or gas. To obtain a commercial product you need to carry out additional technological processes.
Petroleum bitumens can be obtained at a refinery from various types oils that have different chemical composition. At the refinery, oil is distilled to separate fractions:
- light products - gasoline, naphtha, kerosene
- lubricating oils
- other types of petroleum products.
Residual products after the selection of lighter weight fractions - tar, cracking - are then used as raw materials for the production of petroleum bitumen of certain parameters. Today there are the following methods for producing petroleum bitumen:
- atmospheric-vacuum distillation of oil to produce residual bitumen, which has low viscosity and is most often subject to oxidation
- oxidation of oil residues to produce oxidized bitumen. Such products have a higher viscosity
- mixing of residues formed during the distillation of oil to produce compounded bitumen. They are produced by mixing deasphalting bitumen (the end product of treating tar with liquid propane) with oil distillates.
Petroleum construction bitumens
Construction bitumen is:
- for general construction works. There are three grades of petroleum bitumen in this category: BN-50/50; BN-70/30 and BN-90/10, where the numerator is the softening temperature coefficient, and the denominator is the average range of changes in penetration
- for roofing work, grades BNK45/180; BNK-90/40 and 90/30, as well as BNK-45/190
- BNI - oil insulating - brands BNI-IV-3, BNI-IV and BNI-V. Such bitumens are used in the process of insulating underground pipelines to protect them from corrosion.
In addition to the brands listed, there is also liquid road bitumen. It has a low viscosity and is used in road construction as part of asphalt concrete if it needs to be laid at low air temperatures. Liquid bitumen is produced by mixing viscous BND bitumen with distillate fractions-liquefiers, which slowly evaporate after laying the road surface. However, due to the high fire hazard and colossal harm to nature, it is used quite rarely.
Properties of bitumen
The main properties of bitumen include:
- viscosity
- plastic
- softening and brittleness temperature
- adhesion.
The most important characteristic of the structural and mechanical properties of bitumen is viscosity, which depends on temperature and group composition. Viscosity characterizes the resistance of the internal layers of bitumen to movement relative to each other. Many bitumens have variable viscosity that decreases with increasing shear stress or strain rate gradient. As the temperature increases, the viscosity decreases, and when it decreases, on the contrary, it instantly increases. In sub-zero conditions, bitumen has increased fragility. To measure viscosity, a method such as needle penetration into bitumen (penetration) and depth measurement are used. The depth of penetration of the needle into the bitumen is determined using a device called a penetrometer. To do this, a load weighing 100 g is applied to the needle for 5 s at a temperature of 25°C or 0°C. The penetration of solid or viscous bitumen is determined in units (degrees) equal to 0.1 mm of needle penetration into the bitumen. More viscous types of bitumen have a lower penetration rate.
Plasticity is also an important characteristic of bitumen. The plasticity index increases with increasing oil level, duration of load and increasing temperature. For example, with increasing amounts of resins and asphaltenes, ductility at constant temperature increases.
The softening temperature is determined using a “ring and ball” device (“R and Sh”). The softening temperature of bitumen, measured in degrees Celsius, is equal to the temperature of the water bath in the glass of the device while the bitumen located in a brass ring with a diameter of 16.0 mm, changing under the influence of a metal ball weighing 3.5 g and smooth heating of the liquid at a speed of 5 ° C per minute, touches the bottom shelf of the stand. The softening temperature of viscous and hard bitumen ranges from 20 to 95°C.
An interesting feature of bitumen is its high adhesion, that is, the sticking of various mineral and organic compounds to the surface.
Brands of petroleum bitumen
According to various indicators of the main properties, especially viscosity, plasticity and softening point, all petroleum bitumens are divided into grades:
- for road construction, GOST provides five grades from BND (petroleum road bitumen)-200/300 to BND-40/60. Numerical indicators reflect the limits of change in penetration coefficients at 25°C permissible for a specific brand, and four brands BN from 200/300 to BN-60/90
- for construction work, GOST provides for three grades, which are designated “BN” - petroleum bitumen: BN-50/50, BN-70/30 and BN-90/10. In this case, the numbers in the numerator of the fraction reflect the softening temperature according to “K and Sh” (ring and ball), and the denominator is the average value of the change in penetration at 25 ° C
- for roofing work, GOST provides the following grades: BNK (petroleum roofing bitumen)-45/180, BNK-90/40 and 90/30, as well as BNK-45/190. Here the numerator of the fraction reflects the average value of the softening temperature indicators according to “K and Sh”, and the denominator is the average value of the penetration indicators at 25C.
