Vertical takeoff of a MIG 29 fighter. Away from the Kremlin

In the early 70s, the two design bureaus of Mikoyan and Sukhoi were tasked with developing two new promising fighters that would differ from each other only in their weight. The task was successfully solved - the creation of a light front-line fighter ended up unsurpassed in maneuverability MiG 29, and the heavy version of the fighter turned out to be an excellent long-range fighter-interceptor.

The history of the creation of the MiG 29 fighter

The first prototype MiG 29

The first prototype (at the factory this was a series 9) was not at all like later modifications and it took to the air in October 1977. The plane was piloted by test pilot V. Fedotov. The second prototype made its first flight at the end of 1979, it was distinguished by a shortened and rearward-shifted shock absorber on the front landing gear, an auxiliary power unit and a gun with a single barrel GSh-30-1. The front landing gear shifted back changed the trajectory of the departure of foreign objects from under the front pillar and they no longer fell into the air intake.

The next prototype 903 suffered a plane crash, it was replaced by 908, then several pre-production machines followed, a series of flights were completed on them to work out the behavior of the machine at high angles of attack and test control systems. These tests were carried out by test pilot V. Menitsky, and these flights showed the ability to fly on the verge of the impossible.

Serial production of new light front-line fighters began in 1982, and already in August 1983 the first ones were deployed at the Kubinka airfield. The modification of the machine under the designation was intended for the countries of the Warsaw Pact, they planned to deliver a simpler version to other countries.

The 29C variant received air-to-air missiles with a radar guidance head, and the export variant could track several targets and destroy two at once. From the export aircraft acquired a control system.

In the future, this machine had many modifications - this is a carrier-based fighter operating from an aircraft carrier and an aircraft with a variable thrust vector, and a training fighter MiG-29UB. The best and latest version bears the designation MiG-29 SMT. There could have been more front-line fighters of this brand if in the 90s they had not given preference, as the designers considered, to a more promising Su-27. But still, more than one and a half thousand different modifications were issued a ticket to heaven.

Description of the MiG 29 aircraft

The aerodynamic layout of the aircraft is made according to the integrated circuit - this is a low-lying wing, plumage of two separate keels, two engines located in parallel in the rear of the fuselage and spaced relative to each other. The airframe was made by a welded docking method without overlap, which greatly facilitated the design. Applied materials: steel and aluminum alloy, titanium and composites.

The wing has decent mechanization - slotted flaps, deflectable slats and ailerons, sweep angle 42 degrees. The keels are sheathed in carbon fiber and their collapse is 60 degrees. At the rotary stabilizer, the deviation is differentiated.

The cockpit canopy has a teardrop shape, the visor without bindings provides excellent visibility in flight, during landing and takeoff. The cabin itself is quite spacious, equipped with a K-63 ejection seat.

It is equipped with two powerful RD-33 turbojet engines, on which four-stage low-pressure compressors are installed, high pressure is created by a nine-stage compressor. TRDDF develop thrust of 81.42 Kn. Until now, in terms of thrust-to-weight ratio, not a single aircraft on the planet has surpassed it.

Engine RD-33

From the very beginning, this machine had an insufficient supply of fuel and, as a result, a short flight duration. On early modifications of the aircraft, there were only wing and fuselage tanks, the total fuel supply was 4365 liters. Over time, the designers resolved this issue and already the 29M and 29SMT models had an increased fuel supply inside: the first was in the wing influx instead of the air intakes, the second was above the fuselage in a 900-liter tank, immediately behind the cockpit, giving a humpbacked appearance to the aircraft.

A small supply of fuel was more than offset by excellent handling on the verge of maximum angles of attack. Such maneuverability in air combat made this front-line fighter especially dangerous, many opponents could not stand what the pilots did on this machine at the maximum angles of attack and high overloads. At the same time, there was a mechanical control system and it remained the most maneuverable jet aircraft in the history of aviation.

After finalizing the chassis and installing air intakes that prevent foreign objects from entering the engines, the car was operated from short and poorly prepared lanes. In service, this front-line fighter was simple and unpretentious.

Flight characteristics of the MiG 29 aircraft:

• The highest speed at an altitude of 11 thousand. m in the absence of suspensions - 2415 km / h.
• The maximum speed near the ground is 1500 km / h.
• The Mach number for 11 thousand meters is no more than 2.3 M, at sea level no higher is 1.22 M.
• At maximum takeoff weight, the takeoff speed is 220 km/h.
• The speed of descent during landing approach is 260 km/h.
• Landing speed - 235 km / h.
• The run distance using a braking parachute is 700 m.
• Rate of climb - 330 m / s.
• Permissible overloads - 9G at M = 0.85 and 7G at M more than 0.85.
• Practical ceiling - 17 thousand m.
• The maximum range at full refueling is 2000 km. When distilling aircraft with three external tanks - 3200 km.

