The density of stainless steel is domestic grades and AISI standard. Density of stainless steel - domestic grades and AISI standard Stainless steel weight

Stainless steel is an alloy steel that is resistant to corrosion in aggressive environments and atmospheres. This type of steel is divided into three groups: corrosion-resistant, heat-resistant and heat-resistant. These groups are specially divided to solve certain problems.

Thus, corrosion-resistant steels are used where high corrosion resistance of materials is required, as in living conditions as well as in industrial work. Heat-resistant steels are used in situations where good corrosion resistance at high temperatures is required, such as in chemical plants. Heat-resistant steels - where high mechanical strength is required at high temperatures.

When working with stainless steel, it is extremely important to know the quality index. To help determine this parameter, such a characteristic as the specific gravity of stainless steel will help.

Table of specific gravity of stainless steel

Below is a table of values ​​\u200b\u200bthat will help you to carry out all necessary calculations when working with stainless steel, including the weight of the stainless steel.

Specific Gravity Calculations

In order to carry out all the necessary calculations, it is necessary to determine the very concept of this characteristic. So, specific gravity is the ratio of weight to volume of the desired material or substance. Calculations are carried out according to the following formula: y=p*g, where y is the specific gravity, p is the density, g is the gravitational acceleration, which in normal cases is a constant and equals 9.81 m/s*s. The result is measured in Newtons divided by a cubic meter (N / m3). To convert to the SI system, the result is multiplied by 0.102.

Density is the value of mass required material or a substance measured in kilograms that fits in a cubic meter. It is a very ambiguous value, which depends on many factors. For example, temperatures. So, the density of stainless steel is 7950 kg/m3.

At the present time, pipes are sold not by footage, but by tons. But how can you still calculate the required number of pipes with the required diameter? We will tell you about this in this article, which after reading to the end, everything will immediately become clear.

Pipe dimensions are specified in GOST

• The specific density of certain grades of steel billets;
• Product diameters;
• wall thickness;
• Running meters.

Specific Gravity: Weight Correspondence Chart

In order for you to understand everything, we give for example a table with popular brands of stainless steel products with characteristics.

Product name, type	Marking, or what it means	Weight (g/cm3)
Stainless structural cryogenic steel	12 to 18	8
Stainless steel construction, corrosion resistant and high temperature resistant	08 to 18	8
Low alloy steel structural	09 to 2	7,89
Steel structural quality carbon	10-40	7,89
Structural carbon steel	St3 sp, 3 ps	7,85
Die tool	X 12 mf	7,8
Structural spring-loaded	65 g	7,9
Die tool	5 x	7,75
Structural alloyed	30 hg	7,89

Tip: For accurate specific gravity, ask for help from experts who will quickly resolve all issues for you.

Electrowelded profile pipes GOST 11068-81

1. They supply liquids, gases, heating, for work at a construction site.
2. in the oil and gas production, for the pump chemical industries. For such according to GOST 10704 91.
3. In industries where resistance to pressure drops and high temperature conditions. Galvanized oval pipes with a wide density and a small diameter are also used.
4. In the field of geological exploration at the site of oil wells.
5. The structure of wagons, machines, in the manufacture of equipment for construction and repair. Here, products with thin walls and a length of no more than are widely used.
6. For mechanical engineering.

GOST 11068 81 is not only the above listed parameters and characteristics, in order to calculate the density of steel, and the weight of a stainless pipe, find it in books or on pages of Internet sites full list standard and non-standard products.

As for the length, they are unmeasured, but not higher than in the provided GOST table, the allowable deviation is 1.5 cm. If the customer agrees with the manufacturers, it is provided that the length of the manufactured pipe is exceeded by dimensions larger than indicated.

The end of each product is cut according to a right angle and cleaned from chips, small chamfers may be present. Upon agreement between the consumer and the customer, special chamfers are applied to the ends of the pipes, allowing several products to be welded together.

Each hot-formed pipe is manufactured in accordance with GOSTs and standards, all the requirements that are prescribed in the technical regulations are met and approved in the prescribed manner. For production purposes, it takes only those steel grades that are indicated in the table, do not use metals with chemical additives.

The outer and outer surface of a seamless hot-formed product is tested by temperature, withstands more than 350 C, and only after that it is sent for sale. If a captivity, a sunset, a crack or a torn place with defects is noticeable on the surface, it is recycled with the elimination of all damage. The diameters and wall thickness of the pipes must comply with GOST 11068 81.

How to calculate the weight of a stainless pipe 12 x 18n 10t using formulas: a linear meter of material measuring 1 meter

Having required amount data, we can quickly and easily calculate the weight of stainless steel.

