They have a long tradition in the history of photography. The growing interest in this topic is largely due to the desire of parents to obtain a reliable image of their offspring to update memories in the future.

Most of the first professional photographers took portraits primarily to order, so when choosing a subject, the final say belonged to the one who paid.

Photos of children From the very beginning, photographs were very popular, although from a technical point of view their creation was not an easy task. Given the equipment and photographic materials that were available after the invention of photography, the person being portrayed had to endure a long period of time without moving, due to the long exposure time. This procedure was unpleasant for adults, and even more so for children, who are much more mobile.

The need to meet customer requirements led to the creation of various support stands that made posing in front of the camera easier. Perhaps for this reason, photographs of sleeping children were also taken.

With the increase in the photosensitivity of photographic materials and the improvement of lens characteristics, photographing children has ceased to be such a difficult technical problem. The shorter the shooting time became, the faster the photographer could react to the child's manifestations.

The main point in the issue of including photographs in the field of artistic photography has always been the idea that the author wanted to convey with his photograph. The technical factor appeared rather as a limiting factor that determined the possibility of expressing the conceived idea.

In addition to the individual attitude of the photographer himself to the subject, the formation of ideas-plots for photographs of children was significantly influenced by the views that had developed in a given period on the situation of the child, the attitude towards certain classes of society and existing tastes. In order to trace the manifestation of these factors, it is necessary to pay attention to those photographs that were created as ordinary portraits.

Let's look at the example of the most famous photographers in the past.

G.O. Reilander “The Game”

The romantic tone in photographs of children was very popular in Victorian England, as it reinforced the general belief of the bourgeoisie and the upper classes in the achieved prosperity.

In the 60-70s, the most famous authors working in this spirit included Lewis Carroll (1832 - 1892), whose name became the pseudonym of a professor of mathematics at Oxford University, widely known in our country thanks to his books “The Adventures of Alice in Wonderland" and "Through the Looking Glass and What Alice Saw There" (known to us as "Alice through the Looking Glass"). By choosing the environment and poses of the models, Carroll created a melancholy atmosphere in the photographs, which was supposed to show a certain shyness of the child when entering the unknown world of adults.

Lewis Caroll. Alice Lidell, dressed as a beggar c. 1859

Portrait of Gertrude Dykes (1862)

The children in Carroll's photographs look natural, although this was not easy to achieve. Not every adult can handle shooting with a shutter speed of 10-20 seconds.

Portrait of Flora Rankine “No Lessons Today” (1863)

In a typical Victorian spirit I did photos of children Juliet Margaret Cameron (1815 - 1879) Her style was distinctive in that she focused primarily on facial expression. The most characteristic thing in her photographs was the composition, which brought the model closer to the ideals of the time, but without erasing the individual features of the person being portrayed.

The collection of children's portraits, which arose on the initiative of Thomas John Bernardo, also in England, deserves great attention. It is unknown whether he took the photographs himself, but Bernardo quickly realized the importance of the photographs for social messages. In 1871, he founded a Home for Street Boys, and on his initiative a photographic department was created there. Each pupil was photographed upon admission to this house. To expand the archive, Bernardo demanded that photographs be taken directly in the environment of poverty from which the pupils came. Thus, comprehensive information was gradually created about poor children in the last quarter of the 19th century. in England.

The topic continues in .

It is these people who look at life through the lens of their cameras that World Photography Day is dedicated to, which photographers from many countries around the world celebrate annually on August 19th. The holiday was established in 2009 on the initiative of Australian photographer Korske Ara.

Photography is translated from Greek as light painting. Photography can rightfully be considered one of the main inventions of the 19th century.

Story

The date of the celebration was not chosen by chance - on August 9, 1839, the French artist and inventor Louis Daguerre presented to the French Academy of Sciences the process of obtaining a daguerreotype - an image on a light-sensitive metal plate, and ten days later the French government proclaimed his invention “a gift to the world.”

Daguerreotype is considered the first practical method of photography. It was created around 1822 by the French inventor Joseph Niepce, but it was thanks to Daguerre that this method of obtaining a photographic image became known throughout the world.

"View from a Window" is the world's first photograph, taken in 1826 or 1827 by French inventor Joseph Niepce.

Daguerreotype was quickly replaced by the collodion process, but it is considered the ancestor of modern photography.

In subsequent years, many scientists continued to improve the process of obtaining photographs, using different materials and reagents.

In 1861, James Maxwell was able to reproduce a color photo, and the invention of the digital camera in 1981 by Sony made it possible to take digital photographs and abandon traditional photographic film, although many professional photographers still prefer it in their work.

