Better a small missile ship in service than a destroyer in the project. Bad Weather Division. rocket corvettes of the ussr navy Small rocket ship gadfly

It has been repeatedly noted that in the Navy of the USSR there was an amazing dependence: the smaller the warship was, the more useful it was.
It is still not clear what the heavy aircraft-carrying cruisers of the USSR Navy were. Huge ships with a displacement of 50 thousand tons left behind only a bitter annoyance: the high complexity and high cost, the lack of coastal infrastructure for their deployment and, in general, the unclear purpose made the TAVKRs ineffective and, simply put, useless - none of the tasks originally assigned to them TAVKRs could not solve, and those tasks that were within their power were solved in much cheaper and more efficient ways.

Soviet cruisers and BODs acted much more confidently. The ships carried out military service in all corners of the oceans, were regularly in combat zones and vigilantly watched the forces of the "probable enemy". Some even managed to “touch” the enemy live: in 1988, a modest BOD of the 2nd rank (guard) “Selfless” fell on the deck of the missile cruiser USS Yorktown with a steel flurry, demolished half of its side, a crew boat and the Mk-141 installation for launching the Harpoon anti-ship missiles . American sailors had to postpone their Black Sea cruises until better times.

Today, the “Selfless” rests on the bottom, and US Navy ships are free to conduct Sea Breeze exercises in the Black Sea. The Montreux Convention prohibits the presence of warships of non-Black Sea states in the Black Sea for a period of more than 21 days, but the formality does not bother the Americans much - once every three weeks the ships go to the Sea of ​​Marmara, and after a few hours they return back. Thus, the rescue ship "Gresp" of the US Navy has been carrying out diving operations in the port of Odessa since May 2012.

If the ships of the main classes adequately represented the interests of the USSR in the vastness of the ocean, then the Soviet-built missile boats, to put it in Internet jargon, were simply burned. In the literal sense, they burned destroyers, transport ships, boats ... Any enemy was allowed to go to waste. Small boats were actively supplied to the navies of third world countries, which further increased the likelihood of their combat use.
Sometimes it seems to me that the sinking of the destroyer "Eilat" is given too much importance - in missile boats there are other great victories. For example, the daring raids on Karachi by missile boats of the Indian Navy (Soviet Project 205) in December 1970. Several Pakistani warships and three transports were sunk. In conclusion, a magnificent firework was given - P-15 rockets blew up 12 huge tanks located on the shore of an oil storage facility.
The development of electronics and rocket technology has made it possible to create an even more formidable. The evolution of missile boats in the USSR led to the creation of a completely new class of warships - a project of a small missile ship with an easy-to-remember code 1234.

Gadfly

A clot of combat matter with a total displacement of 700 tons. Full speed 35 knots. The cruising range of the economic course allows you to cross the Atlantic Ocean (4000 miles at 12 knots). Crew - 60 people.
It is no coincidence that MRK pr.1234 was called "a pistol at the temple of imperialism." The main caliber is six launchers of P-120 Malachite anti-ship missiles! The name of the complex directly indicates the estimated firing range - 120 km. The starting weight of the monstrous ammunition is 5.4 tons. The mass of the warhead is 500 kg, some of the missiles were equipped with a special warhead. The marching speed of the rocket is 0.9M.

Also, the armament complex of a small rocket ship included:
- Osa-M air defense system for self-defense of the ship (20 anti-aircraft missiles, effective firing range - 10 km, launcher reload time - 20 seconds. Weight of launcher without ammunition - 7 tons).
- twin artillery system AK-725 caliber 57 mm (later replaced by 76 mm single-barreled AK-176)
- modernized RTOs pr.1234.1 were additionally equipped with a 30-mm AK-630 assault rifle installed in the aft part of the superstructure.

Even with the naked eye, you can see how overloaded the ship is with weapons and combat systems. As for the sober assessment of RTOs pr.1234, the sailors were ambivalent about these ships: on the one hand, a volley is equal in power to several Hiroshima, on the other hand, low survivability, poor seaworthiness and very few chances to reach the distance of a missile attack. The command of the US Navy was skeptical about the "missile frigates": AUG aviation surveys 100 thousand square kilometers of space in an hour - the Russians must be great optimists in order to expect to approach unnoticed. The situation was aggravated by the standard problem in naval combat - target designation and guidance. RTOs' own radio-electronic means make it possible to detect surface targets at a distance of the radio horizon (30-40 km). Firing missiles at full range is possible with the presence of external means of target designation (for example, Tu-95RTs aircraft). And yet, the enormous power of these small ships forced even the US 6th Fleet to reckon with them. Since 1975, small missile ships have been regularly included in the 5th operational squadron of the Black Sea Fleet: numerous and ubiquitous, they created many problems for American sailors.
Despite its direct purpose - the fight against the ships of the "probable enemy" in the closed seas and the near ocean zone - RTOs pr. 1234 successfully completed the tasks of protecting the state border, provided combat training for aviation and the fleet, and were even used as anti-submarine ships, while, without having on board specialized means to combat submarines.

SAM "Osa-M"

In total, 47 small missile ships of various modifications were built under project 1234: 17 according to the basic design, 19 according to the improved pr. 1234.1, 10 RTOs in the export version of pr. rockets "Onyx" were installed).
In addition to the appearance of new weapon systems and a jamming station, one of the differences between RTOs pr.1234.1 and the basic version, invisible from the outside, was the presence of flame ovens on board - now the sailors were provided with freshly baked bread.

The dimensions of the hull of export ships pr.1234E remained the same. The power plant consisted of three diesel engines with a capacity of 8600 liters each. s, providing a full speed of 34 knots. (on the basic project there were engines with a capacity of 10 thousand hp) The crew was reduced to 49 people. Air conditioners and an additional refrigerator were installed for the first time on export modifications of RTOs to improve the living conditions of the crew.

RTOs of the Algerian Navy "Reis Ali" pr. 1234E

The strike armament has changed: instead of the Malachite anti-ship missiles, the ships received the P-15 anti-ship missiles in two twin launchers located side by side. In addition, to increase combat stability, two PK-16 launchers were added to set up passive jamming. Instead of the Titanit radar, the old Rangout radar was installed, at the same time, the impressive cap from the Titanit radar was retained for solidity.
All small missile ships were assigned "weather" names, traditional for the heroic patrol ships of the Great Patriotic War - "Breeze", "Monsoon", "Fog", etc. For this, the formations of RTOs were called the "bad weather division."

Results in dash: Ivanov → milk, Petrov → milk, Sidorov → Petrov

Many of the expired P-15 missiles ended their careers as aerial targets to provide combat training for anti-aircraft gunners. When the missile was transformed into the RM-15M target, the homing head was turned off on it, and the warhead was replaced with ballast. On April 14, 1987, the Pacific Fleet conducted combat training exercises to practice repelling a missile attack. Everything happened in all seriousness: RTOs "Musson", RTOs "Whirlwind" and MPK No. 117 formed a warrant on which missile boats fired from a distance of 21 km.
It is still not clear how this could happen. The means of self-defense failed to repel the attack, and the target missile with an inert warhead hit the superstructure of the Monsoon RTO. Some witnesses of the tragedy had the impression that the homing head of the target missile was not turned off. This was evidenced by the flight path of the rocket and its "behavior" on the final stage. From this, the conclusion was drawn: criminal negligence was committed at the base, forgetting to turn off the missile seeker. The official version says that somehow by chance, flying along a ballistic trajectory, the rocket hit the Monsoon RTO without aiming. The invisible hand of providence, the ship was destined to die on this day.