It is equal to the volumetric weight of steel and density. To find out the approximate volume, multiply the area of ​​the stainless pipe by the surface equal to the diameter and wall thickness.
For example:

1. We take pipes made of steel, the wall diameter of which is 100 millimeters;
2. Their length is 10,000 millimeters;
3. Specific gravity of steel 7900
4. 7900 * 100 mm * number P 3.14 * 10,000 mm = 24.8 kg.

All pipe parameters are specified in GOST

As practical measurements show, this pipe weight calculation is not 100% accurate, as there may be adjustments on a round surface. The weight calculation formula is a bit simpler:

The weight of the outer diameter is the wall thickness * wall thickness * 25 g \u003d 1, which is the weight, or even simpler:

(diameter-thickness)*wall thickness*25g= . Tip: when calculating using different formulas, you may encounter different values, but the difference in them will be small, which can be completely neglected. It is better that the weight of stainless steel be bought with a margin that will be lost during processing or cut off.

Popular sizes of profile pipes are:

1. Side length 1.5 by 1.5 cm, wall thickness 0.01, 0.015 and 0.02 cm - weight 0.48 to 0.91 kg / mm
2. DC 2 by 1.5 cm - TS 0.015 and 0.02 cm, weight 0.9-1 kg / mm.
3. DC 2 by 2 cm - TS 0.01, 0.015 and 0.02 cm - B 0.63-1.22 kg / mm.
4. DC 2.5 by 1.5 -TS 0.01, 0.015 and 0.02 cm - B 0.6-1.22 kg / mm.
5. DC 2.5 to 2.5 -TS 0.01, 0.015 and 0.02 cm - B 0.78-1.5 gc / mm.
6. DC 3 by 2 cm - TS 0.015 and 0.02 cm - B 1.2-1.49 kg / mm.

For a broader concept of a dimensional grid, which indicates the length of each side, wall thickness, we recommend that you familiarize yourself with sites on the Internet, where there is a complete list of values.

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We hope the article was useful for you and before buying you will calculate the correct amount, which will not cause you any hassle and unplanned waste. The density of stainless steel is always needed to calculate the weight of a stainless pipe.

The density of stainless steel, as well as other metals, as well as materials and substances, is a characteristic that many do not even suspect the existence of, having long forgotten almost everything that was studied in physics classes at school. Meanwhile, anyone who needs to know the exact weight of rolled metal from high-alloy alloys cannot do without this parameter.

1

Density (P) is a physical quantity that is determined for a homogeneous material or substance by their mass (in g, kg or t) per unit volume (1 mm 3, 1 cm 3 or 1 m 3). That is, it is calculated by dividing the mass by the volume in which it is enclosed. As a result, a certain value is obtained, which for each material and substance has its own value, which varies depending on temperature. Density is also called specific gravity. Using this term, it is easier to understand the essence of this characteristic. That is, it is the mass possessed by a unit volume of a material or substance.

Specific gravity of stainless steel

And to calculate the theoretical (calculated nominal) weight of 1 running or square meter of any metal product, this physical quantity is used - the density, of course, for the corresponding metal. And in all GOSTs of the assortment, where the main characteristics of rolled products are given, after the tables that list the theoretical masses of 1 running or square meter of products of different sizes, it is necessary to indicate which density value was taken in the calculation. Why and when you need to find out, everyone who needs it knows. This parameter is used to calculate the total mass of one product or a whole batch by their total length or area. But why and when do you need to know the density of steel, in particular stainless steel?

The fact is that for all types of metal products, the theoretical mass of 1 meter, given in GOSTs and reference books, was calculated using one or another average density value. For rolled steel, the most common indication is 7850 kg / m 3 or 7.85 g / cm 3, which is the same. And the actual P of steel, depending on the alloy used for the production of the product, can vary from 7600 to 8800 kg / m 3.

If desired, it is easy to calculate what the error will be in the case (or a product of another type of rolled steel) made not from carbon or other steel with a density of 7850 kg / m 3, but from another heavier (for example, steel 12X18H10T) or light alloy. For small volumes of rolled products, and when accurate weight determination is not required, the difference will not be significant. That is, an approximate calculation of the total mass of metal products based on tabular data from GOST on the weight of its 1 meter will be justified. In addition, during shipment, as a rule, weighing is done to determine the actual weight of the products for the accuracy of mutual settlements between the supplier and the buyer.

