Production of paving slabs at home. Opening a business - production of paving slabs

• Which equipment to choose
• Sales technology
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Sample business plan for production paving slabs on a mini-enterprise scale. Paving slabs are a popular material that is widely used in paving streets and areas. Paving slabs have a number of advantages over asphalt pavement

Sample business plan for the production of paving slabs on a mini-enterprise scale

Paving slabs are a popular material that is widely used in paving streets and areas. Paving slabs have a number of advantages over asphalt pavement:

• Longer service life (up to 30 years);
• Environmentally friendly, since only safe components are used in the production of tiles;
• Strength, the material is not damaged by changes in temperature and humidity, and can also withstand heavy loads;
• Colorful appearance and unique design.

Today there is a large selection of equipment for the production of paving slabs, from manual to automatic lines. The production itself can be organized in almost any room with an area of ​​80 m2. Two workers can easily handle the production of 1000 m2 of paving slabs per month.

Do I need permission to open this business?

To organize the production of paving slabs, it is enough to register individual entrepreneurship. As tax systems the best option is the simplified taxation system (STS), 6% of revenue or 15% of profit.

Let's calculate the main indicators economic efficiency production of paving slabs using vibration casting method.

Introductory information:

• Production area: 90m2;
• Type of property: rent (25 thousand rubles/month);
• Number of shifts: 1 shift;
• Productivity per shift: 50 m2 of tiles or 1100 m2 per month;
• Number of working days in a month: 22 days.

How much money do you need to start a paving slab business?

Capital costs for starting a paving slab production business will be 358,500 rubles.

Download business plan for the production of paving slabs

Material costs for the production of 1 m2 of paving slabs are 169.36 rubles.

The cost of paying wages will be 32,000 rubles per month.

The cost of production of 1 m2 of paving slabs is 252.8 rubles. General expenses per month is 278,036 rubles.

How much can you earn in the production of paving slabs?

Conclusion: The net profit of the paving slab production enterprise will be 137.6 thousand rubles per month. Production profitability at such indicators is 49.5%, and the payback period capital investments only 2.6 months. It is worth considering that such indicators are possible subject to 100% sales of all manufactured products, which is 1100 m2 of paving slabs per month.

We recommend download business plan for the production of paving slabs from our partners, with a quality guarantee. This is a full-fledged finished project, which you will not find in the public domain. Contents of the business plan: 1. Confidentiality 2. Summary 3. Stages of project implementation 4. Characteristics of the object 5. Marketing plan 6. Technical and economic data of the equipment 7. Financial plan 8. Risk assessment 9. Financial and economic justification of investments 10. Conclusions

Step-by-step opening plan, where to start

A significant advantage in organizing a business for the production of paving slabs is the absence of the need to obtain special licenses and mandatory certification.

In this regard, it is necessary to draw up a business plan taking into account the following factors:

• Registration of an individual entrepreneur or LLC, depending on the volume of sales and production.
• Selection of premises for production.
• Purchase and installation of necessary equipment.
• Recruitment and training of personnel.
• Setting up sales of products to the sales market, establishing supply agreements with sales representatives.

Which equipment to choose

Establishing mass production of paving slabs is possible only if you have high-quality equipment. You will need to purchase:

• Forming and unmolding vibrating tables.
• Plastic molds for creating the required tile sizes.
• Special mineral additives to the concrete composition, strengthening its structure and giving the desired parameters.
• Various dyes.

Don’t forget to organize the purchase of raw materials for production - cement, sand and crushed stone.

Which OKVED code to indicate when registering a business?

When submitting documents for registration of individual entrepreneurs, it is necessary to indicate the OKVED code 2. 23.6: production of products from concrete, cement and gypsum.

What documents are needed to open

Registration of a business will require registration of an individual entrepreneur or LLC. In the first case, the businessman must submit a notarized application for business registration indicating the OKVED code, a photocopy of the passport and ID code, as well as a receipt for payment of the state fee. If you want to additionally receive a quality certificate, then you need to contact the appropriate organization, which will conduct an analysis for compliance with GOST, identifying indicators of humidity, frost resistance, mechanical strength, etc.

Which tax system to choose

In most cases, entrepreneurs register a business by choosing a single tax on imputed income. A simplified taxation system would also be suitable.

In this material:

A business plan for the production of paving slabs with calculations will help you understand how profitable it is to start this business. When choosing a field of activity, it is necessary to give preference to the manufacture of those products for which there will be demand regardless of the economic situation in the country. This includes the production of goods used for the construction and decoration of houses and local areas. For example, it is profitable to manufacture paving slabs. The basis for the success of a future business is the correct preparation of a business plan, on the basis of which the enterprise’s activities will be conducted.