Death of the Monsoon

The components of the rocket fuel caused a volumetric explosion and an intense fire in the interior of the ship. In the first second, the commander and most of the officers were killed, as well as the first deputy commander of the Primorsky Flotilla, Admiral R. Temirkhanov. According to many experts, the reason for such a violent fire and poisonous smoke was the material from which the structures of not only the Monsoon, but also almost all modern warships are made. This is an aluminum-magnesium alloy - AMG. The killer material contributed to the rapid spread of fire. The ship was de-energized, lost intra-ship and radio communications. The fire pump stopped. Jammed almost all the hatches and doors. The fire system and irrigation systems for the bow and stern magazines of ammunition were destroyed. In order to avoid a premature explosion, the sailors managed to slightly open the lids of the cellar with anti-aircraft missiles in order to reduce internal pressure.

After checking the temperature of the bulkheads in the area of ​​the 33rd frame, behind which there was a cellar with anti-aircraft missiles, and making sure that the bulkheads were hot, the sailors realized that there was nothing to help the ship.
At night, the Monsoon RTO sank 33 miles south of about. Askold, taking the burnt bodies of 39 people to a depth of 3 kilometers.

After the death of the Sheffield URO destroyer in 1982 from an unexploded Exocet missile, Western military experts concluded that the rapid spread of fire was facilitated by a large number of various combustible materials, in particular, aluminum alloys. Since 1985, the superstructures of American ships have been insulated with silicate felt combined with fiberglass. English engineers developed an insulation called "counterflame" to protect structures from fire. However, AMG alloys are still widely used in shipbuilding.

And this could be called an accident, but apparently once was not enough. On April 19, 1990, training and combat firing was carried out in the Baltic to practice repelling a missile attack. Under similar circumstances, the target missile hit the Meteor RTO, knocking down several antennas on the ship's superstructure. Fly it a little lower - and the tragedy could happen again.

"Missile corvettes" in battle

During the incident in the Gulf of Sidra (1986), the American cruiser USS Yorktown (the same Black Sea "hero") discovered a small target 20 miles from Benghazi. It was the Libyan RTO "Ein Zakuit", crept up to the Americans in radio silence, simulating a fishing boat. Even a short-term (only two turns of the antenna) inclusion of the radar unmasked a small missile ship and thwarted the attack. The launch of two missiles "Harpoon" RTO was set on fire and sank after 15 minutes. There is still no exact description of that battle: some sources attribute the death of RTOs to the successful actions of carrier-based aircraft. The Americans also call another small missile ship destroyed by aircraft "Entrance". It is reliably known that another Ein Mara RTO was damaged in this battle - it had to undergo emergency repair with the elimination of combat damage at the Primorsky Plant in Leningrad, in 1991 it returned to the Libyan fleet under the name "Tariq ibn Ziyad ".

"Ein Zakuit"

If, on the basis of these data, dear readers have concluded that RTOs pr.1234 are weak and useless, then I suggest that you familiarize yourself with the following.

The naval battle off the coast of Abkhazia on August 10, 2008 was the first serious combat clash of the Russian Navy in the 21st century. Here is a brief chronology of those events:
On the night of August 7-8, 2008, a detachment of ships of the Black Sea Fleet went to sea from the Sevastopol Bay and headed for Sukhumi. The detachment included the large landing ship "Caesar Kunikov" with a reinforced company of marines on board, and its escort - MRC "Mirage" and a small anti-submarine ship "Muromets". Already in the campaign, they were joined by the large landing ship Saratov, which set off from Novorossiysk.
On August 10, five high-speed Georgian boats left the port of Poti to meet them. Their task is to attack and sink our ships. The attack tactics are known: fast small boats equipped with powerful anti-ship missiles suddenly strike at a large landing craft and leave. With a successful scenario, the result is "shock and awe." Hundreds of dead paratroopers, a burned-out ship and Saakashvili's victorious reports: "We prevented the intervention", "The Russians do not have a fleet, they are not capable of anything." But it turned out the opposite. Vesti managed to collect detailed information from the participants in this battle:
18 hours 39 minutes. Russian radar reconnaissance discovered several fast-moving targets on a combat course towards the formation of our ships.
18.40. Enemy boats approached a critical distance. Then from the flagship "Caesar Kunikov" a volley was fired from the MLRS A-215 "Grad". This does not stop the Georgians, they increase their speed and try to reach the so-called "dead zone" where rocket weapons are useless. The Mirage small missile ship is ordered to destroy the enemy. The distance to the target is 35 kilometers. Preparation for the strike, calculations - everything was done in just a few minutes. Naval combat is always fleeting.
18.41. The commander of the "Mirage" gives the command "Volley!". The first rocket went to the target. A few seconds later - the second. Flight time to the Georgian boat "Tbilisi" is only 1 minute 20 seconds. The distance between the opponents is about 25 kilometers.
The hit of the first rocket in the engine room of the boat "Tbilisi". A second later - another report - hitting the second in the wheelhouse. On the radar of our ship for 30 seconds there was a strong flare, which means the complete destruction of the target, accompanied by a large release of thermal energy.
18.50. The commander of the Mirage gives the command to change position. The ship at high speed leaves towards the coast, makes a U-turn and again falls on the combat course. The radar shows only 4 targets. One of them, a Georgian boat, having increased its speed, is again approaching our ship. "Mirage" opens fire from the "Osa" air defense system.
At this time, the distance was reduced to 15 kilometers. The missile hit the side of the Georgian boat, which immediately began to smoke, slowed down and tried to leave the line of fire. The rest of the Georgian ships disengage from the battle, turning sharply in reverse side. Mirage does not pursue a downed enemy, there is no order to finish off.

From the report of the commander of the Mirage MRK to the flagship: “Of the five targets, one was destroyed, one was damaged, three were out of combat. The consumption of missiles: anti-ship - two, anti-aircraft - one, there are no losses among the personnel. There is no damage to the ship."

As of 2012, the Russian Navy has 10 RTOs pr.1234.1 and 1 RTOs pr.1234.7. Given the difficult state of the domestic Navy, these modest ships are a good support - their operation does not require high costs, at the same time, they fully retained their fighting qualities, which once again confirmed the naval battle off the coast of Abkhazia.
The main thing is not to set impossible tasks for small missile ships; other means should be used to counter aircraft carrier strike groups.

RTO "Zyb" at the parade in St. Petersburg

The traditions of creating highly effective naval weapons have not been forgotten - in Russia it is planned to build a series of 10 small missile ships pr. 21631 "Buyan". The total displacement of RTOs of the new type will increase to 950 tons. The water jet provides a speed of 25 knots. The strike armament of the new ship will be enhanced by the appearance of the Universal Shipborne Firing Complex (UKKS) - 8 launch cells for launching missiles of the Caliber family. The lead RTO pr.21631 "Grad Sviyazhsk" has already been launched, in 2013 it will replenish the combat strength of the Caspian flotilla.

