Home library: do modern people need books? Are home libraries collecting now?
Option No. 5327270
When completing tasks with a short answer, enter in the answer field the number that corresponds to the number of the correct answer, or a number, a word, a sequence of letters (words) or numbers. The answer should be written without spaces or any additional characters. The answers to tasks 1-26 are a figure (number) or a word (several words), a sequence of numbers (numbers).
If the option is specified by the teacher, you can enter or upload answers to tasks with a detailed answer into the system. The teacher will see the results of completing tasks with a short answer and will be able to evaluate the downloaded answers to tasks with a long answer. The scores assigned by the teacher will appear in your statistics. The volume of the essay is at least 150 words.
Version for printing and copying in MS Word
Indicate the numbers of sentences that correctly convey the MAIN information contained in the text. Write down the numbers of these sentences.
1) Visual impressions help us distinguish orange juice from grapefruit juice, as any good cook knows.
2) Visual impressions retained in memory appearance dishes and allowing you to imagine it in advance, greatly influence the appetite, which is why chefs beautifully decorate the dish to increase appetite.
3) When determining the taste of food, we are still more accustomed to relying on the sense of smell than on sight, because, according to experiments, when tasting juice blindfolded, a person cannot taste the difference between orange juice and grapefruit juice.
4) In addition to taste, our idea of food is influenced by visual impressions, which retain the appearance of the dish in memory, and we imagine its taste in advance, so cooks decorate the dish beautifully to increase appetite.
5) Any good cook knows that a beautifully presented dish increases a person’s appetite.
Answer:
Which of the following words or combinations of words should be in place of the gap in the third sentence of the text?
In other words,
Against,
It's no coincidence
Besides
Answer:
Read a fragment of a dictionary entry that gives the meaning of the word EXTERNAL. Determine the meaning in which this word is used in the first (1) sentence of the text. Write down the number corresponding to this value in the given fragment of the dictionary entry.
EXTERNAL, -yaya, -ee.
1. External, located outside, outside of something. External environment.
2. Expressed only externally, not corresponding to the internal state. External calm. Externally(adv.) he is happy.
3. Superficial, devoid of depth, internal content. V. gloss.
4. Relating to relations with other states. Foreign policy. Foreign trade.
Answer:
In one of the words below, an error was made in the placement of stress: the letter denoting the stressed vowel sound was highlighted incorrectly. Write this word down.
began
significant
apostrophe
Answer:
One of the sentences below uses the highlighted word incorrectly. Correct the lexical error by choosing a paronym for the highlighted word. Write down the chosen word.
Nature itself placed it [the birch] here to decorate the POOR in the decoration of the field.
This home IS of historical value.
In the corner of the room there is a FORMER fireplace and a bronze clock on it.
The Russian language is an enormous wealth that PRESENTS us extraordinary opportunities.
And one day in May, when the sky was green with cold, GREAT news came that we had won and the war was over.
Answer:
In one of the words highlighted below, an error was made in the formation of the word form. Correct the mistake and write the word correctly.
RIDICULOUS outfit
behind SEVEN locks
pack of PASTA
in the year 2000
TASTIER THAN cake
Answer:
Establish a correspondence between grammatical errors and the sentences in which they were made: for each position in the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.
| GRAMMAR ERRORS | OFFERS | |
A) violation in the construction of sentences with participial phrases B) violation in the construction of a sentence with an inconsistent application C) disruption of the connection between subject and predicate D) error in constructing a complex sentence D) violation of aspect-temporal correlation of verb forms | 1) Those who have been to Africa at least once in their lives talk with delight about their adventures and dream of returning there again. 2) All students who came to the elective lesson understood the complex topic. 3) Doctors believe that the patient’s condition has deteriorated so much that it is likely that death may occur within a few hours. 4) Opera D.D. Shostakovich's "Lady Macbeth of Mtsensk" is two and a half hours of continuous music, almost unbearable in its drama. 5) The problem of A. Platonov’s poetic language is so complex that it is still waiting for a researcher capable of revealing the deep linguistic foundations of the writer’s unique style. 6) I.S. Turgenev in his novels explored problems that worried many of his contemporaries. 7) We talk for a long time about what we read (it so happened that our reading range was very similar) and sometimes we abused our time 8) A.S. Pushkin’s novel “Dubrovsky” depicts pictures of Russia’s serf past. |
| A | B | IN | G | D |
Answer:
Identify the word in which the unstressed alternating vowel of the root is missing. Write out this word by inserting the missing letter.
hug..hug
exchange..receive (product)
collect
g..rokhovy
Answer:
Identify the row in which the same letter is missing in both words. Write out these words by inserting the missing letter.
wrong..false, right..wrong (understand);
sophistication, purpose;
children..nursery, present..present;
post..impressionism, rose..grysh;
on..construction, about..beat.
Answer:
Write down the word in which the letter E is written in the blank.
hanged
nomadic
helpful
turn away
splashing...