Armament of the MiG 29 fighter:

• Maximum weight - 3000 kg on six pylons.
• Gun GSh-30-1.
• Air-to-air missiles R-27, R-73, R-60.
• Air-to-surface armament - FAB-250 and FAB-500 bombs.
• Cluster bomb KMGU-2.
• NURS 57 mm, 130 mm and 240 mm.
• Atomic bomb RN-40.

Interesting facts from the practice of flying on the MiG 29 fighter

Aerobatics MiG 29

It is interesting that he could take off on one engine with the launch of the second already in flight - this saved time when taking off on alarm.

When performing aerobatics, the “bell”, when the car, having accelerated, goes vertically upwards, it seems to freeze there and then falls down, and so it disappeared from the radar screens, imagine what was happening at the tracking points.

In aerial combat, the pilot had an advantage - a flight helmet with a monocular sight, which made it possible to catch a target even when the nose of the aircraft was pointed in the other direction, in combination with the use of the R-73 rocket, this was deadly for the enemy.

The rough skin that covered the body of the aircraft created an intermediate layer that improved flight performance.

Another interesting, but bitter fact. In May 1989, on the next duty, Captain Zuev, having put his colleagues to sleep with a cake with sleeping pills, stole to Turkey. In order to avoid conflict, the Turkish authorities immediately returned the plane to Russia, and Captain Zuev, pretending to be a military dissident, received asylum in the United States.

But be that as it may, later modifications and its wonderful continuation are still guarding the air borders of our Motherland.

Video: MiG 29 vertical takeoff

Video: Riding a fighter into the stratosphere: a unique panoramic shot from the MiG-29

military airshow Royal International Air Tattoo, which took place in the UK, promised to be spectacular and impressive, so those who wanted to watch it gathered great amount. And the creators of the show kept their promise, because the audience was able to get a lot of vivid impressions. But most of all, the Russian MiG-29, more precisely, its incredible takeoff capabilities, and the vertical takeoff of the MiG-29 shocked Western journalists, and all without exception. However, this is not at all surprising, because almost everyone who saw the vertical takeoff of the MiG-29 went into the sky like a rocket - this is how this incredible flight was characterized. From afar, it seemed that it was not a plane that was taking off from the ground, but a real rocket, the launch of the Russian aircraft was so swift and strong.

Aircraft MiG-29

Soon the extraordinary aircraft in the media will be characterized as follows:

• world-class record holder in rate of climb;
• air transport capable of gaining speed 330 m/s;
• an aircraft that turned out to be one and a half times faster than the English Electric Lightning interceptor, which was created by British engineers.

How was the MiG-29 created?

The history of the creation of the fighter began in the distant 60s of the last century, and currently the MiG-29 occupies one of the leading positions in the ranking of the most popular and modern world aircraft.

Before the design engineers who needed to create a model of a fighter, a clear goal was set - to introduce into production such a model that would surpass all analogues in terms of maneuverability in the sky during close combat, and in addition to the main goal, the aircraft had to perform the following:

• cover the rear from the attack of an enemy air attack;
• conduct reconnaissance from the sky both day and night;
• carry out flights in any, even the most difficult weather conditions.

Over the years of its existence, production has been released about 1550 fighters, in the operation of the Russian army there are currently more than 250 pieces. Since many people were interested in fighters, the aircraft of this line replenished the armament of both the former Russian allies and the countries that are part of NATO.

• the aircraft has unique characteristics that are not inherent in any other military vessel;
• the fighter flies without problems, choosing the largest angle of attack;
• a special control limiter in the form of a lever helps the pilot quickly change altitude, hit an enemy missile, go up or to the side.

At the end of the 60s of the last century, the first MiG-29 was created; not a single military aircraft could boast of such characteristics.

Of course, not everything went smoothly with the first model, for example, the fighter was very fast, but it lacked maneuverability and agility, and these characteristics are very important in close air combat. To bring the model to the so-called perfection, design engineers made various suggestions and adjustments, which ultimately helped to create a modern model that is able to go into the sky like a real rocket and shock everyone who can see an extraordinary spectacle.

Technical characteristics of a modern fighter

The modern Russian fighter MiG-29 has the following technical characteristics:

• 11.36 m - wingspan;
• 17.3 m - the length of the aircraft, taking into account the boom;
• 4.7 m - height;
• 10900 kg - the mass of an unloaded aircraft;
• 2450 km / h - maximum speed at altitude;
• 1500 km / h - maximum speed during takeoff;
• 19800 m/min - maximum rate of climb;
• 18000 m - practical ceiling.

The fighter is controlled by one pilot, the fighter is equipped with a 2xTRDDF RD-33 engine. Currently the fourth generation Soviet fighter replenishes the arsenal of the air forces of 27 states, the aircraft was noted in several military conflicts from a positive point of view. So, in the late 90s, the German government introduced the world press to a report that described the numerous superiority of the MiG-29 over the fighter of American engineers F-16. tested specifications Russian fighter jet in Sardinia, in a military training center owned by NATO. After receiving the test results, it was proved that the Soviet fighter was able to bypass all Western and American counterparts without much effort.

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