From its birth in 1967, Project 1234 turned out to be extremely controversial and elevating the Soviet desire for specialized ships to an absolute - it was not without reason that a separate class was created specifically for it. Previously unseen "ship hunters" immediately attracted the attention of military experts around the world, who vigorously discussed the question: what is the Soviet "toothy baby" in fact - a "pistol at the temple of capitalism" or an easy target? These controversies do not subside to this day, when the domestic fleet is at a crossroads: whether to continue the Soviet tradition or switch to the Western paradigm of multifunctional ships?

Our fleet inherited 15 small missile ships (RTOs) from the Soviet Union: 13 Project 12341 RTOs and two Project 1239 Hovercraft RTOs. and four - to the Black Sea Fleet (two ships of project 12341 and two of project 1239). As a result, today this class of ships is one of the most numerous in the fleet. It is noteworthy that every single one is in service.

However, the need for these ships is the subject of much debate and controversy. Many believe that in the modern concept of the fleet, such highly specialized ships should be replaced by multi-purpose corvettes. The combat effectiveness of RTOs in the face of powerful electronic countermeasures and the presence of ground attack aircraft in the enemy is also questioned. In addition, today the tasks of RTOs in the same way can be performed by fighter-bomber aircraft and coastal missile systems. How justified are these doubts and is the age of RTOs really over?

Advantages and disadvantages

To begin with, you should understand the advantages and disadvantages of small missile ships, applying them to modern realities.

The first and most basic advantage is powerful missile weapons. The main caliber of MRK project 1234 - six missiles P-120 "Malachite" reach a speed of M = 1 and have a maximum range of up to 150 km, the guidance system is active radar with a "safety net" IR sensor. With a powerful warhead (WB) and impressive speed, these missiles are capable of taking out quite large ships, such as a destroyer (EM) and, with several hits, even a missile cruiser (RKR).

For example, during the Krym-76 exercise, two missiles were enough to sink a decommissioned Project 30 bis destroyer with a displacement of 2,300 tons, thereby demonstrating excellent guidance accuracy. An important advantage is the relatively large ammunition load, which makes it possible to produce massive volleys.

However, the P-120 missiles also have significant shortcomings.. First of all, we can note the insufficient launch range compared to some classmates, for example, for the closest competitors - Exocet and Harpoon missiles, it is 180 and 315 km, respectively. In addition, the considerable size of the missile itself imposes significant restrictions: on the experimental RTO Nakat of project 1234.7, armed with relatively small P-800 Oniks missiles, it was possible to place twice as many launchers.

Further, the very ability to use weapons at maximum range depends on reliable target designation (TA). The capabilities of the airborne radar do not allow to give a clear control center at extreme ranges, therefore it was initially assumed that RTOs would receive more accurate information from reconnaissance aircraft Tu-95RTs and other ships.

The next indisputable advantage of the 1234 project is its excellent speed and mobility.. The relatively small displacement and powerful engine allow it to reach a top speed of 35 knots along with good agility. In combination with a relatively large navigation autonomy (10 days), this gives RTOs advantages both at the operational level - you can quickly transfer combat units to the right directions, and in battle, where good maneuverability allows, for example, to evade a torpedo or be the first to take a position for rocket launch. However, these qualities inherited from the boat turn into very mediocre seaworthiness. Nevertheless, for operations in the coastal and near-ocean zone, it is quite sufficient.

Another important factor is production. Project 1234 ships are relatively inexpensive, they can be built at almost any military shipyard capable of producing a ship with a displacement of up to a thousand tons, and the construction period under emergency circumstances and under the strain of all possibilities will be within three to four months. This combination distinguishes RTOs from all other classes, except for boats.

But along with these advantages, RTOs are not without very significant drawbacks:

- the first and most important - the almost complete defenselessness of such a ship from air attacks. Of the anti-aircraft artillery weapons, it has only one six-barreled 30-mm AK-630 installation and one 76-mm AK-176 (very conditional as an air defense weapon), and from the missile - the Osa-M air defense system, which has a firing range of no more 10 km. As experience shows, including real combat, the probability of intercepting an enemy anti-ship missile (ASM) by these means is small, not to mention the possibility of fighting directly with strike aircraft.

- The second drawback is the low survivability of RTOs: as shown by the tragic experience of the "Monsoon", who died during the exercises when hit by a P-15 rocket with an inert warhead, the ship is very fire hazardous due to the hull material - aluminum-magnesium alloy. Small sizes cause insufficient buoyancy and safety margin. As a result, many consider RTOs to be "disposable" ships - for one volley.

Application possibilities

Paradoxically, for all its narrow specialization, the Project 1234 small rocket ship is relatively versatile. In the conditions of a large-scale conflict in the ocean theater, several options for using RTOs are possible:

- due to their powerful armament, these ships are able to support overcoming the air defense of a large enemy naval formation, making a significant contribution by launching six P-120 missiles;

- using their speed and mobility, RTOs can operate as part of the "hit and run" tactics, making surprise attacks on transport convoys, landing craft and destroyers of anti-aircraft defense and anti-missile defense;

— escort and protection of own convoys.

All three of these options run into the already identified drawback: the firing range. It is difficult to assume that RTOs will be able to approach, for example, an aircraft carrier strike group at a distance of 120 km and survive: even on the approaches, it will be guaranteed to be detected and destroyed by carrier-based aircraft, unlike carriers of large anti-ship missiles of the P-500 and P-700 types, capable of opening fire for 500 km.

The second tactic also has vulnerabilities. The first of these could be the return fire of more long-range anti-ship missiles (for example, the Harpoon widely used on NATO ships). On board destroyers and escort frigates, a helicopter armed with short-range anti-ship missiles is possible (Penguin and Sea Skua missiles can be launched at a range of 28 and 25 km, respectively). As noted above, the anti-aircraft capabilities of a small missile ship are not enough to guarantee the repulsion of such an attack.

A similar situation develops when RTOs are used in defense: in modern conditions, an attack on a convoy will be carried out with a high probability with the help of strike aircraft. Only our own fighter-interceptors can effectively deal with this threat.

But the main factor limiting the use of a small missile ship in the conditions described is the need for accurate target designation, and, consequently, active interaction with other parts of the fleet, including in conditions of powerful electronic suppression. For full-fledged work, it is necessary to provide AWACS or support a larger surface ship armed with a target designator helicopter.

Another logical role for RTOs could be coastal defense. In many ways, ships of this type fit well into the requirements for a guard ship: good artillery armament, decent speed, and autonomy. However, as sailors note, for such tasks RTOs with their own missile weapons"redundant" - missile boats and small artillery ships are quite enough to protect the sea border.

All these concepts originate in the 70s of the last century, when small rocket ships were created. Today, all of the above tasks can be performed by the Air Force. Light cruise missiles Kh-31 and Kh-35 were created for strike missions, which are suspended even on light fighters. Moreover, the X-31 product is superior to the P-120 both in speed (M = 2) and in range (160 kilometers). The Kh-35 "Uranus" missile is capable of reaching the target along a combined trajectory, has a smaller size, which allows you to increase ammunition and produce more massive volleys, and also provides a smaller effective dispersion surface (ESR).