Answer:
Write down the word in which the letter U is written in place of the gap.
available
brilliant
move.. move (they)
Answer:
Determine the sentence in which NOT is spelled together with the word. Open the brackets and write down this word.
The sun, still (in)visible to the eye, spread a fan of pink rays across the sky.
Valentin walked with a (not) hasty, but decisive step.
Deep autumn dragged on, no longer damp and rainy, but dry and windy.
There was no one around.
The foliage hangs (not) moving.
Answer:
Determine the sentence in which both highlighted words are written CONTINUOUSLY. Open the brackets and write down these two words.
The brothers were left (ALONE) and (C) AT THE BEGINNING they only looked at each other.
Nikolai (DURING) the entire argument was silent and only once, IN A (HALF) VOICE, asked Marina to remove the samovar.
Even in his half-asleep existence, Ilya Ilyich could not, in his words, indifferently remember that same female aria from Bellini’s opera, which SOMEHOW merged with the appearance of Olga Ilyinskaya, and ALSO with the dramatic outcome of Oblomov’s love for her.
The seller is JUST responsible to the buyer for damage or breakage of the cargo (B) AS a CONSEQUENCE of improper packaging, as is the buyer to the seller for timely payment for the goods.
Juniper bushes RARELY, but STILL, grow on the slopes of the hill.
Answer:
Indicate all the numbers replaced by one letter N.
The (1) beauty smiled embarrassedly (2) and dropped the golden (3) powder (4) from her hands.
Answer:
Place punctuation marks. Indicate the numbers of sentences in which you need to put ONE comma
1) The last waves of warmed fog either roll down, spread out like tablecloths, or disappear.
2) The leaves and green shells of the fruit contain ascorbic acid and tannins.
3) V.A. Serov was looking for new way transferring on the canvas an infinitely varied play of light and work on the portrait “Girl Illuminated by the Sun” was postponed more than once.
4) Military honor and personal devotion did not allow Svyatoslav to leave his brother in trouble.
5) Graphic skill was not valued and N. Kuzmin’s graceful drawing irritated ideological critics.
Answer:
A bad lecturer is considered to be the one who monotonously lectures (1) without taking his eyes (2) away from (3) the manuscript brought from home (4).
Answer:
Add all missing punctuation marks: indicate the number(s) in whose place(s) there should be a comma(s) in the sentence.
Judge how (1) it’s still (2) offensive and bitter: why (3) for example (4) life is given to a person only once, but for others it passes without benefit? .
Answer:
Place all punctuation marks: indicate the number(s) in whose place(s) there should be a comma(s) in the sentence.
It was (1) in Tashkent (2) from which (3) the unforgotten horror of the cold remained for life (4) that we spent the difficult years of evacuation.
Answer:
Place all punctuation marks: indicate the number(s) in whose place(s) there should be a comma(s) in the sentence.
The new agronomist warned in the morning (1) that a powerful thunderstorm front was approaching (2) and (3) that (4) if you do not start harvesting the wheat (5), it will lie in the rain and rot.
Answer:
Which of the statements correspond to the content of the text? Please provide answer numbers.
1) V.P. Astafiev knew firsthand what it meant to be an orphan and not have a home.
2) Despite the ruthless censorship, which actively interfered in the literary life of those years, Astafiev’s works were successfully published without any amendments.
3) Astafiev, advocating for freedom in life and work, wrote only in moments of inspiration and never for the sake of making money.
4) According to V.P. Astafiev, hard physical work in foundry was not as difficult for him as the work of a writer.
5) When Astafiev managed to create a work that was successful, from his point of view, he experienced a feeling of surprise and delight.
(according to G.K. Sapronov *)
Answer:
Which of the following statements are true? Please provide answer numbers.
1) Sentences 1−2 present the reasoning.
2) Sentence 6 explains the content of sentence 5.
3) Sentences 10−13 provide a description.
4) Sentences 17−20 present reasoning with narrative elements.
5) Sentences 16−17 present a narrative.
(1) When I’m in Krasnoyarsk, I always go to Ovsyanka to visit Viktor Petrovich: walk around his village, look into his house, go to his library, his church...
(2) Viktor Petrovich Astafiev was born on May 1, 1924 and, having gone through orphanhood, homelessness, blood, wounds and dirt of war, through a chain of endless battles, enduring all the pain and hard labor of writing, he left us on the morning of November 29, 2001.
(3) It would seem that life did everything so that we would not have such a writer. (4) She mutilated his childhood, threw him into the meat grinder of war, finished off the soldier returning from the front with post-war poverty and hunger, tormented his consciousness with ideological dogmas, shredded the best lines with a merciless censorship scalpel. (5) He survived! (6) He did not become an embittered philistine, nor a dissident with a cookie in his pocket, nor a literary gentleman like those whose names somehow instantly disappeared, sunk into oblivion. (7) He always remained himself, regardless of empty and mediocre opinions, the “trends” of the time, and the imposed norms. (8) Astafiev himself was both the norm and the rule and, as time has proven, became a truly national writer in the highest sense of this difficult concept. (9) All of us who knew him, were in correspondence with him, were friends with him, somehow got used to the fact that we have such a Viktor Petrovich - wise, cheerful, reasonable, ardent.