Competition in this industry is quite high, but demand is also high. It is increasing due to the development of the construction of country houses, improvement of the streets of cities and villages. This business is also considered the least expensive. Any business should begin with registration; small organizations are best registered as individual entrepreneurs. The production of paving slabs does not require obtaining large quantity permitting documents. Registration as an individual entrepreneur allows you to follow a simplified taxation scheme. The production of paving slabs does not require mandatory certification. To increase demand for own products An entrepreneur can undergo the certification procedure voluntarily. Ready samples will be tested for the level of frost resistance, moisture resistance, resistance to mechanical damage and exposure to atmospheric factors.

On initial stages attention should be paid to the private sector. Here it is enough to produce small batches of goods, while the demand for products is quite high. Garden paths are resurfaced every year. When choosing a durable and aesthetically attractive material for decorating local areas, paving slabs are preferred by most owners of private houses. When drawing up a business plan, you should decide necessary equipment. This will help you calculate the costs of starting your own business. The plan should also include the costs of purchasing raw materials that will be needed to produce any batches of goods.

The ideal option is to purchase the premises as your own. It may be small. All equipment can be placed on an area of ​​50 sq.m. About 30 sq.m. will be used for equipment. The remaining area will be used for storing finished products. The premises can also be rented. It must meet fire safety requirements and be connected to the electrical network. A drying chamber will need to be placed in the room.

Paving slab production technology

There are 2 ways to make this product. If the company will be producing large quantities of material, it is recommended to use vibrocompression technology. It is performed in several stages. They start by preparing the concrete mixture in a concrete mixer, after which the solution is fed into the matrix of a concrete block press. On next stage Vibrators and a punch are used, which compact the material and send it to a special pallet. The tray is placed in the drying chamber. At the third stage, the paving slabs are dried using the thermal-moist method, using water vapor heated to a certain temperature.

To reduce the cost of work, products can be dried without the use of special equipment. Vibration casting technology implies a slightly different procedure for performing work. First, the concrete solution is prepared. It is then poured into molds placed on a vibrating table. Molds with finished products are placed on pallets and left indoors for 2 days. After this, the molds are heated to 60°C and the finished products are removed from them. By performing work on the production of paving slabs using this technology, it is possible to obtain products of unique shapes.

Calculation of costs for opening a tile production enterprise

First of all, you need to purchase a brick making machine, the cost of which is about 1 million rubles. About 200 thousand rubles will be required to purchase a concrete mixer and 100 thousand to purchase a punch. This equipment will make it possible to produce products using the vibration pressing method. It is less expensive to purchase the equipment necessary for the production of tiles using the vibration casting method. A vibrating table costs about 150 thousand rubles, a mold for pouring concrete mixture costs from 100 rubles per piece, about 40 thousand rubles will be required to purchase a concrete mixer. To wash the molds you will need a bath that costs about 70 thousand rubles.

For a small enterprise producing paving slabs, it is enough to hire 3 employees. The storekeeper can also act as a driver. When preparing accounting reports and maintaining documentation, you can use the services of outsourcing companies.

Paving slabs are made of concrete with the addition of a plasticizer. 1 cubic meter of solution costs approximately 3,000 rubles. Up to 15 square meters of tiles can be made from it. Thus, the average cost of 1 sq.m of material will be 150 rubles. To this value you need to add about 60 rubles spent on electricity, labor and additional expenses. The finished product is sold for an average of 300 rubles.

If you take a responsible approach to quality control of your products, you can quickly gain customers. In this case, due to the use of inexpensive materials, the profitability of the project will approach 150%. Thus, even high costs the purchase of equipment will pay off within a short period of time.

Currently, the production of construction and finishing materials is considered one of the most attractive areas of activity for budding entrepreneurs.

The production of paving stones requires significant financial costs in the initial stages, but it can bring good profits in the future.

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In urban landscaping, the ubiquitous asphalt surface has been replaced by a beautiful and convenient material - concrete tiles. It is used to lay sidewalks, platforms, local areas, cottage and summer cottages. Thousands more kilometers of sidewalks and courtyards are waiting for a new practical coating. And, if city administrations mainly cooperate with large contractors, then individuals and entrepreneurs are happy to order paving stones from small enterprises . The paving slab production business, even with small volumes, quickly pays for itself and brings good profit. At the same time, it does not require large start-up investments.

Is it worth starting a paving stone production?