Coastal defense against a serious enemy, which will be too tough for a missile boat (RCA) and a small artillery ship (MAK), can be produced by coastal missile systems and the same aircraft. There are several factors on the side of the air force at once.:
- less vulnerability to enemy oncoming fire (recall that the range of aviation anti-ship missiles allows you not to enter the enemy air defense zone);
— high speed and mobility;
— no need to spend a long time in the threatened zone;
- Flexibility and versatility.

Many believe that modern designs of multifunctional corvettes, combining the striking power of Project 1234 with a developed air defense system, anti-aircraft defense capabilities, the presence of a helicopter, better survivability and seaworthiness, are deprived of the shortcomings of RTOs. Almost all countries that had analogues of RTOs in service went this way: Sweden, Denmark, Norway, Germany withdrew 25, 20, 15 and 20 units of missile boats from the Navy in the 90s, respectively. Instead, it is the corvettes of increased displacement that are being put into operation.

Moreover, for domestic realities, a corvette with an anti-submarine bias is more preferable, since it is enemy submarines that pose a great potential threat in our vast territorial waters. Working together with aviation, such corvettes (if built in sufficient numbers, of course) can significantly reduce the danger.

As a result, it turns out that small missile ships really remain out of work: today more advanced means of destroying enemy ships have been created, capable of attacking faster and more efficiently. However, everything is not as clear as it seems at first glance.

Let's begin with that MRK is a very unpretentious ship. A few floating piers, a fuel depot and an electrical network are enough to equip a temporary base. A modern attack aircraft, on the other hand, needs a much more developed infrastructure, not to mention the fact that the airfield is a primary target for attack, and therefore, in the conduct of hostilities, it is likely to require frequent repairs.

Further, an aircraft cannot, like a ship, conduct long-term passive tracking of a target during a period of heightened confrontation or when a potential enemy ship invades territorial waters (recall the incident with the American cruiser Yorktown in 1988). The main thing in this case is the ability to immediately strike at the target upon receipt of such an order, and the RTO that has entered the firing line in advance will have an advantage over the aircraft that has just taken off from the base.

But the decisive factor is that today, in comparison with new projects of corvettes and, to a lesser extent, fighter-bombers, small missile ships have a fully developed weapons system, well-developed tactics, there are trained states that provide structures and full-fledged ship formations.

In other words, Project 1234 MRK is a very reliable and proven ship, guaranteed to be able to perform its tasks with maximum efficiency. It is a completely different matter - which are still a novelty - both the class of the ship itself, which did not exist in the Soviet naval doctrine, and in terms of installed weapons, which have not yet been tested in exercises.

In no way denying the need to move forward and build a new generation of ships, it must be admitted that now Russia needs a combat-ready and provided with all the necessary RTOs than a completely new corvette, but undeveloped in the fleet and in production. Of course, it is pointless to continue building old Soviet projects, but it is also impossible to just leave the accumulated rich experience overboard. best way out there is a significant increase in the potential of existing corps through modernization with the installation, for example, Onyx missiles in the 2x9 version, the Kashtan air defense system and new electronic equipment. The sailors would not have given up on an unmanned aerial vehicle for reconnaissance and target designation.

The preferred measure would be to build up the RTO group by producing a modernized version. For example, the capacities of the Vostochny shipyard and the Almaz shipbuilding company can produce up to four RTOs per year. This measure will help plug significant gaps in the naval defense, including in the middle sea zone, which is not covered by lighter ships. In the future, with proper modernization of shipyards and development of production, RTOs at the end of their service life should be replaced by corvettes, provided that the number of new ships will at least not be inferior to those decommissioned.

Of course, one cannot remain silent about the relatively new one, which is the development of the river MAK project 21630 "Buyan". Armed with UVP for eight Caliber or Onyx missiles, as well as 100-mm A-190M and 30-mm guns, it is nevertheless not an alternative to the heavier project 1234, since it can operate exclusively in the near sea zone. But it is precisely in interaction that these two types of RTOs can provide an acceptable level of security for our borders and economic zones.

Summing up, let's say that today our fleet needs, first of all, a completely clear and well-thought-out concept of warfare, which ensures the setting of tasks and requirements for each class of ships. And although the system for the interaction of old specialized ships with new ones built according to the Western model of application has not been developed, it is at least unreasonable to neglect the RTOs left over from the USSR.

Do not forget that the combat effectiveness of these ships was confirmed during the "five-day war" in South Ossetia. Under the current conditions, when the fate of the fleet is still unclear, it is better to rely only on proven and reliable solutions, and as a result, several old RTOs may be preferable to a mythical promising destroyer.

This is a high-speed small-sized boat armed with various types of missiles. For the first time, a ship equipped with missiles was designed by Soviet designers. The fleet of the USSR adopted a ship of this class into service in the 60s. XX century. It was a fast and maneuverable ship 183 P "Komar". The floating apparatus was armed with two missiles. The second Soviet model with four P-15 missiles was a Project 205 missile boat. Later, Israel became the owner of a Saar-type vessel equipped with rocket launchers.

Missile boat “Komar”

Combat use

Boats are designed to destroy surface enemy targets. These can be transport, landing, artillery ships, naval groups and their covers. Another function of a high-speed boat is to cover "their" ships from sea and air threats. They operate both near the shore and far out to sea.

The first baptism of fire of a missile boat occurred during the conflict between Egypt and Israel, and was marked by the destruction of an Israeli destroyer. The destroyer was destroyed by P-15 missiles fired by the Egyptian Mosquito. This case showed the effectiveness of ships of this class in military use and thus convinced many states of the need to create boats with missiles on board.

Boat “Komar”

Projects 205 and 205U "Mosquito"

Project 205 Mosquito was developed by the Almaz design bureau in the mid-1950s. The boats had a steel hull. Engineers have strengthened the armament and seaworthiness of the apparatus. Another difference from the model 183P boat was the rounded ship superstructures and a special deck shape, which allows you to quickly wash away radioactive contamination. The power plant consisted of a 42-cylinder M503 radial diesel engine. The boat joined navy Soviet Union in 1960.

Boat “Mosquito”

In the early 60s. the Almaz design organization developed the 205U boat. This vessel was armed with a modernized P-15U missile. The wing of the rocket was automatically opened upon takeoff. Also on board were two twin 30-mm AK-230 artillery mounts.