(10) Astafiev taught us, first of all, freedom and he himself was free - both in life and in creativity. (11) I remember at one of the meetings he was asked: “How to become a free person?” (12) Viktor Petrovich answered with a smile: “(13) Start by stopping lying to yourself and bending to your boss.”
(14) Tired, sick, exhausted, he sat down at his desk every morning in order not only to have time to finish writing what he had planned (how many unborn plots and characters remain that we will never meet again!), but also in order to to honestly earn your bread, feed your family, raise orphaned grandchildren, help your son and his family. (15) “What a difficult work, burning us as if on fire!” - he writes in one of the letters. (16) And in another letter: “...even the sledgehammer, which at one time he used in the foundry, did not exhaust as much as the writer’s “light” pen. (17) But, of course, none of my work has brought as much delight as this literary work. (18) When suddenly out of nothing, from an ordinary bottle of ink you extract something similar to life, you recreate from words a picture or character dear to yourself, and sometimes to other people, and you freeze, like an artist in front of a canvas, amazed by this magic - after all, out of nothing it worked! (19) Lord! (20) Did I really do this?
(21) Of course, Astafiev’s soul, Astafiev’s star will forever shine for his present and future readers. (22) And he will forever be ours...
(according to G.K. Sapronov *)
* Gennady Konstantinovich Sapronov (1952–2009) – journalist, publisher, member of the Association of Book Publishers of Russia.
Answer:
From sentences 16−17, write down synonyms (synonymous pair).
(1) When I’m in Krasnoyarsk, I always go to Ovsyanka to visit Viktor Petrovich: walk around his village, look into his house, go to his library, his church...
(2) Viktor Petrovich Astafiev was born on May 1, 1924 and, having gone through orphanhood, homelessness, blood, wounds and dirt of war, through a chain of endless battles, enduring all the pain and hard labor of writing, he left us on the morning of November 29, 2001.
(3) It would seem that life did everything so that we would not have such a writer. (4) She mutilated his childhood, threw him into the meat grinder of war, finished off the soldier returning from the front with post-war poverty and hunger, tormented his consciousness with ideological dogmas, shredded the best lines with a merciless censorship scalpel. (5) He survived! (6) He did not become an embittered philistine, nor a dissident with a cookie in his pocket, nor a literary gentleman like those whose names somehow instantly disappeared, sunk into oblivion. (7) He always remained himself, regardless of empty and mediocre opinions, the “trends” of the time, and the imposed norms. (8) Astafiev himself was both the norm and the rule and, as time has proven, became a truly national writer in the highest sense of this difficult concept. (9) All of us who knew him, were in correspondence with him, were friends with him, somehow got used to the fact that we have such a Viktor Petrovich - wise, cheerful, reasonable, ardent.
(10) Astafiev taught us, first of all, freedom and he himself was free - both in life and in creativity. (11) I remember at one of the meetings he was asked: “How to become a free person?” (12) Viktor Petrovich answered with a smile: “(13) Start by stopping lying to yourself and bending to your boss.”
(14) Tired, sick, exhausted, he sat down at his desk every morning in order not only to have time to finish writing what he had planned (how many unborn plots and characters remain that we will never meet again!), but also in order to to honestly earn your bread, feed your family, raise orphaned grandchildren, help your son and his family. (15) “What a difficult work, burning us as if on fire!” - he writes in one of the letters. (16) And in another letter: “...even the sledgehammer, which at one time he used in the foundry, did not exhaust as much as the writer’s “light” pen. (17) But, of course, none of my work has brought as much delight as this literary work. (18) When suddenly out of nothing, from an ordinary bottle of ink you extract something similar to life, you recreate from words a picture or character dear to yourself, and sometimes to other people, and you freeze, like an artist in front of a canvas, amazed by this magic - after all, out of nothing it worked! (19) Lord! (20) Did I really do this?
(21) Of course, Astafiev’s soul, Astafiev’s star will forever shine for his present and future readers. (22) And he will forever be ours...
(according to G.K. Sapronov *)
* Gennady Konstantinovich Sapronov (1952–2009) – journalist, publisher, member of the Association of Book Publishers of Russia.
(1) When I’m in Krasnoyarsk, I always go to Ovsyanka to visit Viktor Petrovich: walk around his village, look into his house, go to his library, his church...
Answer:
Among sentences 3–8, find one(s) that is related to the previous one using a personal pronoun and a possessive pronoun. Write the number(s) of this sentence(s).
(1) When I’m in Krasnoyarsk, I always go to Ovsyanka to visit Viktor Petrovich: walk around his village, look into his house, go to his library, his church...