To answer this question, study supply and demand in the paving market in your city:

• Analyze in what volumes and at what price your future competitors sell paving slabs, and what other services they provide.
• Identify your potential clients: open cafes, private hotels and shops, repair and construction teams.
• Look for possible suppliers: if there are no granite and sand quarries nearby, you will have to order raw materials from other regions, which will significantly increase the cost of production and reduce the profitability of production.

If the study competitive market shows that its saturation is low, perhaps it is worth thinking about creating a production facility with high productivity.

It is better for an inexperienced entrepreneur not to take risks and buy more additional equipment as large orders arrive.

Business registration

The production of paving slabs as a business does not require any licenses or certificates. Enough and you can start organizing production. If you wish, you can undergo a voluntary product certification procedure, which will confirm high quality your products complying with state standards.

What tiles to produce?

The main types of paving slabs are clinker, vibropressed and vibrocast. Clinker tiles are the most expensive of all. Its production requires high quality clay and special equipment for firing. It is not practical for a small enterprise to start producing expensive tiles due to the rather narrow market for such products.

You should focus on producing tiles using vibration casting. Such tiles are most in demand due to their durability and wear resistance, variety of shapes and colors. This best choice in terms of price-quality ratio, both for customers and for the manufacturer. Vibratory casting technology is easy to use and has low cost. Vibration-pressed tiles have similar characteristics, but are considered to be more expensive to produce than vibro-cast tiles.

Along with paving slabs, you can produce curbs, facing stones, and park decor items. Do not leave the laying of your tiles in the wrong hands: usually the work on manufacturing and installing the coating is a complex process. This is convenient for the buyer, and you can calculate more accurately required quantity tiles

Workshop organization

Tile production technology requires special temperature regime, therefore it is necessary to place the equipment in a heated room. Where will it be located geographically? production workshop doesn't matter. You can rent any suitable premises with an area of ​​60 sq. m. m. Communications must be connected to the building: central water supply and three-phase electricity with a voltage of 380 V.

Separately, it is necessary to equip a drying room with a heated floor, where the air temperature will be maintained at 35 - 40 degrees. Provide storage space for finished products.

During the winter, if your production volumes increase in preparation for the peak spring/summer season, you may need additional storage.

Equipment required for the production of paving slabs:

• concrete mixer (1 – 2 pcs.);
• forming vibrating table;
• stripping table;
• plastic forms.

This is a minimum set of equipment that is sufficient for the production of figured and square paving stones, facade tiles, decorative fences and slabs with gutters.

Staff

To reach a productivity of 30 sq. m of tiles per day, it is necessary for 3 people to work in one shift. There are no special requirements for the qualifications of workers. They are required to follow the concrete mixing recipe, fill out forms and send products to the pressing tables and drying room.

During high-demand tiling seasons, hire a few people on your crew for temporary work.

Purchase of raw materials

High-quality tile covering can last up to 25 years. Paving slabs are manufactured in accordance with GOST “Concrete paving slabs” No. 17608-91. Products must meet the requirements of frost resistance, strength, water absorption and abrasion. For this purpose, the tiles are made from high-quality raw materials with precise adherence to technology.

For production of 30 sq. m of tiles you will need:

• cement – ​​0.8 t;
• sand-granite mixture – 2.5 t;
• concrete plasticizer – 2.3 kg;
• pigments.

It is better to negotiate an uninterrupted supply of sand and granite crushed stone or screenings with the quarry management directly or through an intermediary company.

Try to constantly purchase cement of the same brand, especially when completing a large order, otherwise you will encounter a problem such as color mismatch of tiles from different batches. The same goes for pigments.

Sales of products

In order to offer your tiles to potential customers, you need to make several demonstration samples. Cast samples of products in different colors and shapes so that the customer can see with his own eyes, and not in a catalogue, what his tile covering will look like.

Additional options can be presented in a colorful booklet, accompanied by information about the benefits of concrete tiles, their proper operation and your company’s service offerings.

It is better to communicate with repair and construction teams individually; for other clients, place advertisements in cottage and holiday villages, in free newspapers and Internet sites, and in specialized magazines.

Business plan for the production of paving slabs

One-time costs for launching a production line of 30 sq. m of paving slabs per day range from 200 thousand rubles. excluding the cost of renting a workshop.

Cost of production 1 sq. m of tiles averages 210 rubles. (including the cost of raw materials; wages at the rate of 45 rubles per 1 sq. m; electricity consumed for a standard working day).

Average sale price of 1 sq. m of tiles – 350-370 rubles.

Provided that all products are quickly sold, the production of paving slabs can pay for itself in 2-3 months.