The boats of these projects were participants in several serious military conflicts:

1. Conflict between Egypt and Israel in the 70s. XX century
2. Pakistan-India war in 1971
3. War between Arab countries and Israel in 1973
4. Iran-Iraq war of the 80s.
5. The war between the US and Iraqi forces in the early 90s.

project 205 missile boat

Rocket boat design

At first, missile boats had the hull of a torpedo boat. Torpedoes were removed from the ship, and rockets were installed. But in the course of their use, a number of new requirements for the vessel appeared:

• Specially equipped containers for weapons and special rocket launchers were required, designed for use on a ship.
• It was necessary to change superstructures and some parts of the deck to remove jet gases when launching missiles, as well as to protect the crew and on-board equipment.
• It became necessary to equip with powerful radar systems to control and detect missiles.
• The displacement of the boat has increased. The average displacement of water is from 170 to 1.5 thousand tons.
• The hull is made of steel and has a smooth deck. The superstructure of the missile boat is made of high-strength aluminum alloys. The vertical walls of the case are waterproof. The length of the hull is from 30 to 65 meters, and the width is up to 17 meters.
• The power plant of rocket ships, as a rule, has gas turbine or diesel engines. But, for example, the Molniya missile boat is equipped with a combined type propulsion system: two afterburner turbines of the M-70 model and two diesel engines M-510. They drive fixed-pitch propellers. This increases the speed capabilities of the vessel - up to 40 knots. The range is about 1500 miles with an average speed of 20 knots.
• The seaworthiness of the ships is quite high. This was achieved due to the rounded design of the bow, deck and special superstructure, high displacement.
• In the event of a shipwreck, life rafts are evenly spaced around the entire perimeter.
• The crew of the missile boats ranges from 27 to 78 people. So the Molniya missile boat of projects 12418, 12411 and 12421 accommodates 40-41 sailors and officers on board. And on the large missile boat Bora - 78, including the commander of the ship. Placed personnel in cabins and cockpits.

Missile boat armament

Already from the name itself, it can be understood that the main weapons of the boat are rocket, anti-aircraft and artillery installations of various modifications and types. All installations have accurate homing systems and, unlike artillery, a long range.

The main equipment are several types of rocket launchers. The first PRU "Osa-M". This complex can independently detect targets. For this, the installation is equipped with a locator. It helps to see an object located at a height of up to 4 km and a distance of up to 30 km. The complex also consists of means for setting targets and sighting missiles, equipment for transmitting commands and a remote control for three operators.

The second installation that the boat is equipped with is the Moskit anti-ship missile system. It is designed to destroy surface objects. Missiles are resistant to the effects of a nuclear explosion. The complex is used in coastal defense and naval aviation. "Mosquito" is able to pierce any skin of the ship and explode inside the ship. It has a combined control system: navigation and homing. This guarantees a high hit on the target.

Another installation designed for installation on ships is Malachite. This is a Russian-style cruise missile that destroys surface ships. Malachite is a more powerful modification of the first P-70 Amethyst cruise missile.

Its control system includes:

• Autopilot APLI-5;
• Radar system "Dvina";
• Thermal system "Drofa".

Small rocket ship "Bora"

For example, rocket Bora» equipped with:

• Two launchers "Mosquito" for 8 missiles of the 3M80 type;
• One paired launcher of the Osa-M anti-aircraft missile system for 20 missiles;
• One 76mm AK-176 and two 30mm AK-630s.

Small rocket ship "Mirage"

Mirage» armed with:

• Six launchers of Malachite anti-ship missiles, loaded with 6 P-120 missiles each;
• One 76mm AK-176 and 30mm AK-630;
• One paired Osa-M anti-aircraft missile system for 20 missiles.

Small rocket ship "Ivanovets"

Ivanovets» equipped with:

• Four launchers "Mosquito" for 4 missiles;
• One 76mm AK-176 and one 30mm AK-630;
• One anti-aircraft installation "Igla".

Vessels use active and passive target detection. Navigation and radar systems are located at the top of the control room. Radars of the "Monolith" or "Harpoon" model are usually installed. On the superstructure of the floating facility is the Vympel radar system and Spektr-F laser warning equipment. Boats are able to recognize the nationality of nearby ships. For this, the board is equipped with a special “friend or foe” device.

Modern missile boats

The Russian fleet can be proud of the fact that it had a large number of missile boats in service over the years. Many of their representatives were exported to other countries: Bulgaria, Romania, Poland, India, Vietnam, Turkmenistan, Yemen, Egypt.

A total of 62 models and modifications of missile boats were designed. Here are the main operating boats:

1. Bora has been in service since 1984
2. Boat R-60 project 12411 - since 1985
3. The Mirage boat was put into service in 1983
4. R-71 "Shuya" has been on the meringue of the Russian fleet since 1985
5. R-109 project 12411 - in service since 1990
6. The boat "Naberezhnye Chelny" has been operating since 1989
7. Missile small ship "Ivanovets" - since 1990
8. "Samum" project 1239 was accepted into the ranks of the fleet in 1991
9. The Shtil boat has been in the fleet since 1976.

All of them have powerful latest equipment and weapons that meet the world standards of military equipment.

The small missile ship "Passat" of project 12341, code "Gadfly-1", was laid down on the slipway of the Leningrad Primorsky Shipyard in Leningrad and became the 14th in a series of 15 ships built at the plant.

Designed for launching missile attacks on enemy ships.

RTO "Passat" was laid down on May 27, 1988, building number 82. Launched on June 13, 1990. December 06, 1990 handed over to the customer. March 14, 1991 was enlisted in the Baltic Fleet. Currently has tail number 570, previously had tail number 465.

Main characteristics: Full displacement 730 tons. Length 59.3 meters, width 11.8 meters, draft 3.08 meters. Maximum speed 34 knots. Cruising range 3500 nautical miles at 18 knots. Autonomy 10 days. The crew consists of 64 people, including 10 officers and 14 midshipmen.

Power plant: 3 M-507A diesel engines with a total capacity of 30,000 horsepower, 3 shafts.

Armament: 6 Malachite anti-ship missile launchers (6 P-120 missiles), 1 AK-176 76-mm gun mount, 1x6 AK-630 30-mm gun mount, 1x2 Osa-M anti-aircraft launchers (20 missiles).

In 1999 he made a business call at the port of Karlskrona, Sweden.

From July 22 to August 08, 2006 he paid a visit to the ports of Germany with a passage through the Kiel Canal and a call at Bremerhaven and Warnemünde.

In early July 2007, he made a training trip to the North Sea, calling at the Dutch port of Vlissingen to participate in the celebrations on the occasion of the 400th anniversary of Admiral de Ruyter.

Was under renovation in 2013.

According to a report dated April 11, 2014, during which he fired cruise missiles at complex targets imitating a detachment of imaginary enemy ships.

According to a message dated May 19, 2014, together with the R-257 missile boat, it successfully imitates warships and air attack weapons of a mock enemy.

According to a report dated February 27, 2015, the crews of the large landing ship "Korolev" and the small missile ship "Passat" of the Baltic Fleet successfully carried out artillery firing in conditions of limited visibility. According to a report dated April 09, artillery firing at various targets was successful.

According to a message dated March 30, 2016, the crew, as part of the first stage of the Sea Cup-2016 professional skills competition in the Baltic Fleet, were tasked with conducting artillery combat and repelling attacks by air attack means of a mock enemy.

According to a report dated April 12, 2019, as part of a naval strike group, electronic missile launches were successfully launched at targets simulating a detachment of mock enemy warships. According to a message dated August 05 for the inter-fleet exercise of the Russian Navy "Ocean Shield - 2019".

Small rocket ships.