Petroleum roofing bitumen
Viscous petroleum bitumen is indispensable in providing waterproofing of buildings. Low price and 100% moisture impermeability has long made bitumen very popular in the construction of residential, domestic, industrial and other buildings.
All types of roofing bitumen are characterized by a high self-ignition temperature, which is more than 300 degrees, and a flash point of at least 240 degrees. Roofing bitumens are used in the process of impregnation of roofing materials, and also as an independent material for roof waterproofing.
Roofing materials in which bitumen was used include:
- bitumen paper
- roofing felt
- rubemast
- glassine
- Rubitex and others.
For impregnation, the following grades of bitumen are used: BNK 45/90 and BNK 45/180. The covering material is bitumen BNK 90/30 or BNK 90/40.
It is worth noting that all bitumens are hydrophobic; they do not allow moisture to pass through and are not wetted by water. There are no pores in the structure of bitumen, so they are waterproof. Roofing bitumen is also resistant to aqueous solutions of aggressive substances, for example, salts, most alkalis or acids. However, organic solvents (benzene, acetone, turpentine, gasoline) have a negative effect on bitumen.
Roofing bitumens are frost-resistant, which is why they are so in demand in construction work. If you add special substances to bitumen, you get a material that does not require heating to be applied to the surface. This material is called bitumen mastic. You need to work with it in the same way as with coating waterproofing.
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Name of indicators |
Test method |
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Needle penetration depth, °C, not less than: |
according to GOST 11501 |
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Softening temperature according to KiSh, °C, not lower |
according to GOST 11506 |
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Extensibility, at 0 °C cm, not lower: |
according to GOST 11505 |
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Brittleness temperature, °C, not higher |
according to GOST 11507 with additional according to clause 3.2 |
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Flash point, °C, not lower |
according to GOST 4333 |
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Change in softening temperature after heating, °C, no more |
according to GOST 18180, 11506, additional. according to clause 3.3 |
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Penetration index |
from -1.0 to +1.0 |
-1.5 to + 1.0 |
according to adj. to GOST 22245-90 |
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Mass fraction of water-soluble compounds, %, no more |
0,20 | 0,20 | 0,30 | 0,30 | 0,30 |
according to GOST 11510 |
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Like anyone else building material, bitumen waterproofing has its own marking system ( symbols), which makes it possible to significantly simplify the selection and classification finished products. Thanks to the set established cuts and generally accepted abbreviations, the name of the material can be as brief as possible, but, at the same time, contain the bulk of the necessary information.
To mark bitumen waterproofing materials, letters (Cyrillic, rarely Latin) and numbers (Arabic and Roman) are used. But, unfortunately, in the variety of designations, as a rule, only experienced people who are professionally or often involved in construction can easily navigate. To simplify the task for those who choose waterproofing bitumen materials less often or are doing it for the first time, we have prepared the following information below.
Marking of hot mastics
Unlike construction and road bitumen, bitumen roofing hot mastic is a more plastic (in “working” state), homogeneous mass, consisting of bitumen binder and a special filler. Its use is possible only when the material is heated to high temperatures. It is designed for roll and mastic (glass-reinforced) roofing.The marking of bitumen roofing hot mastics is varied due to possible combinations of characteristics and composition of the substance.
Roofing mastic (MBK) hot (G) can have different heat resistance indicators, measured in degrees Celsius (°C) and displayed in the name of the material, as the natural equivalent of this indicator. According to this, hot roofing mastic has 5 brands:
MBK-G-55
MBK-G-65
MBK-G-75
MBK-G-85
MBK-G-100
Thus, hot mastic brands have heat resistance for 5 hours of at least 55, 65, 75, 85 and 100 degrees Celsius, respectively.
An additional symbol in the marking of mastic may be the designation of special additives introduced into the composition of the substance, antiseptics (A) or herbicides (D).
Hot roofing mastic with heat resistance of 65 °C and the addition of an antiseptic is brand MBK-G-65A;
. hot roofing mastic with heat resistance of 55 °C with the addition of herbicides - brand MBK-G-55G.
Commonly accepted abbreviations and indices can significantly simplify the process of naming and classifying bitumen products, making the perception of names as simple, understandable and accessible as possible.