Making paving slabs as a business at home is an excellent solution for running economic activity. Demand building material in combination with a competently organized production process, will allow the business manager not only to receive stable income, but also to flourish. The acquisition of high-quality raw materials and compliance with technological standards are a guarantee of success, which will allow you to quickly change the status of a small business to a large one. Additional income can be obtained by expanding the scope of activities in the field of providing tile laying services. This solution will attract customers who want to receive comprehensive services.

Organization of paving slab production business

About the product

With the growth of people's well-being it becomes topical issue about practical and aesthetic changes in the environment in the place of residence, recreation and business. The lucky owners of private houses are given the opportunity to express themselves through the arrangement of the courtyard, paths and individual areas adjacent to the buildings. Finishing is done with paving slabs. Today, this building material is considered one of the most popular, because with its help you can not only create a beautiful view in the yard, on the streets, near the entrance to the company’s office, in parks, but also to ensure trafficability in these places.

Paving slabs can be used to line any road, providing the possibility of comfortable access to to the required place, and also minimize the impact of dirt on a person’s shoes in rainy weather.

Advantages and disadvantages of business

The production of paving slabs as a business has a number of advantages and disadvantages, expressed in the nuances of production, sales and installation of products. Positive aspects entrepreneurial activity in this area lies in the growing demand for the product and related services. The main clients are representatives of middle class citizens and successful business. For such service consumers, the quality of the building material and the services provided for its installation is important. Cost criteria usually not relevant for them. This makes it possible good earnings by setting high prices, which should not be raised more than competitors engaged in similar activities.

Varieties of molds used for the manufacture of paving slabs

Registration of a business is limited to registration of a business entity. No permits are required to operate it. Also, no special skills in the construction industry are needed. Nuances production technology can be mastered in practice by trial and error, which will be excluded from the technology after the first batch of products. Production can be organized in any room in which the inhabitants of neighboring facilities will not be disturbed by noise and vibration. These factors are practically eliminated when using high-quality imported equipment.

The technological process is carried out by several workers, and the area of ​​the premises required for production should slightly exceed the size of the equipment. The business in the production of paving slabs is characterized by profitability and quick payback provided it is properly organized. Along with the many advantages of doing business, there are also negative aspects. They are expressed in fierce competition, since many people want quick and easy money, which is easy to earn in this area.

The activity is classified as seasonal. Shopping is typical only for the warm season. This leads to the absence of activity or its conduct in small volumes in winter time. Low wages due to underemployment during this period may provoke a desire among hired workers to find new job. In this case, the head of the company will have to look for a replacement for them. It is worth noting that tile production is boring and monotonous work, therefore, even with high wages, the business organizer will have to come to terms with staff turnover.

Pouring the prepared mixture into molds

Types of materials used in production

The technology for the production of paving slabs involves the production of several types of products: vibro-cast, vibro-pressed and hydro-pressed. Vibrating tiles suitable for paths that are not expected to be affected by the gravity of objects moved along it. Vibropressed and hydropressed tiles laid in places where intensive load is planned. Paving stones can be made from concrete, clay or expensive natural stones, which give the product strength.

Read also: Polymer paints for crushed stone

Room

When drawing up a business plan for the production of paving slabs from scratch, you should include in the document a section on the characteristics of the production premises used.

Its parameters must correspond to the chosen production method, the type of equipment used and the number of workers involved in the production of products. You should not consider the option of buying or renting a room whose area is less than 70 square meters, since these dimensions are comfortable for small equipment and the minimum number of hired workers involved in production. As productivity increases, you will have to worry about expanding production space. When choosing the location of the premises for the implementation of a business idea for the production of paving slabs, you should pay attention to industrial zones with convenient access and storage space for raw materials and finished products. By choosing a facility located close to the place of purchase of raw materials, you can save on its delivery.

Tiles with added dyes

The main criterion when choosing a room is its technical specifications. It must be provided with electricity, with a minimum voltage of 360 V. It is recommended to have a sewerage system, as well as a supply of tap water, hot and cold. The best option would be to have insulated floors, as well as the possibility of heating the production room and warehouse, since drying of finished products after processing in a drying chamber is carried out in a dry and warm room.

Equipment

A mandatory element of the technological operation is vibrocompression. To ensure this process, special complex equipment is required for the production of paving slabs, which includes:

• vibropress;
• concrete mixer;
• punch.

The cost of such a line exceeds $30,000. When purchasing each component element of equipment separately, its complex can be much cheaper. This is due to the choice of machine tools from manufacturers who offer their products cheaper. You can save money by making equipment to order or yourself.