Ships of project 1234 ("Nanuchka-I class" according to NATO classification) are designed to protect sea communications, guard convoys, and combat surface ships in coastal areas. The power plant of the ship consists of three diesel engines with a total capacity of 30,000 hp, which rotate three propellers. The maximum speed is 34 knots.

The first two small rocket ships of project 1234 were worn until April 25, 1970. only a digital tactical name: the lead "MRK-3", the first production building - "MRK-7". Subsequent ships were assigned "weather" names, traditional for Soviet patrol ships of the Great Patriotic War, for their "weather" names were called the "bad weather division". The lead ship of the Storm project.

Photos of the ships are taken from the site www.forums.airbase.ru

Small rocket ship Storm.

Small rocket ship MRK-3 - built within the framework of project 1234, code "Gadfly". Launched October 18, 1968, April 25, 1970. renamed "The Tempest". It entered service on September 30, 1970, and already on February 09, 1971. became part of the Red Banner Black Sea Fleet (KChF). July 5, 1971 the management of the 166th Novorossiysk Red Banner division of small rocket ships was formed, and on August 14, 1971. small missile ships RTOs "Storm" and "Breeze" are subordinate to the commander of the 166th DNMRK. March 11, 1980 The 295th Sulinsky Red Banner Division of torpedo boats was disbanded and on its basis the 295th Sulinsky Red Banner Division of small missile ships was created, consisting of:

RTO "Storm";

RTO "Thunderstorm";

MRK-5;

PD-26;

PD-19.

By order of the Civil Code of the Navy of December 24, 76. RTOs "Zarnitsa" and RTOs "Storm" were declared the best tactical group of RTOs based on the results of an inspection by the USSR Ministry of Defense.

15.04 to 16.06.1982 Together with RTO "Grom" and PRTB-33 - BS in the Mediterranean Sea.

Board numbers: 540, 354, 961, 964(1977), 604(1978), 601, 603, 602(1982), 609(1984), 605(1986), 608(1990), 624(1.05.1990). Decommissioned: 1991

Small rocket ship Breeze.

Small rocket ship MRK-7 - built within the framework of project 1234, code "Gadfly". Launched October 10, 1969, April 25, 1970. renamed "Breeze". It entered service on December 31, 1970, and already on February 09, 1971. became part of the Red Banner Black Sea Fleet (KChF). From December 1970 testing of the Malachite rocket launcher began - The first launch took place on December 29, 1970.

July 5, 1971 the management of the 166th Novorossiysk Red Banner division of small rocket ships was formed, and on August 14, 1971. small missile ships RTOs "Storm" and "Breeze" are subordinate to the commander of the 166th DNMRK.

October 30, 1973 Together with RTO "Groza", PRTB-13 (KUG) - BS in the Mediterranean Sea. During the service, in October, the exercise "Delivery of a missile strike by TG RTOs on the AUG from the tracking position according to own means" was conducted.

From November 01 to November 17, 1974 Together with RTOs "Whirlwind" and PRTB-33 (KUG) - BS in the Mediterranean Sea. When performing tasks, we carried out weapon tracking of the Little Rock URO KR and conducted an exercise to launch a missile attack on the Forrestal AVU and the Long Beach URO KRA.

From 25.06 to 01.08.1977 Together with RTO "Zarnitsa" and PRTB-13 (KUG) - BS in the Mediterranean Sea. When performing tasks, weapons were tracked by the Long Beach CRA URO "Long Beach" for the US Navy integrated supply ship.

From 17.06 to 08.08.1978 Together with the RTO "Grom" and PRTB-33 (KUG) - BS in the Mediterranean Sea. They performed the task of tracking the Kitty Hawk AVU with weapons. On June 22-27, RTO "Breeze" as part of a group of ships of the RRC "Admiral Golovko", BOD "Ochakov" made an official visit to the port of Latakia, SAR.

From July 23 to September 3, 1979 Together with the RTO "Grom" and PRTB-33 (KUG) - BS in the Mediterranean Sea. In the course of military service, they carried out long-term tracking with weapons AUG AVU "Forrestal" KR URO "Yarnel", FR URO "Kelsh".

From September 19 to October 20, 1980 Together with RTO "Zyb" and PRTB - BS in the Mediterranean Sea. In the course of the exercise “Destruction of the AUG by the forces of 5 OPESK in cooperation with the MRA of the fleet”, weapons were tracked by the AUG AVU “America”, the KR URO “Little Rock”, the FR URO “Vodzh”, the US Navy complex supply ship, followed by a simulated missile strike .

From August 15 to September 2, 1981 went to the BS for reinforcement (the BS of the Zyb RTO, Zarnitsa RTO and PRTB-13 were already carried on the spot) due to the aggravated situation in Lebanon on August 15. The ships carried out weapon tracking of the AUG AVU "Interprise" of the KRA URO "Long Beach" in the subsequent TDK "Guadalcanal" south of the island of Cyprus.

In 1981 the tactical group consisting of RTOs "Breeze" and "Zarnitsa" was declared the best in missile training in firing at a sea target and received a challenge prize of the USSR Navy.

From 25.05 to 05.08.1983 Together with RTO "Komsomolets of Mordovia" RTO "Zarnitsa" and PRTB-33 (KUG) - BS in the Mediterranean Sea.

from 20.11.1983 to 20.02.1984 Together with RTOs "Komsomolets Mordovia" and PRTB-33 carried BS in the Mediterranean Sea.

Since 10.05.1987 to 20.05.1988 joined the BS in Cam Ranh.

Board numbers: 356, 966, 962(1977), 963, 967, 611, 602(1980), 623, 617(1982), 606(1984), 612(1984), 618(1986), 403(05.1987), 430(05.1990). Decommissioned: 1992.

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Small rocket ship Whirlwind - built within the framework of project 1234, code "Gadfly". Launched on July 22, 1970, and entered service on September 30, 1971, and already on November 1, 1971. became part of the Red Banner Black Sea Fleet (KChF).

From November 01 to November 17, 1974 Together with RTO "Breeze" and PRTB-33 - BS in the Mediterranean Sea. When performing tasks, we carried out weapon tracking of the Little Rock URO KR and conducted an exercise to launch a missile attack on the Forrestal AVU and the Long Beach URO KRA.

08/01/1977 transferred to the Red Banner Pacific Fleet (KTOF).

07/26/1992 changed the Naval flag of the USSR to Andreevsky.

Board numbers: 978 (1975), 351 (1976), 955, 966, 425 (1985), 438 (05.1990), 432 (1994).

Decommissioned: 1994

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Small rocket ship Grad - built within the framework of project 1234, code "Gadfly". Launched on April 30, 1972, and entered service on September 30, 1972, and already on October 31, 1972, it became part of the Twice Red Banner Baltic Fleet (DKBF). In 1983, 1985 and 1987 won the prize of the Civil Code of the Navy for missile training (as part of the KUG).

26.7.1992 changed the Naval flag of the USSR to Andreevsky

Board numbers: 941 (1973), 506, 567, 552 (1987), 582 (1990). Decommissioned: 1993

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Small rocket ship Grom - built within the framework of project 1234, code "Gadfly". Launched on October 29, 1972, and entered service on December 28, 1972, and already on January 31, 1973. joined the Twice Red Banner Baltic Fleet (DKBF). September 4, 1973 transferred to the Red Banner Black Sea Fleet (KCHF). In 1978 and 1992 won the prize of the Civil Code of the Navy for missile training (as part of the KUG).