(2) Viktor Petrovich Astafiev was born on May 1, 1924 and, having gone through orphanhood, homelessness, blood, wounds and dirt of war, through a chain of endless battles, enduring all the pain and hard labor of writing, he left us on the morning of November 29, 2001.
(3) It would seem that life did everything so that we would not have such a writer. (4) She mutilated his childhood, threw him into the meat grinder of war, finished off the soldier returning from the front with post-war poverty and hunger, tormented his consciousness with ideological dogmas, shredded the best lines with a merciless censorship scalpel. (5) He survived! (6) He did not become an embittered philistine, nor a dissident with a cookie in his pocket, nor a literary gentleman like those whose names somehow instantly disappeared, sunk into oblivion. (7) He always remained himself, regardless of empty and mediocre opinions, the “trends” of the time, and the imposed norms. (8) Astafiev himself was both the norm and the rule and, as time has proven, became a truly national writer in the highest sense of this difficult concept. (9) All of us who knew him, were in correspondence with him, were friends with him, somehow got used to the fact that we have such a Viktor Petrovich - wise, cheerful, reasonable, ardent.
(10) Astafiev taught us, first of all, freedom and he himself was free - both in life and in creativity. (11) I remember at one of the meetings he was asked: “How to become a free person?” (12) Viktor Petrovich answered with a smile: “(13) Start by stopping lying to yourself and bending to your boss.”
(14) Tired, sick, exhausted, he sat down at his desk every morning in order not only to have time to finish writing what he had planned (how many unborn plots and characters remain that we will never meet again!), but also in order to to honestly earn your bread, feed your family, raise orphaned grandchildren, help your son and his family. (15) “What a difficult work, burning us as if on fire!” - he writes in one of the letters. (16) And in another letter: “...even the sledgehammer, which at one time he used in the foundry, did not exhaust as much as the writer’s “light” pen. (17) But, of course, none of my work has brought as much delight as this literary work. (18) When suddenly out of nothing, from an ordinary bottle of ink you extract something similar to life, you recreate from words a picture or character dear to yourself, and sometimes to other people, and you freeze, like an artist in front of a canvas, amazed by this magic - after all, out of nothing it worked! (19) Lord! (20) Did I really do this?
(21) Of course, Astafiev’s soul, Astafiev’s star will forever shine for his present and future readers. (22) And he will forever be ours...
(according to G.K. Sapronov *)
* Gennady Konstantinovich Sapronov (1952–2009) – journalist, publisher, member of the Association of Book Publishers of Russia.
(3) It would seem that life did everything so that we would not have such a writer. (4) She mutilated his childhood, threw him into the meat grinder of war, finished off the soldier returning from the front with post-war poverty and hunger, tormented his consciousness with ideological dogmas, shredded the best lines with a merciless censorship scalpel. (5) He survived! (6) He did not become an embittered philistine, nor a dissident with a cookie in his pocket, nor a literary gentleman like those whose names somehow instantly disappeared, sunk into oblivion. (7) He always remained himself, regardless of empty and mediocre opinions, the “trends” of the time, and the imposed norms. (8) Astafiev himself was both the norm and the rule and, as time has proven, became a truly national writer in the highest sense of this difficult concept.
Answer:
Read an excerpt from the review. It discusses language features text. Some terms used in the review are missing. Fill in the blanks with numbers corresponding to the number of the term from the list.
“The multifaceted, integral image of V.P. Astafieva – strong man and a talented writer - created by G.K. Sapronov in the presented text. The use in vocabulary of (A)______ (“lie”, “bend in (before the boss)”, “hunger”) and such a trope as (B)________ (in sentences 4, 21) creates a harmonious contrast between the simplicity and greatness of Astafiev’s personality . The syntax of the text, especially within such a compact volume, also becomes “speaking” and acquires a special semantic and emotional load. It is especially worth noting the use of (B)________ (sentences 5, 19), as well as (D) (in sentences 9, 14).”
List of terms:
1) series of homogeneous members of the sentence
2) parcellation
4) colloquial words and vernacular
5) antonyms
6) exclamatory sentences
7) metaphor
8) epiphora
9) introductory words
Write down the numbers in your answer, arranging them in the order corresponding to the letters:
| A | B | IN | G |
(1) When I’m in Krasnoyarsk, I always go to Ovsyanka to visit Viktor Petrovich: walk around his village, look into his house, go to his library, his church...
(2) Viktor Petrovich Astafiev was born on May 1, 1924 and, having gone through orphanhood, homelessness, blood, wounds and dirt of war, through a chain of endless battles, enduring all the pain and hard labor of writing, he left us on the morning of November 29, 2001.