But it is often necessary to know the exact, albeit theoretical, weight even at the stage of placing an order for the supply of rolled products, and for design and design calculations this is prerequisite. It is in such cases that the density is determined for the alloy from which the metal product is made, and then, based on these data, an adjustment is made to the weight of 1 meter taken from GOST. And only then calculate the total weight of the rolled products. How to adjust the weight of 1 meter is discussed below.

2

Why calculate the density of rolled metal? It will most likely never be needed. However, there may be circumstances where density calculation may be the only quick way to accessible way, which allows you to approximately determine which group of alloys (steel grades) belongs to the metal from which the unmarked product of interest is made. In accordance with the above definition of density, its calculation for an alloy of one rolled product or another is quite simple. You have to divide its mass by its volume. The first value is determined by weighing, and the second is calculated after measuring all the required dimensions of the product.

One way to calculate the density of steel

It is also quite simple to correct the theoretical mass of 1 meter of rolled metal taken from the GOST tables or reference books. It is necessary to divide it by the density, which is indicated in the standard used or reference guide usually before or after product size tables. As a rule, it is written there that the density of the metal is taken equal to such and such a value. Then we multiply the obtained value by the actual P of the alloy from which the product of interest is made.

Also, for adjustment, you can use the conversion factor obtained by dividing the actual density by the one used to calculate the theoretical weight of 1 meter.

It is given in a number of GOSTs and reference books for some grades of alloys. In this case, it will be enough to multiply the theoretical mass taken from the standard by this coefficient. However, it must be borne in mind that such an adjustment will be less accurate than when using the previous method, since the coefficients are approximate due to rounding to hundredths.

3

The density of steel 12X18H10T and some other most common stainless alloys is indicated in the tables below. In the last column of the tables, the approximate density coefficient is 7850 kg / m 3 (7.85 g / cm 3).

Stainless steel sheets

Table 1. Density of domestic grades of stainless steel

Grade of stainless steel	Density p, kg / m 3 (g / cm 3, kg / dm 3)	Coefficient K, equal to p/7850 (ρ /7,85)
08Х22Н6Т
08Х13
04Х18Н10
08Х18Н12Т
06HN28MDT
10X17H13M2T
08Х17Н15М3Т

table 2. The density of some grades of stainless steel according to the AISI standard

The use of stainless steel today is very common in many industries. Among them are the construction of buildings, both industrial and residential. Automotive, aircraft and shipbuilding also cannot do without the use of this metal. The price of steel sheets and pipes on sale is always indicated per kilogram.

When conducting construction works it is necessary to calculate the weight not only in order to acquire the required amount of material, but also to determine what the load on the support will be.

The specific gravity of stainless steel is the main characteristic of the metal, which allows you to make the necessary calculations. Knowing this parameter, you can use special calculators and programs to determine the mass of the material. The specific density of steel is from 7700 to 7900 kg/m3.

We calculate the mass of the pipe

• length;
• diameter;
• thickness;
• specific gravity.

Using the tables, you can choose the required ratio of the length and diameter of the pipe. And you can calculate the mass of the product by multiplying its volume by its density. Accordingly, to calculate the volume, it is required to multiply the value equal to the wall thickness by the surface area. In this case, the area is defined as the product of the number "pi", the length of the pipe and its diameter.

For example, if you want to determine how much steel pipe brand 12x18n10t, the length of which is 10m, the diameter is 10 cm, and the wall thickness is 1 mm, the calculation procedure will be as follows:

• meaning specific gravity 7900 multiplied by the diameter: 7900*0.1=790;
• multiply by the length and thickness of the wall: 790*10*0.001=7.9;
• multiply by the constant value "pi": 7.9 * 3.14 \u003d 24.81 (kg).

However, these calculations may not be very accurate. This is determined by the round surface of the pipe.

You can also use another formula, it is a more simplified version and is used to calculate the running meter of the product.

To determine the mass, you need to subtract from the value that determines the diameter of the product, the wall thickness. The field of which the obtained value is multiplied by the wall thickness and by the value of 0.025. AT general view the formula looks like this:

1 p. m. \u003d (D-T) * T * 0.025

Then a linear meter of the same pipe will weigh 2.475 kg. Although the difference in the numbers obtained is negligible, a little more material should be purchased than was calculated, taking into account the cost of cutting and processing.

sheet material

It should also be borne in mind that stainless steel includes a large group of grades of this metal. The most common brands are: 12x18H10T, 08x18H10, as well as 12x18n12T. Popular and foreign analogues, among them Aisi 321, Aisi 304 and Aisi 430. All these grades are characterized by a high degree of corrosion resistance, ease of processing, high strength.