From June 3 to September 8, 1975 Together with RTO "Zarnitsa" and PRTB-33 (KUG) BS in the Mediterranean Sea. On July 11, the KUG was tasked with carrying out reconnaissance, tracking and delivering a simulated missile attack on the Forrestal AVU with the passage of the meridian of 22 degrees. The task was successfully solved on July 12.

From 17.06 to 8.08.1978 Together with RTO "Breeze" and PRTB-33 (KUG) BS in the Mediterranean Sea. They performed the task of tracking weapons for the Kitty Hawk AVU.

From July 23 to September 3, 1979 Together with RTO "Breeze" and PRTB-33 - BS in the Mediterranean Sea. In the course of military service, they carried out long-term tracking with weapons AUG AVU "Forrestal" KR URO "Yarnel", FR URO "Kelsh".

15.04 to 16.06.1982 Together with RTOs Burya and PRTB-33 (KUG) BS in the Mediterranean Sea.

26.7.1992 changed the Naval flag of the USSR to Andreevsky.

Board numbers: 361(1976), 976(1977), 818(1979), 608, 604(1982), 605(1984), 607(1986), 622(1.05.1990). Decommissioned: 1995

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Small rocket ship Groza - built within the framework of project 1234, code "Gadfly". Launched on July 26, 1972, and entered service on December 28, 1972, and already on January 31, 1973. joined the Twice Red Banner Baltic Fleet (DKBF). September 4, 1973 transferred to the Red Banner Black Sea Fleet (KChF). March 11, 1980 295th Sulinsky Red Banner Division torpedo boats the 295th Sulinsky Red Banner Division of small missile ships was disbanded and based on it, consisting of:

RTO "Storm";

RTO "Thunderstorm";

MRK-5;

PD-26;

PD-19.

October 30, 1973 Together with RTO "Breeze" and PRTB-13 (KUG) - BS in the Mediterranean Sea. During the service, in October, the exercise "Delivery of a missile strike by TG RTOs on the AUG from the tracking position according to own means" was conducted.

From June 2 to July 12, 1976 Together with RTO "Zarnitsa" and PRTB-13 - BS in the Mediterranean Sea. Since June 19, they have been tracking the AVU "America" ​​with weapons. KR URO "Yarnel", FR "Voj". Participation in the exercises "Crimea-76".

Board numbers: 363, 358, 977(1973), 970, 611, 604(1980), 613(1982), 614(1984), 604(1986), 619(1.05.1990). Decommissioned: 1992

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Small rocket ship Zarnitsa - built within the framework of project 1234, code "Gadfly". Launched on April 28, 1973, and entered service on September 18, 1973, and already on October 26, 1973. became part of the Red Banner Black Sea Fleet (KChF). In 1978, 1981, 1984, 1988, 1993, 1994 and 1998 won the prize of the Civil Code of the Navy for missile training (as part of the KUG).

From June 3 to September 8, 1975 Together with RTO "Grom" and PRTB-33 (KUG) BS in the Mediterranean Sea. On July 11, the KUG was tasked with carrying out reconnaissance, tracking and delivering a simulated missile attack on the Forrestal AVU with the passage of the meridian of 22 degrees. The task was successfully solved on July 12.

From June 2 to July 12, 1976 Together with RTO "Groza" and PRTB-13 - BS in the Mediterranean Sea. Since June 19, they have been tracking the AVU "America" ​​with weapons. KR URO "Yarnel", FR "Voj". Participation in the exercises "Crimea-76".

By order of the Civil Code of the Navy dated December 24, 1976, RTOs "Zarnitsa" and RTOs "Storm" were declared the best tactical group of RTOs based on the results of an inspection by the USSR Ministry of Defense.

From 25.06 to 01.08.1977 Together with RTO "Breeze" and PRTB-13 (KUG) - BS in the Mediterranean Sea. When performing tasks, weapons were tracked by the Long Beach CRA URO "Long Beach" for the US Navy integrated supply ship.

From July 15 to September 2, 1981 Together with RTO "Zyb" and PRTB-13 - BS in the Mediterranean Sea. The ships carried out weapon tracking of the AUG AVU "Interprise" of the KRA URO "Long Beach" in the subsequent TDK "Guadalcanal" south of the island of Cyprus.

In 1981 the tactical group consisting of RTOs "Breeze" and "Zarnitsa" was declared the best in missile training in firing at a sea target and received a challenge prize of the USSR Navy.

In 1984 a tactical group consisting of RTOs "Zarnitsa" and RTOs "Komsomolets of Mordovia" received the challenge prize of the Civil Code of the Navy for missile firing at the MC.

From May 15 to June 15, 1984 Together with "Komsomolets of Mordovia" - BS in the Mediterranean Sea. In the period from May 27 to May 29, the TG RTOs as part of the KUG-2 took part in the operational-tactical exercise of the 5th OPESK "Destruction of the AMG of the enemy OS RUS in cooperation with the MRA of the fleet"

24.09.93 - a tactical group consisting of RTOs "Zarnitsa" and RTOs "Mirage" received a challenge prize of the Civil Code of the Navy for missile firing at the MC.

09/22/94 the tactical group consisting of RTOs "Zarnitsa" and RTOs "Shtil" received the challenge prize of the Civil Code of the Navy for missile firing at the MC.

06/12/1997 changed the Naval flag of the USSR to Andreevsky.

Board numbers: 363 (1976), 973, 972, 607, 618, 606 (1990), 621 (1.05.1990). Decommissioned: 2005

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Small missile ship Shkval - built within the framework of project 1234, code "Gadfly". Launched on December 28, 1973, and entered service on June 14, 1974, and already on July 16, 1974. became part of the Twice Red Banner Baltic Fleet (DKBF) as part of the 106th division of the RTOs of the 76th BEM, based on the Winter Harbor of the Liepaja Naval Base. After 1992 the division was transferred to the 36th brigade of missile boats of the 12th division of surface ships.

Board numbers: 915 (1976), 551 (1985), 567, 565. Decommissioned: 1994.

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Small rocket ship Metel.

Small rocket ship Metel - built within the framework of project 1234, code "Gadfly". Launched on August 10, 1974, and entered service on December 8, 1974, and already on January 23, 1975. became part of the Red Banner Northern Fleet (KSF). In 1982 won the prize of the Navy Civil Code for missile training (as part of the KUG).

Board numbers: 923 (1977), 534 (1979), 542. Decommissioned: 1998.

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Small rocket ship Storm.

Small rocket ship Storm - built within the framework of project 1234, code "Gadfly". Launched on March 3, 1975, and entered service on June 15, 1975, and already on July 21, 1975. joined the Twice Red Banner Baltic Fleet (DKBF). In 1983, 1985 and 1987 won the prize of the Civil Code of the Navy for missile training (as part of the KUG).