(3) It would seem that life did everything so that we would not have such a writer. (4) She mutilated his childhood, threw him into the meat grinder of war, finished off the soldier returning from the front with post-war poverty and hunger, tormented his consciousness with ideological dogmas, shredded the best lines with a merciless censorship scalpel. (5) He survived! (6) He did not become an embittered philistine, nor a dissident with a cookie in his pocket, nor a literary gentleman like those whose names somehow instantly disappeared, sunk into oblivion. (7) He always remained himself, regardless of empty and mediocre opinions, the “trends” of the time, and the imposed norms. (8) Astafiev himself was both the norm and the rule and, as time has proven, became a truly national writer in the highest sense of this difficult concept. (9) All of us who knew him, were in correspondence with him, were friends with him, somehow got used to the fact that we have such a Viktor Petrovich - wise, cheerful, reasonable, ardent.
(10) Astafiev taught us, first of all, freedom and he himself was free - both in life and in creativity. (11) I remember at one of the meetings he was asked: “How to become a free person?” (12) Viktor Petrovich answered with a smile: “(13) Start by stopping lying to yourself and bending to your boss.”
(14) Tired, sick, exhausted, he sat down at his desk every morning in order not only to have time to finish writing what he had planned (how many unborn plots and characters remain that we will never meet again!), but also in order to to honestly earn your bread, feed your family, raise orphaned grandchildren, help your son and his family. (15) “What a difficult work, burning us as if on fire!” - he writes in one of the letters. (16) And in another letter: “...even the sledgehammer, which at one time he used in the foundry, did not exhaust as much as the writer’s “light” pen. (17) But, of course, none of my work has brought as much delight as this literary work. (18) When suddenly out of nothing, from an ordinary bottle of ink you extract something similar to life, you recreate from words a picture or character dear to yourself, and sometimes to other people, and you freeze, like an artist in front of a canvas, amazed by this magic - after all, out of nothing it worked! (19) Lord! (20) Did I really do this?
The volume of the essay is at least 150 words.
Work written without reference to the text read (not based on this text) is not graded. If the essay is a retelling or a complete rewrite of the original text without any comments, then such work is graded 0 points.
Write your essay neatly and in legible handwriting.
(1) When I’m in Krasnoyarsk, I always go to Ovsyanka to visit Viktor Petrovich: walk around his village, look into his house, go to his library, his church...
(2) Viktor Petrovich Astafiev was born on May 1, 1924 and, having gone through orphanhood, homelessness, blood, wounds and dirt of war, through a chain of endless battles, enduring all the pain and hard labor of writing, he left us on the morning of November 29, 2001.
(3) It would seem that life did everything so that we would not have such a writer. (4) She mutilated his childhood, threw him into the meat grinder of war, finished off the soldier returning from the front with post-war poverty and hunger, tormented his consciousness with ideological dogmas, shredded the best lines with a merciless censorship scalpel. (5) He survived! (6) He did not become an embittered philistine, nor a dissident with a cookie in his pocket, nor a literary gentleman like those whose names somehow instantly disappeared, sunk into oblivion. (7) He always remained himself, regardless of empty and mediocre opinions, the “trends” of the time, and the imposed norms. (8) Astafiev himself was both the norm and the rule and, as time has proven, became a truly national writer in the highest sense of this difficult concept. (9) All of us who knew him, were in correspondence with him, were friends with him, somehow got used to the fact that we have such a Viktor Petrovich - wise, cheerful, reasonable, ardent.
(10) Astafiev taught us, first of all, freedom and he himself was free - both in life and in creativity. (11) I remember at one of the meetings he was asked: “How to become a free person?” (12) Viktor Petrovich answered with a smile: “(13) Start by stopping lying to yourself and bending to your boss.”
(14) Tired, sick, exhausted, he sat down at his desk every morning in order not only to have time to finish writing what he had planned (how many unborn plots and characters remain that we will never meet again!), but also in order to to honestly earn your bread, feed your family, raise orphaned grandchildren, help your son and his family. (15) “What a difficult work, burning us as if on fire!” - he writes in one of the letters. (16) And in another letter: “...even the sledgehammer, which at one time he used in the foundry, did not exhaust as much as the writer’s “light” pen. (17) But, of course, none of my work has brought as much delight as this literary work. (18) When suddenly out of nothing, from an ordinary bottle of ink you extract something similar to life, you recreate from words a picture or character dear to yourself, and sometimes to other people, and you freeze, like an artist in front of a canvas, amazed by this magic - after all, out of nothing it worked! (19) Lord! (20) Did I really do this?
Having made a decision, immediately take action and cast aside doubts about the result.
The ability to come out of a difficult situation with victory or minimal losses - most important quality a good surgeon.
In competing operations, the surgeon should be inclined to perform the one that he knows better and, therefore, will perform better.
Every doctor always has own books according to the chosen specialty. Sometimes these are several books left over from the time of the institute, in other cases it is a very large library on many medical specialties. Of course, have own library- this is a very good thing, especially if the owner himself and his friends use it regularly. However, now that books are difficult to obtain and have become very expensive, few people have the luxury of having a large library. Therefore, I would like to give some advice on selecting books from your own small library for a surgeon.