The material can be thin sheet or thick sheet depending on the type of rolled products. Thin sheets are products having a thickness of 0.5-5 mm. For thick sheets, this number is 5-50 mm.

The most common sheet sizes are 1000x2000 mm, 1250x2500 mm, 1500x3000 mm. The weight of stainless steel sheet is somewhat easier to calculate than the mass of the pipe.

To calculate the weight of a stainless steel sheet, multiply the value of height, thickness and width. In general, the required amount of material can be calculated by multiplying the mass of one sheet by the required number of sheets.

For example, the weight of stainless steel 12x18n10t for a sheet measuring 0.5x1000x2000 mm will be about 8 kg. A sheet of the same size, but with a thickness of 1 mm, will already weigh 16 kg.

To determine the mass of sheets, you can use special theoretical tables or a calculator.

Railings and fences

Stainless steel due to its properties and attractive appearance very often used to create stair railings and railings. Often, products from this metal are used by designers and architects as decorative elements. It is necessary to know the weight of structures when transporting products in order to calculate the expected load on the base of the railing. Knowing the above formulas, the calculation process is greatly simplified.

For example, the average weight of a railing or stair railing would be approximately 5-6 kg. If it is assumed that there is a glass sheet in the design of the fences, the mass will exceed 20 kg. When planning the transportation of parts, you should consider not only how much they will weigh, but also the length of the products. In the photo you can see examples of the use of this metal.

Stainless steel sheet

Stainless steel sheet

Stainless (alloyed) sheet steel is resistant to all types of corrosion, due to which its use allows reducing the weight of metal structures, extending the service life of objects and significantly reducing the cost of their operation and maintenance.

Moreover, it should be distinguished that not all corrosion-resistant and heat-resistant steel grades are stainless. Stainless alloys include alloys containing alloying additives from 10 to 50%: chromium 12-26%, nickel 8-21%, molybdenum 1-3%, titanium 0.7-0.8% (the percentage depends on the type of stainless steel: ferritic, martensitic or austenitic). Among the most popular Russian grades of stainless steels with foreign analogues are steels of the 300 series: AISI 304 (08X18H10), AISI 316 (10X17H13M2), AISI 316T (10X17H13M2T), AISI 321 (08-12X18H10T).

Types of stainless steel sheets

Alloy steel sheet is divided into hot-rolled and cold-rolled. Both types of rental are classified according to:

• rolling accuracy (A and B);
• type of edge: edged and unedged (O, BUT);
• sheet flatness group (PO, PV, PU, ​​PN).

Hot-rolled stainless steel has a wide size range and affordable price, which explains the scale of demand in various areas: mechanical engineering, construction, production of equipment for the food, chemical, oil refining, pharmaceutical industries, etc. According to the quality of surface treatment, hot-rolled steel is produced:

• without additional heat treatment(5d);
• bright annealed / heat treated, etched (M2b, M3b, M4b, M5b).

Cold-rolled stainless steel sheets are produced with a small thickness (the maximum thickness of a cold-rolled sheet is 5 mm, when a hot-rolled sheet is ten times more - 50 mm). Through additional processing, cold-rolled steel has an improved surface quality and additional strength (as a result of reduced deformation stresses). According to the type of surface treatment, cold rolled steel is:

• cold-worked (H1);
• semi-hardened (PN1);
• etched or processed by light annealing (M2b, M3b, M4b, M5b).

Thickness of rolled sheets made of corrosion-resistant and heat-resistant steel grades

Rolled stainless steel sheet is available in thin and thick sheets.

Sheet metal made of alloyed steel grades in accordance with the technical specifications according to GOCT 5582-75. Standard range of sheet steel thicknesses:

• hot-rolled from 1.5 to 3.9 mm in increments of 0.1; 0.2; 0.3 mm;
• cold-rolled from 0.5 to 3.9 mm in increments of 0.05; 0.1; 0.2; 0.3 mm.

Plate stainless steel manufactured according to specifications according to GOCT - 7350-77. Standard range of alloy steel plate thicknesses:

• hot-rolled from 4 to 50 mm in increments of 0.5; one; 2; 3 mm;
• cold-rolled from 4 to 5 mm in increments of 0.2 and 0.3 mm.

Sizes of stainless steel sheets

The size range and permissible limit deviations for stainless steel sheets are set depending on the thickness of the sheet (plate or thin sheet steel) and the method of production (hot-rolled or cold-rolled steel).

The size range of hot-rolled stainless steel is regulated by GOCT 19903 (for thicknesses defined by GOCT 7350-77 for thick plate and GOCT 5582-75 for thin sheet steel).