07/26/1992 changed the Naval flag of the USSR to Andreevsky

Board numbers: 953, 587 (1978), 567, 577 (1990). Decommissioned: 1998

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Small rocket ship Cyclone - built within the framework of project 1234, code "Gadfly". Launched on May 24, 1977, and entered service on December 31, 1977, and already on February 17, 1978. became part of the Red Banner Pacific Fleet (KTOF).

From May 1985 to May 1986 Together with RTO "Typhoon" - BS to Vietnam, South China Sea, Cam Ranh Bay.

07/26/1992 changed the Naval flag of the USSR to Andreevsky.

Board numbers: 430, 438, 425 (1984), 435 (1985), 412 (05.1987), 444 (05.1990). Decommissioned: 1995

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Small rocket ship Monsoon - built within the framework of project 1234, code "Gadfly". Launched on July 1, 1981, and entered service on December 30, 1981, and already on February 9, 1982. became part of the Red Banner Pacific Fleet (KTOF - 165 BrRKA Pacific Fleet). April 16, 1987 died in the Sea of ​​Japan due to spontaneous retargeting of a missile while practicing combat training tasks.

Board numbers: 427 (1982), 414 (1984).

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The logical continuation of this series of small missile ships was project 1234.1 ("Nanuchka-III class" according to NATO classification). The main differences of this project are the increase in the main caliber of artillery from 57 mm to 76 mm, the additional installation of one 30 mm AK-630 artillery system on the ship, as well as new radar and electronic equipment. Despite the relatively small displacement, the ship of this project has high seaworthiness and the ability to use weapons at a sea state of 5 points and a speed of 24 knots.

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Small rocket ship Burun - built within the framework of project 1234.1, code "Gadfly-1". Launched in July 1977, and entered service on December 30, 1977, and already on February 17, 1978. became part of the Red Banner Northern Fleet (KSF). April 21, 1978 listed in the DCBF.

In 1978, he won the prize of the Navy Civil Code for missile training (as part of the KUG).

07/26/1992 changed the Naval flag of the USSR to Andreevsky.

Board numbers: 570, 559 (1986), 566 (1990). Decommissioned: 2002

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Small rocket ship Veter.

Small Rocket Ship Wind - built within the framework of project 1234.1, code "Gadfly-1". Launched on April 21, 1978, and entered service on September 30, 1978, and already on November 23, 1978. became part of the Red Banner Northern Fleet (KSF). In 1980 won the prize of the Navy Civil Code for missile training (as part of the KUG).

07/26/1992 changed the Naval flag of the USSR to Andreevsky.

Board numbers: 572 (1978), 527, 523, 524 (1995). Decommissioned: 1995

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Small rocket ship Zyb - built within the framework of project 1234.1, code "Gadfly-1". Launched on October 23, 1978, and entered service on December 31, 1978, and already on February 16, 1979. became part of the Red Banner Black Sea Fleet (KChF). April 13, 1982 renamed to " Komsomolets of Mordovia”, and on February 15, 1992. in "Calm".

From September 19 to October 20, 1980 Together with RTO "Breeze" and PRTB -13 (KUG) - BS in the Mediterranean Sea. In the course of the exercise "Destruction of the AUG by the forces of 5 OPESK in cooperation with the MRA of the fleet," the weapons were tracked by the AUG AVU "America", the KR URO "Little Rock", the FR URO "Vodzh", the US Navy complex supply ship, followed by a simulated missile strike .

From July 15 to September 2, 1981 Together with RTO "Zarnitsa" and PRTB-13 - BS in the Mediterranean Sea. The ships carried out weapon tracking of the AUG AVU "Interprise" of the KRA URO "Long Beach" in the subsequent TDK "Guadalcanal" south of the island of Cyprus.

From May 25 to August 5, 1983 Together with RTO "Breeze", RTO "Zarnitsa" and PRTB-33 (KUG) - BS in the Mediterranean Sea.

From November 20, 1983 to February 20, 1984 Together with RTO "Breeze" and PRTB-33 (KUG) - BS in the Mediterranean Sea.

From May 15 to June 15, 1984 Together with RTO "Zarnitsa" and PRTB-33 - BS in the Mediterranean Sea. In the period from May 27 to May 29, the TG RTOs as part of the KUG-2 took part in the operational-tactical exercise of the 5th OPESK "Destruction of the AMG of the enemy OS RUS in cooperation with the MRA of the fleet"

In 1984, 1989, 1990, 1991, 1993 and 1998 won the prize of the Civil Code of the Navy for missile training (as part of the KUG).

06/12/1997 changed the Naval flag of the USSR to Andreevsky.

Currently, the Shtil small missile ship of project 1234.1 is part of the 166th Novorossiysk Red Banner Small Missile Ships of the 41st Missile Boat Brigade.

Board numbers: 608 (1982), 609 (1984), 605 (1986), 620 (1.05.1990).

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Small rocket ship Moroz - built within the framework of project 1234.1, code "Gadfly-1". Launched on September 23, 1989, and entered service on December 30, 1989, and already on February 28, 1990. became part of the Red Banner Pacific Fleet (KTOF). 07/26/1992 changed the Naval flag of the USSR to Andreevsky. In 1999 won the prize of the State Committee of the Navy for missile training (as part of the KUG)

Board numbers: 434, 450, 402 (05.1990), 409 (2000).

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Small rocket ship - built within the framework of project 1234.1, code "Gadfly-1". Launched on August 24, 1991, and entered service on December 31, 1991, and already on February 11, 1992. became part of the Red Banner Pacific Fleet (KTOF). 07/26/1992 changed the Naval flag of the USSR to Andreevsky. In 1999, he won the prize of the Navy Civil Code for missile training (as part of the KUG).

Board numbers: 450 (2000).

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Small rocket ship Downpour - built within the framework of project 1234.1, code "Gadfly-1". Launched on October 5, 1986, and April 14, 1987. renamed "XX Congress of the Komsomol". It entered service on December 25, 1987, and already on February 19, 1988. became part of the Red Banner Pacific Fleet (KTOF). February 15, 1992 renamed - "Hoarfrost".

07/26/1992 changed the Naval flag of the USSR to Andreevsky.

In 1999, he won the prize of the Navy Civil Code for missile training (as part of the KUG).

Board numbers: 422 (05.1987), 415 (05.1990), 418 (2000).

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Small rocket ship Tucha - built within the framework of project 1234.1, code "Gadfly-1". Launched on April 29, 1980, and entered service on July 31, 1980, and already on October 24, 1980. became part of the Red Banner Northern Fleet (KSF).

07/26/1992 changed the Naval flag of the USSR to Andreevsky.

In 1995 won the prize of the Navy Civil Code for missile training (as part of the KUG).

Board numbers: 527 (1987), 524 (1988), 505 (1997). Decommissioned: 2005

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Small rocket ship Smerch - built within the framework of project 1234.1, code "Gadfly-1". Launched on November 16, 1984, and entered service on December 30, 1984, and already on March 4, 1985. became part of the Red Banner Pacific Fleet (KTOF).

From April 1986 to July 1987 performs combat service tasks in Vietnam, the South China Sea, Cam Ranh Bay.

07/26/1992 changed the Naval flag of the USSR to Andreevsky.

Board numbers: 415, 418, 450 (1987), 405 (1990), 423 (2000).

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