Today photography is available to everyone. In the age of digital technology, you can take pictures or selfies with a simple mobile phone, which will later make people smile, sad or hold their breath.

First photos

The first photograph that has survived to this day belongs to the French inventor Joseph Niepce. He managed to get the shot, which he called “View from the Window,” in 1826.

And another French inventor, Louis Daguerre, was able to capture a person for the first time in 1838.

The world's first photographic self-portrait, something like a selfie, was taken around the fall of 1839 by the famous American photographer and photography pioneer Robert Cornelius. After removing the cover from the photographic lens, he rushed into the frame, where he sat for more than a minute until the lens was closed.

The first photo of a rocket launch from Cape Canaveral in July 1950 is from NASA, showing the launch of a Bumper V-2.

The first color photograph of a tricolor ribbon tied in a bow was presented by James Clerk Maxwell in 1861 at a lecture at the Royal Institution in London. He had been hatching the idea for this photograph for six years.

Photography is a unique phenomenon that can capture forever important events, interesting moments, everything beautiful and beloved.

© photo: Sputnik / Levan Avlabreli

For the vast majority of people, photographs are valuable documents, evidence of their lifelong personal history. Therefore, people try to capture themselves for “history” themselves, when there is no one to ask. Apparently this marked the beginning of the emergence of such a phenomenon as selfies.

Selfie

The first selfie in history was allegedly taken in 1920. The photo shows five men posing for the camera as they stand on the roof of Marceau Studio in New York.

It is said that these gentlemen were employees of the popular photography studio Byron Company, which dates back to 1892.

Selfie (translated from English - oneself, oneself), also called selfie, crossbow - a type of self-portrait that involves capturing oneself on a camera, sometimes using a mirror, cord or timer.

The term gained prominence in the early 21st century due to the development of built-in camera functions in mobile devices.

Most teenagers and young adults entertain themselves with a new trend in photography.

© photo: Sputnik / Alexander Imedashvili

Selfies of stars are regularly a source of information about their lives; along with glossy shots, they appear in the press, become the subject of discussion, criticism and the object of endless likes.

A selfie epidemic has swept the world. And as the influence of selfies on society multiplies, scientists and psychologists from different countries have become interested in the extent and consequences of this unusual phenomenon.

Psychologists have found that this problem has appeared in the modern world due to a decrease in the value of interpersonal relationships. People are increasingly busy with their careers, businesses, increasing their incomes and saving money.

© photo: Sputnik / Alexander Imedashvili

Residents of the Georgian capital take pictures in the city center on a sunny February day.

And if you don’t have the strength to refuse a selfie, you should take pictures in safe places, or ask a stranger to take a photo.

And remember that a photograph is not just a picture in which someone looks great or not, but a specific emotion, a feeling that reflects a person’s state at a certain moment.

By photographing each other and the world around us, we are able to feel joy, inspiration and a creative attitude towards life.

"Stop, just a moment, you're wonderful!"

Slide 1

Slide 2

Slide 3

Slide 4

In 1825, Louis Daguerre placed a light-sensitive plate in a camera obscura and illuminated it for quite a long time. The image was fixed with mercury vapor. Since the development method was not safe for health, British astronomer and scientist John Herschel suggested washing the plate in a solution of sodium hyposulfite. Daguerre called his photographs daguerreotypes.

Slide 5

Slide 7

Slide 8

1878-88 American G. Goodwin patents celluloid reel film. KODAK sells the first film camera. The beginning of the era of mass photography. 1891 KODAK produces film for charging in daylight. 1900 A prototype of a modern point-and-shoot camera appears on the US market - a camera from KODAK that costs one dollar. 1903 The Lumière brothers from France develop the Autochrome process, the first color photographic material to go on mass sale. 1924-25 The LEIKA-1 camera became the first mass-produced technically advanced camera using standard 35 mm interchangeable film on reels. 1925 The flash lamp was invented. 1928 The first mass-produced two-lens reflex camera ROLLEYFLEX. From this moment on, photographers had the opportunity to produce accurate frames even during operational shooting. 1935-36 Pulsed illuminators were invented. KODAK produces mass-produced color photographic film "Kodachrome" (for cinema and photo equipment). This is the first color film to be processed by the end user. 1937 The first mass-produced single-lens reflex camera EXAKTA. 1938 The first mass-produced camera with automatic aperture control, KODAK SUPER 620. 1942. Kodacolor film makes it possible to produce color prints for the first time. A new step in the era of mass photography. 1948 A revolutionary invention is the Polaroid camera, which allows you to take ready-made black and white photographs in 60 seconds. 1954 The first 35 mm SLR camera with a fully automatic mirror lifting mechanism - the ancestor of modern SLR cameras. This ASAHIFLEX II model was produced by the Japanese company PENTAX - thus, Japanese manufacturers are confidently taking the lead in the design of photographic equipment.