Sizes of stainless steel sheets
hot-rolled plate
steel according to GOCT 19903

Sheet thickness, mm	Sheet length range at width from 600 to 2000 (in mm)
	600 650 670	700	710	750- 950	1000- 1420	1500	1600, 1700	1800	1900	2000
4,0; 4,5; 5,0; 5,5	2000	2000 6000	1420- 6000	2000 6000	2000 6000	2000 6000	2000 6000	2000 6000	-	-
6; 6,5; 7; 7,5	-	2000-7000							2000- 7000	2000- 7000
8; 8,5; 9; 9,5; 10; 10,5	Sheet length range at width from 700 to 2500 (in mm)
	700 710	750- 1000	1000 1300	1400	1420	1500	1600 2200	2300	2400	2500
	2000 8000	2000 8000	2000 8000	2000 8000	2000 8000	2000 12000	3000 12000	3000 12000	4000 12000	4000 12000
11; 11,5; 12; 12,5	Sheet length range at width from 1000 to 2500 (in mm)
	1000, 1100	1250; 1400; 1420		1500	1600, 1700, 1800		1900-2300		2400	2500
	2000- 6000	2000- 8000		2000- 12000	3000- 12000		3000- 10000		4000- 10000	4000- 9000
13 to 25.5mm	Sheet length range at width from 1000 to 2800 (in mm)
	1000	1100	1250	1400	1420	1500	1600	1700	1800	1900-2800
	2500 6500	2500 6000	2500- 6500	2500- 6500	2500- 12000	3000- 12000	3000- 11000	3200- 11000	3200- 10000	3200- 10000
26; 27; 28; 29; 30; 31; 32; 34; 36; 38; 40	Sheet length range at width from 1250 to 3600 (in mm)
	1250 1400 1420	1500 1600		1700- 2300	2400 2500	2600 2900	3000	3200	3400	3600
	2500- 12000	3000- 12000		3200- 12000	3200- 11000	3200- 10000	3000- 9500	3200- 9500	3400- 9500	3600 9500
42, 45, 48, 50	Sheet length range with width from 12500 to 3600 (in mm)
	1250 1400	1420		1500, 1600	1700- 2400	2500- 3000	3200	3400	3600	3800
	2500- 9000	3000- 9000		3000- 9000	3500- 9000	3200- 9000	3200- 9000	3400- 8500	3600- 8000	3600- 7000

Sizes of stainless steel sheets
thin sheet hot-rolled
steel according to GOST 19903

Thickness sheets, mm	Sheet length range at 600-1500 width (in mm)
	600	650	670	700	710	750	800	850	900	950	1000	1100-1500
1,5; 1,6; 1,8	1420-2000					1500 6000	1600 6000	1800- 6000	1500 6000	2000 6000	1500 6000	2000- 6000
2,00; 2,2	1420-2000					1500 6000	1600 6000	2000- 6000	1800- 6000	2000 6000	2000 6000	2000- 6000
2,5; 2,8	2000			2000 6000	1420 6000	1400-6000		2000-6000
3,0-3,9	Sheet length range at width 600-1800 (in mm)
	600, 650, 670			700			710		750, 800		800-1800
	2000			2000-6000			1420-6000		1600-6000		2000-6000

The size range of cold-rolled stainless steel, as well as hot-rolled, depends on the standard thicknesses and production method: the thickness range is regulated by GOCT 5582-75 (for thin sheets) and GOCT 7350-77 (for thick sheets), and the standard dimensions of the length and width of the sheet, depending from thickness, GOCT 19904 is established. Moreover, the range of the range of cold-rolled steel is significantly inferior to the range of hot-rolled:

• for thin-sheet rolled products, the width of the sheet is set in the range from 500 to 1800 mm, the length is from 1000 to 6000 mm;
• for thick rolled products, sheet width from 1250 to 2350 mm, length from 2000 to 4750 mm.

Weight of stainless steel sheet

The weight of a sheet of any size of stainless steel of a certain grade is calculated by the formula:

M = ρ×a×l×h, where:

• M - desired weight, kg;
• ρ - specific gravity of stainless steel, g / cm³, tabular value;
• a - sheet width in meters (m);
• l - sheet length in meters (m);
• h - sheet thickness in millimeters (mm).

For example, a hot-rolled thick sheet made of steel grade 08X18H10T (ρ = 7.90 g / cm³), 1420 mm wide, 6000 mm long and 4 mm thick will weigh:

M = ρ × a × l × h = 7.90 × 1.42 × 6 × 4 = 269.232 kg

Reference values
share for some
alloyed steel grades