First of all, it is necessary at all costs to obtain atlases on topographic human anatomy and atlases of operations on the abdominal and thoracic organs, neck, and limbs. If possible, you should buy all available books, but only on the narrower section of surgery that you decide to do. Of course, it would be good to consult with knowledgeable people whether this book is worthwhile or not, since medical publishing houses sometimes publish waste paper. Unfortunately, while you are looking for an adviser, you may no longer get the book. However, if you take the matter seriously, you can get acquainted in advance with the plans for publishing medical literature that arrive in libraries at the end of each year, consult and then either subscribe to the book or immediately buy it as soon as it goes on sale.
There is no doubt that the surgeon should have as much reference literature as possible. For me personally, the value of the Great Medical Encyclopedia is very doubtful. Since the methodology for preparing a publication is such that often by the time the next volume is published it contains information that is 8-10 years old. Therefore, it is better to focus on purchasing reference books. A doctor of almost any specialty needs to have a reference book on emergencies and emergency medical care at home. After all, in an emergency, neighbors, acquaintances, and even just passers-by can contact you at any time, having learned that you are a doctor. AND medical care you will be obliged to provide them with assistance, at least until the ambulance arrives.
A surgeon, especially one working in district hospitals, needs reference books on oncology, urology, dentistry, obstetrics and gynecology, orthopedics and traumatology, neurosurgery and, of course, internal medicine.
One night, shortly after I started working in Komsomolsk-on-Amur, I was called to the hospital to see a woman in labor who urgently needed to be delivered by caesarean section. The only operating obstetrician-gynecologist in the city was on vacation. Although by that time I had completed a 3-year clinical residency, I knew and could already perform basic surgical interventions, I had never seen a caesarean section in my life and did not know how to perform it. I had neither books nor a reference book on operative obstetrics and gynecology, and I couldn’t get them anywhere at night either. Therefore, I had to find in the operating journal a description of a similar operation performed a month ago by our obstetrician-gynecologist. Fortunately, the doctor’s handwriting was good, and he wrote down the operations in sufficient detail. Armed with only this meager data, I began to operate. Thank God, the operation went well, all three of us survived. I spent the entire next day trying to get the books I needed. And in the future I had to operate on patients in areas borderline with surgery, but this lesson served me well. I always had reference books at hand.
It is impossible to remember all the constants of even basic biochemical tests of blood, urine and other hormones and excreta of the human body, and you don’t need to know all the dosages of medications, the rules for taking them, possible side effects and complications. All this information is given in the relevant reference books. You should start purchasing reference books and learning to use them while still at the institute. Information from them, which you will use often, will gradually be remembered without special memorization. For the rest, the reference book should always be at hand.
For those who want to constantly be updated modern problems, there are general surgical journals “Surgery”, “Bulletin of Surgery”, “Clinical Surgery” and specialized journals on narrow surgical specialties. The fourth issue of the Medical Abstract Journal is also dedicated to surgical specialties. This journal is good because it publishes abstracts in Russian, mainly from foreign magazines, which are difficult for our readers to access, especially since our doctors’ knowledge of foreign languages is still clearly insufficient. The Abstract Journal usually also publishes proceedings of major international congresses, conferences and symposia.
Currently, due to the significant rise in subscription prices, the doctor will apparently be forced to limit himself to a subscription to one journal. However, in medical teams it is possible to agree that each doctor will subscribe to one journal, but all journals will be different.
Based on our experience, I would not recommend depersonalizing magazines by pooling all magazines so that they are delivered directly to surgical department. Firstly, there will be no strict control over the delivery of the magazine; secondly, they will definitely be “read out”; thirdly, after initial use they will be torn or thrown away. This will not happen if each employee writes out a magazine to take home, gives it to colleagues to read, and then keeps it at home. A journal collected over a number of years is of great value not only for researcher, but also for the doctor, who can always find in it the information he needs for everyday practical work.
I also think it would be advisable to create a small reference file in your home. While reading or looking through books and magazines, you find a description of some new operation, diagnostic technique or treatment method, as well as a description of a rare disease. At the moment, you do not have a patient for whom this information might be needed, but such a patient may appear in your practice at any time. In order not to go through all the literature each time in order to find the necessary text, it will be much easier to turn to the card index. On the back of an ordinary bibliographic card (you can get a sufficient number of them in any library) is written the title of the article that may be useful to you in the future, and the name of the book, atlas, journal where it was published, as well as the year of publication, number and page. If this magazine or book is not yours personal library, then it’s better to mark on the card where you got them.
The cards are arranged alphabetically in a small box or cardboard box in the following sections: diagnostics, rare diseases, surgical techniques, treatment methods, etc. Now, at the right time, you can easily find the source you need using the card index. Believe me, if you don’t have such a card index, finding what you read several years ago is difficult and often impossible, especially if you are not completely free from laziness.