Slide 9

1. The appearance of a prism-type viewfinder (pentaprism). 2. The birth of electronically controlled shutters. 3. Partial automatic exposure (shutter speed or aperture priority). 4. Devices for automatic (including high-speed) film transportation. 5. Full automatic exposure. 6. The appearance of flashes. 7. Microprocessor multifunctional control of all camera devices using information displays. 8.The flash is built into the camera body. 9. The appearance of autofocus. 10. Drastic exponential improvement and modernization of all the above camera devices.

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 16

Slide 17

Slide 18

Slide 19

The cost of film photography. Cost of a film camera (soap camera): about 1000 rubles. The cost of film for 36 frames: about 100 rubles. The cost of printing one photo 10*15: 6 rubles. Cost of digital photography. Cost of a digital camera: 4000-10000 rubles. The cost of a memory card for 100-600 frames: about 200-1000 rubles. The cost of printing one photo 10*15: 3.5 rubles.

Slide 22

In addition to consumers, we interviewed salespeople in departments of Photo Products stores. In stores, along with a large selection of digital cameras, there is also a small selection of film cameras. They continue to buy film for film cameras and print photographs from it. According to sellers, 2/3 of amateur photographers print photographs from digital media, and 1/3 of amateur photographers print from film. So: the survey results showed that the number of digital camera users is several times greater than that of film camera users.

To use presentation previews, create a Google account and log in to it: https://accounts.google.com

Slide captions:

“The story of one photograph” Presentation made by 8th grade students of the MBOU Barvikha Secondary School Rozhkova Arianna Shaikhutdinova Adele Consultant: Zhideeva E.A.

Goal: to find out the fate of the person captured in this photo. Tasks: study the memories of eyewitnesses, organize a search for information from relatives, in archives; o determine the significance of this exhibit for our museum and its visitors.

Research methods: and historiographic, examining personal documents (diaries) of A. Lashchenko. m method of interviews with teachers of our school, which allowed us to recreate a complete picture of the appearance of the studied exhibit in our museum; An analysis method that allowed us to select all the necessary information and conduct this study.

Poems written by A.I. Lashchenko

Since 1951, Anatoly Ivanovich worked at the Barvikha secondary school, where he taught for 43 years. He taught biology, chemistry, and fine arts classes, worked with great enthusiasm at the school’s educational and experimental site, made sketches, and wrote poetry.

Plan diagram of his native village, made by A.I. Lashchenko himself.

Rural school where Anatoly Ivanovich studied.

“I'm with dad. I am 13 years old. Student of the 6th group of ShMK” Photo from 1932.

And after finishing school I decided to continue the dynasty. In 1937, he began his career: first as a primary school teacher, then as a student at the Faculty of Biology and Chemistry at the Stavropol Pedagogical Institute. But the war interrupts his studies, and like many of his peers, he goes to the front.

2nd Guards Taman Division

Echo of war. I often dream at night of the commands: Sight!.. Shells!... Fire, at the enemy! I will never be able to forget these distant war years. How we sat together in the trenches Near Taganrog in the wet snow. Shells and bullets whistled above us. We adjusted the fire on the enemy! The enemy was cruel and cunning. He did not spare us metal. The earth trembled from the shells. The air turned black from smoke and ash. The war years are long gone Our heads are covered with gray hair We are now pensioners Where is now, my front-line friend???

Friendly cartoon of a math teacher.

Conclusion. A sense of patriotism cannot be instilled by force. The fate of the country is formed from each fate of an individual. We felt this when we carried out our work to discover the forgotten biography of our school teacher Anatoly Ivanovich Lashchenko.

On the topic: methodological developments, presentations and notes

Presentation “The story of one number. Fatal number six..."

This presentation introduces an unusual fact about the number six in 1812. . Kutuzov very often said: “The sixth number is in our hand!” And indeed the number “six” acquired special meaning at 18...

50 years since the first man flew into space. Cosmonautics Day. The history of one holiday.

The material is dedicated to the 50th anniversary of the first man's flight into space. On April 12, the whole world celebrates Aviation and Cosmonautics Day. This is a special day - the day of the triumph of science and all those who are engaged today...