Vibrating tiles

For example, you can make a vibrating table for the production of paving slabs with your own hands even without experience in working with metal. To do this, you need to have a welding machine, a grinder and a drill. The main expense in the manufacture of equipment will be the purchase of metal sheets. A well-designed diagram of the machine, as well as compliance with the instructions for its manufacture, will save money for the business organizer, since the price of the finished table is calculated in thousands of dollars.

Raw materials used

Filling the mold with a pre-prepared mixture

To make paving slabs, a concrete mixture consisting of cement, crushed stone and construction sand. To improve product characteristics, special plasticizer additives are used. The use of coloring pigments is used to impart a variety of shades to tiles used to create unique architectural forms. When choosing raw materials, you should take into account the requirements for its parameters. Crushed stone fractions should not exceed 10 millimeters in size, and the sand grain size should not exceed 5 millimeters.

The advantages of this building material include:

• durability (the average service life of asphalt pavement is 7 years, for paving slabs - about 30);
• ease of installation (no heavy construction equipment required);
• frost resistance;
• environmental friendliness (paving stones, unlike asphalt, do not emit harmful volatile products in the heat - when replacing 1 million m2, 665 tons less toxic substances will enter the atmosphere during the year);
• no puddles form on the tiles.

To start production you will not have to obtain special permits or licenses. Certification is also not required. Although, if desired, it is worth going through the certification procedure, since the presence of documents confirming the high quality of products will stimulate consumer demand. The procedure is inexpensive - about 20 thousand rubles.

The business plan should take into account a number of key issues related to legal form enterprise, choosing premises, purchasing equipment and hiring workers. The successful implementation of the project will ultimately depend on how responsibly you approach drawing up a business plan and correctly make all the calculations.

Organizational aspects

Our business plan provides that to organize production it is enough to become individual entrepreneur. The procedure is simple. You will need:

• make a photocopy of your passport;
• have it certified by a notary;
• write an application to the tax authorities;
• pay the state fee.

After 2-5 days Tax Inspectorate You will be given a TIN and OGRN (certificate of registration as an individual entrepreneur).

An example of calculations of registration costs is contained in the sample business plan we presented.

Room

This business plan assumes the presence production premises with an area of ​​at least 150-160 m2. The building must be equipped with:

• electrical network (380 V);
• running water (cold water is a must, hot water is desirable);
• heating;
• convenient access for transport.

The building should be divided approximately equally. One half will house the production itself. The second half is intended for drying and storing finished products. An indispensable condition is to maintain a year-round temperature of plus 40-45° Celsius.

Our business plan provides that monthly expenses for renting the premises will be 60-70 thousand rubles.

Equipment

Production includes work on:

• production of concrete mixture;
• pressing;
• moving finished products to a storage rack;
• packaging.

When calculating the payback period of the project, it is necessary to take into account that the finished paving stones must be stored in a warehouse for about a month to acquire final consumer properties.

The production of paving slabs can be carried out in two ways, each of which will require the purchase of a different set of equipment. The first technology - vibrocompression - requires large financial costs, but has such advantages as:

• high productivity;
• high quality products;
• minimal use of manual labor.

The second technology is vibration casting. To the benefits this method This includes the relative cheapness of the equipment and the ability to produce paving stones of various configurations and shapes. Among the main disadvantages are lower product quality and high costs associated with less economical consumption of concrete.

The cost of purchasing equipment, depending on the chosen production technology, can range from 600 thousand to 4 million rubles. Our project implementation plan for organizing production is based on the option of using vibrocompression technology, which will require the purchase of an automated line costing 1,950,000 rubles. The calculations can be found in the business plan we presented.

Staff

The production of paving slabs does not require a large number of workers. To fully operate the workshop, 5 people will be required. The foreman directly manages production and keeps records of products sold to consumers. Four workers are engaged in servicing an automated production line - loading raw materials and storing finished goods.

Monthly expenses for wages personnel - 110 thousand rubles. Examples of calculations can be found in our sample business plan.

Profitability calculation

The cost of manufacturing 1 m2 of paving slabs is about 220 rubles. The average market price is 450-500 rubles/m2 (depending on the shape, color and consumer properties, the cost of one meter can reach up to 1200 rubles/m2.

When producing products in two shifts, the workshop will be able to produce approximately 300 m2 of paving stones daily.

Let's make the necessary calculations:

500 - 220 = 280 x 300 = 8,400 rubles. - daily net profit.

8400 x 22 = 180,000 rub. - net profit for 1 month of workshop operation.

Accordingly, the initial investment will pay off within one year.

For detailed calculations, see our sample business plan.