In recent years, due to the widespread use of video technology, a number of foreign companies have begun to produce educational films recorded on cassettes for an amateur video recorder. There is no doubt that an operation clearly and in detail recorded on film, all stages of which are accompanied by detailed explanations, has great advantages over a description of the same operation in a manual or atlas. Of course, the cost of such a cassette is still high. However, a number of foreign medical libraries, including libraries in large hospitals, already have video recording departments. The cassette can be viewed in the video booths of the library or taken, like a book, to your home.
These libraries also have departments where floppy disks with educational information in various medical specialties. If you have a personal computer at home, in a hospital or in a classroom, you can study using computer programs, which, as we know, have a number of significant advantages over traditional teaching methods.
If you have the appropriate equipment at home or at work, then until our country has signed the appropriate agreements, you can engage in video or computer piracy, copying for yourself the videotapes or floppy disks you need for free.
Every doctor has the opportunity to check out the most rare and valuable books through an interlibrary loan. If you manage to get hold of a good surgical atlas this way, letting it go without a photocopy would be completely unforgivable. By multiplying copies, you can also benefit your colleagues. Just remember that this can be done with impunity only until our country has signed the relevant conventions.
It may seem that in the era of tablets and e-readers there is no point in having a personal library.They say that paper books require an investment of money, a lot of space, and besides, they collect dust. However, lovers of paper books will never agree with this and continue to create personal libraries.
Paper means alive
Reading a “live” book cannot be compared with reading the same book on a reader or other electronic device. A paper book is tangible, it has a design (cover, font, illustrations). Holding a book in your hands and leafing through it is a very special pleasure. You can make colored bookmarks in a paper book to mark your favorite places. And just looking at paper books in the closet is a great joy. The joy that you feel from the anticipation that you have collected real treasures at home, which, by the way, not a single burglar will encroach on (he simply does not know their value). Here is another advantage of books - they are a value that protects itself.
Choosing books
You've probably wondered more than once: what books deserve to be included in your home library? After all, it is quite obvious that the space for books is limited and you still cannot put all the books in the world on your shelves. The criteria here are simple and obvious.
- Firstly, these should be books you want to re-read. There's no point in keeping a book at home if you're never going to open it again. The reasons for this are very different, and they may not have anything to do with the fact that the book belongs to the “golden fund of classics.” For example, you don't like books with tragic endings, so you like Theodore Dreiser, but you are not going to re-read it. There may be other reasons. But at home it makes sense to keep those books that you are “tired” of borrowing from the library, those books that you want to have at home so that you can take and re-read at any time. At the same time, in order not to deprive yourself of the joy of reading your own brand new book, borrowed from the library, you can just start. If you definitely like the book, it’s better to immediately buy your own and enjoy reading it, inhaling the aroma of printing ink, leafing through brand new pages, and you can immediately return the library one.
- Secondly, these are albums, encyclopedias in which drawings, illustrations, and photographs occupy an important place.
- Thirdly, these are the business books you use all the time. For example, books on time management whose advice you regularly apply (or at least try to) when planning your time.
- Fourthly, of course, books for children. Children's books should only be paper and, if possible, with pictures to create additional interest for children.
How to build a library: useful tips
We hope you find the following tips for creating a personal library useful:
Get yourself a notebook or electronic file and write down all the interesting books you learn about. Then it makes sense to read reviews or find an excerpt to understand whether the book is interesting to you or not.
If you like a certain author, it makes sense to purchase his collected works. At the same time, it is better not to buy the “economical option”, that is, “all the best works” under one cover. Firstly, it is unlikely that everything can be contained in one book. Secondly, the book will be “deadly heavy” and you will not be able to take it anywhere with you (neither to the dacha, nor for a walk). Thirdly, the font will definitely be very small, which will deprive you of the joy of reading. Fourthly, due to the weight, the bindings of such books cannot withstand and quickly tear. So best option– buy collected works in several volumes, rather than in one. On the other hand, you should think about it - do you need the complete collected works? You may be crazy about Dostoevsky’s The Brothers Karamazov, but you have no desire to re-read your “school” Crime and Punishment. In addition, each writer, in addition to works of art there is correspondence and articles that are also included in collected works. Consider whether you will read them. If not, it makes more sense to purchase “selected” rather than “complete works” of the author.
Books can be purchased secondhand. It's much cheaper. However, be prepared for the fact that people are not always careful with books. The pages of used books may be stained with coffee and grease stains, wrinkled, and scribbled on. Do you need such a book in your personal library? Obviously not.
Monitor store prices and subscribe to newsletters about promotions. Bookstores very often announce promotions, especially before the holidays. For example, there are promotions like “the fourth book for one ruble”, “buy four books - get the fifth as a gift”. Wait for the promotion time and buy the books you are interested in. To interest readers, all bookstores, without exception, hold sales, announce discounts and special offers. Don't forget to use them. And to stay up to date with news, subscribe to newsletters from various online bookstores.
In creating a personal library, both the process and the result are enjoyable. Enjoy this activity to the fullest!
At all times, having your own home library was considered a sign of education. The volume of the library and the quality of the books that filled it were used to judge the degree of erudition of a person.
Smart people were called “well-read”, i.e. who have read many books and gained their knowledge from them. People of the older generation remember how difficult it was to get rare copies, what queues they had to stand in for them, how long they had to wait for subscription publications. The library in the cramped "Khrushchev" occupied precious meters of living space, and yet many multiplied and multiplied the volume of cabinets, racks, and shelves.
Today, attitudes towards home libraries have changed somewhat. Today, for many, the words “home library” are associated with another element of luxury that can be used to decorate your own home. The vast majority of Internet sites for the request “home library” will offer you to make, equip, and install exclusive furniture for your library. Those. we'll talk about cabinets and shelves. Books are, apparently, a secondary issue.
In this regard, I recall an incident from life: guests asked one owner of a substantial home book depository how he reached the top shelves, how he took books from them to read? “I get it out very simply - with a vacuum cleaner!” was the answer, completely eliminating the need for subsequent questions. In some specialized stores today you can even buy fake book spines, with which you can create the illusion of a large volume and solidity of the library.
What happened? What is the reason for the change? Why did the most reading nation on the planet, for the most part, stop reading? The main change, perhaps, occurred in the area of the emergence and distribution of “non-book”, non-print media. If earlier erudite people were called well-read, today they most likely should be called “well-read.” Today, the average Russian spends up to 30 hours a week in front of the TV, 10 hours a week at the computer monitor, while at best 5 hours reading (we won’t go into details of what he reads!). Remember what you could watch on TV in Soviet era? Two programs, several films. Newspapers and magazines also worked in the ideological field. Nobody even dreamed of such miracles as the Internet! For those seeking knowledge, only books remained. And although some books were in short supply, a book could still be owned: it could be re-read, given to a friend or borrowed from him, its especially valuable parts could be retyped, etc. Back then books were of real value; and this value for some publications was due to their small circulations. Happy owners of rare books rightfully considered themselves rich people.
What can I say to this? Maybe books, as a form of transmitting thoughts, are hopelessly outdated today and should soon disappear altogether? How did such methods of transmitting information as knotted writing or cuneiform writing on wet clay once disappear? Perhaps the age of the book is coming to an end and there is no need for pointless nostalgia? Are libraries really nothing more than cabinets and shelves?
How to create a home library?
For those who still believe that books cannot be completely replaced by TV, the Internet and electronic books, we suggest you think about creating your own home library. It should be said that this business will immediately challenge the daily routine imposed on us by modernity: if you do not want to collect a fake library, but want to really be well-read, you will have to “snatch” a dozen precious hours from the TV!
What literature should I collect? Let us venture to propose such a system.
Reference, technical literature necessary for work or study. Naturally, such literature must be purchased, collected, collected. If you are engaged, for example, in programming, then literature in this direction will certainly be useful to you.
General developmental literature. Each person has his own preferences in everything. When choosing general developmental literature, you should also be guided by your interests: if you are a “techie”, it might be interesting to collect a collection of books on the history of mechanics, electronics, etc. Some people like history, some like astronomy, some are interested in issues of philosophy and religion. Today there are many interesting books on construction and repair, on arranging and decorating your home; You can also devote a whole section to them. All of these trends can dictate what books you should seek out and collect.
Fiction literature. Don't forget the classics! No matter how trivial it may sound, every home library should have at least several works by one author from Russian and foreign classics.
When creating a home library, you need to be guided by several principles.
Pulp and beach reading should not be included in the library, because... it has no value and there is no need to collect it. These books are just to pass the time.
Good literature can be purchased at book sales, by advertisement. You can buy entire private libraries at a very low price. Used books often cost much less than new ones, and are just as good in binding and paper quality as new ones.
Collections of magazines can take a worthy place in the home library. In the section of general education books, it is quite possible to include selections of magazines “Around the World”, “Biography”, “Discovery”, “Science and Technology”, etc. Selections of magazines can also be purchased from collectors at sales.
When collecting a library, don't forget about your children. Buy literature that is also interesting for them. Instill in them an interest in reading adventure novels by Fenimore Cooper, Jules Verne, and Mine Reid.
Remember that owning a library is not cheap. Purchasing books, building library furniture, caring for books, transporting them when moving - all this requires money and effort. Don't set yourself the goal of building a large library. Collect a library of books that are valuable to you.
For ease of classification, use special computer programs. They will help you arrange all the books into sections and remind you of who you gave this or that book to read.
Look for like-minded book lovers. This will give you a new circle of friends and help you find the publications you need.
Read what you add to your library! Otherwise, all your efforts will be in vain. A library “for furniture” is not worth the effort and money spent on it. Better buy a new TV!
Vladimir Vorozhtsov
